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Volume 37 (2006)
- Issue 4 Pages 173-
- Issue 3 Pages 107-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 37, Issue 2
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Hirakazu SEKI2006 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 51-60
Published: September 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA stochastic model was proposed for in-vessel composting processes under the non-stirred conditions, considering the inhomogeneity of three state variables, that is, content of organic compounds, moisture content, and temperature. Using the value of a stochastic quantum ε (unit of discrete change in stochastic variables) estimated on the basis of the experimental results of the temperature inhomogeneity, spatial variations of organic materials and moisture content were estimated by the model. The estimated results of them agreed well with the experimental results at the end of the experiments, and the validity of the proposed model was confirmed. It was theoretically predicted that the value of ε becomes smaller and spatial inhomogeneity is smaller when the airflow rate is set as small as possible within a permitted condition for the success of the process. On the other hand, when the value of ε is too large, probability of the breakdown of the composting process would become higher.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
The calculation of the reusable heat in carbonizationShintaroh OHASHI, Kazuhiro NAKANO, Sadao SATOU, Tadao NAKAYA2006 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 61-69
Published: September 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeat balance of the charcoal kilns was calculated based on the measurement of temperature variations within the kilns. Temperature in kilns of two kinds of carbonization methods, (one is ODC, One Day Carbonization; the other is TDC, Two Days Carbonization), was measured, and the reusable heat of those methods were compared. The results are as follows:
(1) In TDC, the carbonization cycle is 72 hours, the carbon yield is 15% of raw wood and the maximum temperature of carbonization is 950°C; and in ODC, those values are 43 hours, 10% and 940°C, respectively.
(2) The heating rate in the pyrolysis stage of ODC is 0.47°C·min-1 faster than that of TDC. It plays an important role on the charcoal harvest of ODC lower than that of TDC.
(3) According to the results of heat balance analyses in the kilns, the amount of exhaust heat out of TDC is 54.9% of total heat. on the other hand, that of ODC is 49.9%.
(4) The reusable heat per unit time of ODC is 70% higher than that of TDC. From that, the heat supply of ODC is more stable than that of TDC for heating greenhouse in snowy cold area.
(5) The reusable heat per input wood from TDC is more effective than that from ODC based on the heat balance analyses.
From these results, it is available to reuse the heat exhausted out of the charcoal kilnView full abstractDownload PDF (962K) -
Mitsuhiko KATAHIRA, Satoru SAITO2006 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 71-76
Published: September 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn response to both consumers and producers wishes for more easily cut vegetable binding tape, we have developed an improved tape with 10mm slits at 10mm intervals. The improved tape had sufficient strength at different temperatures, and there was no difference in ultimate strength load or proportional limit load-even after 36 days of storage. The tape's storage performance was, therefore, equal to that of conventional vegetable binding tape. A survey of producers using the new tape showed that the tape's actual performance was at least equal to that of conventional tape, and a survey of consumers elicited higher evaluations of its performance over conventional tape. Consumers indicated that the new tape could be a factor in their purchasing choices.View full abstractDownload PDF (584K)
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