A macroscopic study was conducted on the transverse folds of oral palate in 13 species of mammalian heads selected from the laboratory collection. These included Cervus nippon Temminck, Capra hircus Linnaeus, Ovis aries Linnaeus, Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus Linnaeus, Meles Linnaeus, Callorhinus ursinus Linnaeus, Zalophus lobatus, Mormon maimon, Macacus cyclopsis, Macacus irus, Lyssodes fuscata, Grants zebra and Mustela sibirica Pallas. The results were summarized as follows. 1) In the herbivorous animals the transvere folds occupied anterior two third portion of the oral palate running linearly or with slight curvature. The posterior border of the folds showed a free margin with flap-like appearance because the palate was crossed there by a groove dug upper-and posterior-ward. The number of the folds in each side of the palate was not always the same. 2) In the carnivorous animals the folds ran in straight lines somewhat obliquely. The folds which appeared elevated gradually became flattened and disappeared toward both lateral ends. The number of the folds in each side of the palate was generally the same. 3) In the omnivorous animals the transverse folds occupied the middle of anterior two third portion of the palate showing some elevation. The number of the folds in each side of the palate was approximately the same.

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Measurements have been conducted on the occlusal surface that was expressed in terms of the straight line between the tips of both buccal and lingual cusps and the largest distance of the marginal ridge as measured horizontally against the tooth axis. Relative magnitude of the mesio-distal and bucco-lingual diameters of this occlusal surface and comparison of these diameters with those of the whole tooth crown have been respectively studied. Results obtained were summarized as follows. 1) With both mesio-distal and bucco-lingual diameters of the occlusal surface the male tooth exceeded the female tooth in magnitude. 2) With both sexes, it was revaled that the bucco-lingual diameter was smaller than the mesio-distal diameter in the occlusal surface. This represented a converse relation as contrasted with the measurements on the whole tooth crown 3) There was noticed little difference of values in magnitudes between the teeth of left and right dental arches with both sexes. 4) No appreciable difference was also noted between the teeth of both sexes with respect to the values of indices. These indices again showed inverse relation with those indices obtained from the measusucements of whole tooth crown. 5) It may be concluded from the present date that the form of the anatomical occlusal surface of the upper first premolar can be defined as being semi-oval, having mesio-distally longer, although the form of the whole tooth crown generally appears flattened mesiodistally.

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The authors have studied the concentration of cholestrol in the human saliva and some relation between this concentration and the contracts of periodontal disease. There was found a fairy wide range of variation in concentration of cholesterol, the lowest being 0.5 mg/dl and the highest 29.7 mg/dl. The cholesterol contents of the 22 cases who have clinicaly normal gingival ranged from 0.5 to 9.8 mg/dl (the average value was 3.5 mg/dl), and 21 in 22 cases had limitted values below 6.0 mg/dl. In saliva of the individuals suffered from 1.7 to 29.7 mg/dl (average value was 11.0 mg/dl), and in 41 cases out of 51 the contents were more than 6.1 mg/dl. It has been concluded that in saliva of the patients with periodontal disease the contents of cholesterol is definitely higher than in that of the normal cases.

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