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Volume 20 (1989 - 199･･･
- Issue 3 Pages 230-
- Issue 2 Pages 155-
- Issue 1 Pages 105-
Volume 20, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Mamoru NISHIOKA, Nakamichi YAMASAKI, Kazumichi YANAGISAWA, Shigeaki YA ...1989 Volume 20 Issue 2 Pages 155-160
Published: November 24, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe final aim of this study is to make night soil reuse on farm-land reduction as liquid fertilizer.
In this present paper, a continuous hydrothermal decomposition system for the night soil treatnemt in pipe-line was designed and manufactured. The plant had the injection pump incorporated with a mechanism of the exhaust-pressure recovery, the hydrothermal reactor, and oxygen gas supply equipment. The reactor was made of SUS 304, and was heated by independent four furnaces for protecting the thermal difference in the reactor. Measurement of the decomposition temperature was performed by inserting a thermocouple into the reactor.
The night soil was easily decomposed under hydrothermal condition by using the autoclave of batch type. The decomposition ratio over 90% was obtained at 300°C of reaction temparature, for 10min. of reaction time, and at 20kg/cm2 of oxygen gas. The test run of the apparatus was performed, and the hydrothermal conditions, which was similar to these for the autoclave of batch type, were achieved.View full abstractDownload PDF (2326K) -
Hidehiko TAKAHATA, Tunemi KAWAMOTO, Kazutaka UMETSU1989 Volume 20 Issue 2 Pages 161-168
Published: November 24, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 4000L horizontal compartment type anaerobic digester was installed next to a stanchion barn at the Nitten experimental dairy farm and operated with dairy manure of about 8.97% total solids (TS) at 42.5°C. The loading rate was increased to 11.0g volatile solids (VS)/L·d. Feeding the digester at this loading rate established a retention time of 7.0 days. During the experiment, the biogas production rate rose transiently with high loading rates but it did not remain high. However, total volatile acids (TVA) did not build up, and the pH values were stable. The maximum total gas production was 2.4 L/L digester·d and maximum net gas production was 1.1 L/L digester·d at ambient air temperature of 0°C. Gas production based on VS destroyed ranged from 0.55 to 0.81L/g VS destroyed·d and VS loaded ranged from 0.21 to 0.25L/g VS loaded·d. The methane content of this gas averaged 56.3%. The biogas was used to heat the digester via a hot water circuit. The values for net biogas production were obtained by subtracting the biogas burnt in the boiler for hot water to heat the digester.View full abstractDownload PDF (4002K) -
Hiroshi SHIMIZU, Xingwu WU, Katsuhiko SATO, Yoshio NISHIYAMA, Toshinor ...1989 Volume 20 Issue 2 Pages 169-176
Published: November 24, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the problem of heat and mass transfer in the process of composting experiments which were done by ventilating the air from the bottom through deep layer of excrement of livestock or poultry. A computed estimation method for the process of this system was presented. Data of air temperature and material temperture in each layer were used to estimate the dry matter and water decreases. It was supposed that the ventilating air was always saturated, and that the sum of apparent heat rises of air and material and latent heat of vaporization was equal to the amount of heat produced by aerobic fermentation. After the heat leak from the wall was compensated, calculated and experimented values became so close that the computed estimation method was considered to be reliable. With this method, it became possible to know the characteristics of aerobic fermentation and drying process in detail as to the lapse of time such as decrease of dry matter, aerobic fermentation rate and moisture content.View full abstractDownload PDF (951K) -
Kazuhiko ABE, Makoto NARA1989 Volume 20 Issue 2 Pages 177-184
Published: November 24, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalyses of underground thermal effects in a hothouse have enabled the formulation of long-term heat conduction model for the Solar Green House, where Solar heat is stored in underground by heat exchangers laid in parallel under the floor of the hothouse.
A long-term characteristic formula for heat conduction was obtained. The formula makes the caluculation of long-term temperature variation in the Solar Green House possible. The results of experiments using an experimental Solar Green House having 200m2 in area proved the validity of the formula.View full abstractDownload PDF (1016K) -
On the Economic Production Quantity in Cyclamen Culture After due Consideration With Shipping PricesYoshihiro MARUYAMA1989 Volume 20 Issue 2 Pages 185-193
Published: November 24, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAssuming that the area of shelf can be utilized prior to the production of any other pot flower, six plans for the production of cyclamen as the pot flower in greenhouse were established in consideration of the range of size of gotten pots which are producible in the production of this pot flower, and the determination of the most economic production quantity was examined in the comparison from the aspect of earnisngs. In the process of cyclamen production at this time, the number of sowing is determined in such a way as the yielding percentage of seedlings in necessary quantity is obtained at the time of the first provisional planting. Furthermore, it is assumed that the quantity of seedling loss during the period of production after the first provisional planting is null and the rate of seedlings, which can be planted provisionally in the larger pots at the time of every provisional planting, is constant for the development of every seedling, and the range of size of gotten pots up to the time of shipping is determined within No. of 4.5, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10. Then, the shipping price of gotten pots is considered as a4.5, a5, a6, a7, , a8, and a10. From the results, planes of a4.5 to a7, a8 to a10, and a5 to a6 respectively, useful to the determination of the economic production quantity, were introduced for the production of cyclamen.View full abstractDownload PDF (1002K) -
Kazuhiko ABE, Makoto NARA1989 Volume 20 Issue 2 Pages 195-201
Published: November 24, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiurnal change of the thermal environment in a green house was modeled in a simplified equivalent circuit on the assumption of a periodic stationary state. By applying the AC (alternating current) theory to this model, a characteristic formula was derived for inside air, wall and soil temperature.
When the incident heat flow and the outside air temperature is given, this formula calculates the diurnal change of the room temperature and the earth temperature.
The formula was verified to the date obtained by a 200m2 test greenhouse.View full abstractDownload PDF (793K)
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