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Volume 28 (1997 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 193-
- Issue 3 Pages 125-
- Issue 2 Pages 53-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 28, Issue 4
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Takaaki SATAKE, Tatsumi FURUYA, Yoshiyuki MINAMI, Fumio TACHIBANA1998 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 193-201
Published: March 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOptimum design of swine feed formulations were carried out using a genetic algorithm in the C language. Twenty different rations of feed ingredients such as corn, grain sorghum, soybean meal, cassava tuber and others were designed under constraint conditions of specified nutrient contents. Examples of the nutrient contents utilized were crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, total digestive nutrition and calcium.
The genetic algorithm was used to minimize the cost of each specific ration. The nutrient content of each ration was based on previous swine breeding trials. Feed formula design simulations were carried out using a range of parameters such as the probability of mutation and population size of the genetic algorithm. Results of the formula optimization by the genetic algorithm were compared with results obtained from a linear programming model.
Based on this study, it was found that both simulations gave nearly equal results for rations of feed ingredients and nutrient contents. About 87% of the optimum designed feed formula corresponded to grain sorgum, corn, soybean meal and cassava tuber. On the other hand, differences of convergence process to optimal solutions due to population size and the probability of mutation were also cleared. This research shows that the genetic algorithm is capable of optimizing feed formulations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1144K) -
II. Relationship between Environmental Parameters and Plant GrowthShoji KOBAYASHI, Hideo SHIMAJI, Hideo IKEDA1998 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 203-208
Published: March 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe quantified the relationship between the environmental parameter and the growth rate of hydroponic tomatoes at different seasons of the year. The mean cumulative temperatures were, 1135.4°C from sowing to the first flowering, 1007.8°C from the first flowering to the first harvest and 346.8°C from the first harvest to the final harvest. During the season with higher solar radiation, the growing days was shorter and the cumulative temperature was lower. During the season with lower solar radiation, the growing days was longer and the cumulative temperature was higher. Growth rate was expressed by the summation of the daily average temperature corrected according to the accumulated solar radiation. The difference between the actual date and the predicted date by this method was about±2 days at each growth stage. The growing days in each monthly sowing was predicted by this method based on the weather data of the last 6 years. Annual cropping models of single-truss tomatoes could be planned by combining the predicted growing days for several seasons.View full abstractDownload PDF (2043K) -
A Comparison of Characteristics from Batch OperationYoshiaki KIMURA, Kazutaka UMETSU, Hidehiko TAKAHATA1998 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 209-216
Published: March 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study evaluated the effects of temperature on the methane yield and production rate in 1L batch digesters. Two trials were conducted using both substrates of pre-digested dairy manure slurry from a high loading continuously fed digester and raw dairy manure slurry. Digester temperature were 42.5, 35, 20, 15, 10 and 5°C.
The results showed that the methane yield was drastically lower for temperatures below 20°C. The methane production rate increased as the digester temperature was increased and an exponential relationship was obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (866K) -
Jiao Yan LIU, Takayuki KOJIMA, Munehiro TANAKA, Izumi TATARA1998 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 217-224
Published: March 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJapanese pear (Pyrus serotina var. culta ‘Housui’) grown in Imari district of Saga prefecture has been used as specimen in the present study. The vibration test in the laboratory was carried out under identical conditions as those in highway trucks equipped with refrigeration units, which commute between Saga and Osaka.
For the storage test, fruits were stored at 0°C, 10°C and 90% relative humidity. The influence on Brix, acid, weight loss, mechanical properties and peel color were measured.
Brix, acid and mechanical properties were found to decrease with increased storage temperature and storage period. Under this condition weight loss was found to increase and peel color became darker. All of these properties significantly upon the whether they were subjected to vibration, were discriminated by the near infrared spectroscopy method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1002K) -
Wen Qi LI, Takaaki MAEKAWA, Zhen Ya ZHANG1998 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 225-232
Published: March 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of fixed-bed packed with rock wool on anaerobic fermentation using a synthetic wastewater containing acetic acid was investigated by comparing with the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) operated at 35°C. The following results were obtained:
1. The substrate removal ratio in the fixed-bed fermentor were always higher than those of CSTR under the same conditions. MLVSS and the rate of produced methane gas in the fixed-bed fermentor at the dilution rate between 0.2 and 2 (1/day) were always higher than those of CSTR on the 0.2 (1/day) of dilution rate.
2. The bacteria living in the zone of the fixed-bed were attached to the rock wool and trapped between the rock wool. The density of the latter being about four times as much as that of the former.
3. The rock wool as fixed-bed increased the buffer ability for pH in the liquid of the fixed-bed fermentor.
4. A 32% (v/v) of rock wool as the fixed-bed could make operation conditions suitable for methanogens and might improve the performance of anaerobic wastewater treatment process.View full abstractDownload PDF (942K)
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