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Volume 29 (1998 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 175-
- Issue 3 Pages 101-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 29, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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A Characteristics of Dairy Slurry for CEDYoshiaki KIMURA, Kazutaka UMETSU, Hidehiko TAKAHATA1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 101-108
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to clarify the temperature effect of continuously expanding anaerobic digester (CED) for raw dairy slurry at temperatures of 15, 20, 35 and 42.5°C using bench size digesters.
The results were summarized as follows:
1. There were no significant differences between 20, 35 and 42.5°C in the methane concentration.
2. Methane yield at 35°C digester was higher than other temperature (15, 20 and 42.5°C) digesters.View full abstractDownload PDF (784K) -
Characteristics of anaerobic digested dairy slurry for CEDYoshiaki KIMURA, Kazutaka UMETSU, Hidehiko TAKAHATA1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 109-116
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to clarify the temperature effect of Continuously expanding anaerobic digester (CED) for anaerobic digester dairy slurry from continuously flow anaerobic digestion (CFD). Temperature dependency was compared CED mono system with CFD-CED combined system.
The results were summarized as follows:
1. There were no significant differences between anaerobic digested dairy slurry and raw dairy slurry in methane concentration.
2. Methane yield of CFD+CED combined system was higher than CED mono system.View full abstractDownload PDF (730K) -
Detection of Blood Spots in Eggs Using Image ProcessingKazuhiro NAKANO, Jun MIZUTANI, Yasuo OHTSUKA1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 117-123
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a method that can blood spots in eggs using an image processing system, instead of the usual candling method, which uses the naked eye. Blood spots are the usual blood spots, meat spots and the red colored pigment of feed that is left in eggs. The experimental procedure consists of egg shell image extraction from a background image. Then the decision of blood spots for each pixel and blood spots extraction from the entire egg image.
The experiment was done on fresh white eggs. The results are summarized as follows:
1. It is impossible to detect blood spots in eggs using color components (R, G, B).
2. It is proved that the threshold value, g=0.29, from the chromatic component (r, g, b) is suitable for detection of blood spots in eggs.
3. Blood spot smaller than 1mm in diameter cannot be detected in this method.
4. The method to detect blood spots which was developed in this study showed the same detection ratio, 95% or more, for every experimental period.View full abstractDownload PDF (1815K) -
Kiyonori HAGA, Takashi OSADA, Yasuo HARADA, Toshihiko IZAWA, You NISHI ...1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 125-130
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chemical constituents of the anaerobic portion in a compost pile of cattle wastes were investigated. Cattle feces were mixed with sawdust at a mixing ratio of 4:1 to keep the moisture content at about 75% and piled up conically on the floor with weekly turning. At the first week's turning, we found out the anaerobic portion at the bottom of the compost pile cross section. Because of the insufficient supply of oxygen, an accumulation of volatile fatty acids and phenolic acids 6 times those in the starting materials was observed in the anaerobic portion which had matured less than the aerobic portion. It is important to keep compost piles in an aerobic state and prevent the formation of an anaerobic portion in order to control offensive odors and to produce good-quality compost.View full abstractDownload PDF (2327K) -
Combination Effects of Flotation and UV-C on the Inactivation of Water Bloom ParticlesTakaaki MAEKAWA, Keo INTABON, Kazuo FUJITA1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 131-136_1
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeparation of water bloom particles from liquid phases by different types of floatation with aids of coagulants as well as their inactivation by treatments with ozone and ultraviolet light of C zone (UV-C) were studied. With the aids of poly aluminum chloride (PAC) or ferric chloride, separation rates of water bloom particles by flotation were about 99.75% and 96.70% on the basis of suspended solids (SS) and chlorophyll a (chl. a), respectively. UV-C showed higher inactivation effect over ozone, and UV-C effect was enhanced significantly by mixing and ultrasonic wave treatments on water samples before the UV-C treatment.
It is suggested that complete inactivation of bloom particles might be possible with UV-C treatment if water phase were treated beforehand by a flotation system.View full abstractDownload PDF (624K) -
Configuration Factors of a 65kg Pig to Rectangular Planes and Comparisons to a 27kg PigMasayoshi MINOWA1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 137-149
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe radiation configuration factors of a pig are essential for evaluating radiation exchange rate between the pig body and surrounding objects. In this study, a surface-model was used in order to obtain the configuration factors based on the pig body shape. The surface-model was a three-dimensional graphic pig with 8838 surface-mounted triangular patches. This polyhedric surface-model had been generated from data obtained by three-dimensional shape measurement of a stuffed and standing pig with a live weight of 65kg. The configuration factors of the surface model pig to rectangular planes were numerically calculated by computer graphics and the law of solid-angle projection. The method of numerical integration was also used to calculate them.
The percentage errors of calculated configuration factors were estimated to be less than 1% by the law of summation for configuration factors and the law of propagation of errors. The figures for determining configuration factors of a 65kg pig to rectangular planes on the wall or the ceiling were presented as a function of one side length in the plane with the other side length and the normal distance between the plane and the pig as paremeters. The diagrams for configuration factors to rectangular planes on the floor in direct contact with or below the bases of the hooves were also presented in the same way. The maximum configuration factor difference between a 27 (reported in the previous papers) and a 65kg pigs was about ten percent for the same plane.View full abstractDownload PDF (1607K) -
Hisashi KOWATA, Yoshikazu SATO, Kazuya MIYAMA1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 151-158
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the procedure for the basic design of a commercial-scale ice pond refrigeration system which manufactures a relatively large volume of ice in the winter, and also refrigerates a storage building by heat exchange between the ice-cooled water and the air during the summer. The system was designed to store 180 metric tons of potatoes until next July following the harvest at Tokachi, Hokkaido. The cooling load on the storage building was calculated from the climatic data, and the expected height and thermal properties of the ice volume were estimated by using formulae based on experiments. Subsequently, the cooling power, the required number of fan coil units, and the dimensions of the ice volume were determined. The total cooling load of 75GJ, and the maximum cooling power of 13kW produced 1200m3 ice pond of 26m in length, 18m in width, and 3.5m in depth.View full abstractDownload PDF (2464K) -
Limi OKUSHIMA, Sadanori SASE, Takaaki MAEKAWA, Atsuo IKEGUCHI1998 Volume 29 Issue 3 Pages 159-167
Published: December 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA wind tunnel experiment was carried out to investigate the airflow field in a single span Venlo type greenhouse with wind force effect. The airflow patterns were visualized under the conditions of different eaves height or ventilator openings. The results showed very complex airflow pattern.
When the first windward ventilators were open, the inflow through the first windward ventilators performed a recirculating flow in the greenhouse. When the first ventilators were closed, there was no recirculating flow and the inside distribution of velocities were lower. In case of the heigh eaves (4m height), the horizontal component of inflow through the first windward ventilators was smaller than in case of traditional lower eaves (3m height).
The first windward ventilator opening was most influent on the airflow pattern in the greenhouse and the next influent opening was the leeward ventilator. The second and third windward opening ventilators had less influence on inside airflow. The inflow velocities were about 0.6ms-1 at the first windward ventilator either when the except ventilators were open or close. Directions of inflow or outflow through the openings were different at the front face or side face of each ventilators except the first windward ventilator.View full abstractDownload PDF (4557K)
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