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Volume 42 (2011)
- Issue 4 Pages 155-
- Issue 3 Pages 83-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 42, Issue 4
Vol. 42, No. 4 (Ser. No. 132)
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Atsuo IKEGUCHI, Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA, Ryo NAKAKUBO2012 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 155-161
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIf Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) survives in compost or waste at a composting facility, it can spread to outside farms when the compost is turned. Therefore, it is important to investigate dispersion properties of aerosols caused by turning from a composting facility. And then water spraying was examined to inhibit dispersion as a countermeasure. The ratio of aerosol concentration at a certain distance from the facility to the concentration generated by turning inside the facility (dimensionless concentration) for all particle sizes was close to 0 at a distance greater than or equal to 40 m from the facility. Within 40 m the dimensionless concentration reduced as the distance was getting longer from the facility. The concentration of 0.3 μm ≤ aerosol diameter < 0.5 μm was the highest at 108 particles m-3 in the facility. An equation to predict aerosol concentration at any distance from a facility was deduced. Spraying was an effective measure to suppress the dispersion of aerosol, and the reduction rate was 90%.View full abstractDownload PDF (1080K) -
Gou NOGUCHI, Mariko MIYABE2012 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 162-170
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThis study was carried out using 46 three-way cross hybrid pigs. The effects of feeding pigs a diet with lysine content lower than required were examined during the fattening phase by measuring growth performance, amino acid composition and intramuscular fat content. Pigs were divided into two groups. Dietary protein and lysine content were 14.9 % and 0.75 % in the control group and 14.1 % and 0.52 % in the experimental group. Pig live weight increased from 65 kg to 110 kg. Daily gain and feed conversion were slightly inferior in the group fed a low lysine diet than the control group. The eye muscle area was signifi cantly lower in the low lysine group than the control group. The low lysine group’s fl esh color was somewhat pale when compared with the control group. Intramuscular fat in the loin eye muscle was signifi cantly higher in the low lysine group than the control group. Intramuscular fat accumulation was also higher in the lumbar section of the loin. Eighteen kinds of structural amino acids signifi cantly decreased in the low lysine group. The total free amino acid composition showed signifi cantly decreased levels of aspartic acid, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, lysine and arginine in the low lysine group. Stearic acid and palmitic acid were signifi cantly higher in the backfat of the low lysine group, but linoleic acid was signifi cantly lower in the control. From the above, we conclude that when the level of nutrients fall below the required Japanese feeding standard for swine, only low lysine causes increased intramuscular fat in the loin eye muscle, lower daily gain and decreased accumulation of structural amino acids in the muscle. Low lysine clearly affects the quality of meat.View full abstractDownload PDF (771K) -
SHOLAHUDDIN, Keo INTABON, Takaaki SATAKE2012 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 171-177
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIndonesia is home of approximately 19 million ha of peat soils, where sago palm can grow well without intensive input as other crops do. Due to the increasing of international oil price, Indonesian governments stated national policy to have bioethanol in fuel mixture which may be achieved from sago starch. However, the efficiency of sago starch extraction process is still not adequate. In order to extract 1 kg of starch, 0.6 kg dry matter residue (31% starch and 40% fi ber) will be generated and disposed as polluting materials to the environment. In this study, sago extraction residue (SER) was used for bioethanol production through simultaneous saccharifi cation and fermentation (SSF). The microorganisms involved during SSF experiments were Aspergillus awamori, Trichoderma reesei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bioethanol produced on SSF was 10.9 and 10.4 g/l from 50 g/l of SER solution at cocultures of A. awamori and S. cerevisiae, and cocultures of A. awamori, T. reesei, and S. cerevisiae, respectively. The starch utilization of the SER was about 88%. The fiber was only 5% converted to bioethanol due to the low cellulase activity produced by T. reesei on cocultures. However, the overall results indicated sago extraction residue was a good substrate as bioethanol feedstock.View full abstractDownload PDF (923K) -
Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA, Ryo NAKAKUBO, Masahisa OOTAKE, Toshizou FUJII, Hiro ...2012 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 178-187
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSA pre-cooling system for raw milk was developed using a heat pump and an ice builder that employs a natural refrigerant, i.e., CO2; in addition, tests were conducted to evaluate the energy balance, thermal effi ciency, and other performance parameters of the system. The developed system recovers the waste heat, generated by the formation of ice in the ice builder, in the form of hot water (around 85°C). The hot water can be utilized to wash bulk cooler tanks and milk pipelines. The system was installed by two farmers in Tochigi prefecture. It had a heat exchanger effectiveness of approximately 45-79 %, and its deployment resulted in an annual reduction in energy consumption, running cost, and CO2 exhaust tonnage of approximately 34-49 %, 19-39 % (90 000-140 000 Yen), and 21-40 %, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1193K) -
Kenji NEKOMOTO, Shinji HOSHIBA, Koki TAKAHASHI, Taizo UCHIDA, Saori KA ...2012 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 188-192
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe aim of this study was to investigate the current situations of wastewater from milking center at dairy farms in order to propose the low-cost treatment systems for purifying wastewater. From the investigation on handlings, treatment processes and conditions of the effl uent from milk house or milking parlor at all dairy farms (199 farms) in H town, the treatment processes of wastewater have been classified into five groups according to the manure contamination into drain water and the settling tanks installing. As this classifi cation, 18 samples of wastewater obtained from 15 milking centers were chemically analyzed. From these analytical results, the effective measures of wastewater treatment for dairy farms in H town need to be considered. Drain water from milking parlor at 20 % of free stall dairy barns were seriously polluted by manure. On the other hand, in almost all milk houses at tie stall dairy barns, drain water was not contaminated by manure, and some drain water passed through the settling tanks conformed to the effl uent standards. The factors determining the degree of water pollution were revealed as the mixing rates of manure to drain water of milking center. From the result mentioned above, the wastewater without manure contamination in milking center would not be polluted seriously and could be treated by simple pulifi ed systems. To reduce the pollution caused by wastewater from milking center in H town, separation of manure from drain water and using low-cost treatment systems such as overfl ow type some settling tanks or artifi cial wetland seems to be more practical compared with using some costly purifi cation systems such as membrane based biological treatment processes.View full abstractDownload PDF (948K) -
Hideki MORIYAMA, Masahisa ISHII, Limi OKUSHIMA, Sadanori SASE2012 Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 193-200
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: August 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSNumerous pipe-framed greenhouses (referred to as “pipe houses” hereafter) were damaged by the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami off the Pacifi c Coast of Tohoku and Kanto districts. We surveyed damaged pipe houses in Miyagi Prefecture and classifi ed the damage characteristics from the Tsunami. Near the Pacifi c coast, the strength of pipe houses could not withstand the Tsunami forces acting on them. At locations several km inland from the coast, pipe houses would be destroyed by the force of the Tsunami driven water and debris where they were not constructed in an area protected by some energy dissipaters such as an embankment. Where the energy dissipaters provide suffi cient protection or the static water pressure on the side of pipe house is eliminated, pipe house failure is avoided. Pipe house showing water marks at levels up to 160 cm in height did not collapse as long as water was able to enter inside the pipe house immediately. This concept can also be applied to the measure of fl ooding in other areas. Where measurements for salt injury and contamination of soil by the marine sludge sedimentation, which include heavy metals, are high, high-bench cultivation is one of the most effective options for production.View full abstractDownload PDF (1622K)
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