The evidence that will give us direct information about the amount, the time course and the topology of the intracellular Ca
2+concentration has been required in order to permit the analysis of the role of the ion inside the cell. Many methods have been introduced to measure the concentration of free Ca
2+in living cells. Among such methods, fura-2 fluorometry appears to be the most ideal, since the fluorescent probe can be loaded into the intracellular space without attendant injury to the target cells, and furthermore it possesses sufficient sensitivity to permit the measurement of free Ca
2+levels in the cell. We established a system for the quantitative measurement of the cytosolic Ca
2+concentration using a fluorescent microscope-video camera system with a frame memory and a computer system. We applied this method to single cultured hippocampal neuron and also hippocampal slice preparation to measure the change in the concentration of Ca
2+during long term potentiation after tetanic stimulation and also during the exposure to hypoxic and glucose-free medium.
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