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Volume 46 (2015)
- Issue 4 Pages 82-
- Issue 3 Pages 65-
- Issue 2 Pages 39-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 46, Issue 4
Vol. 46, No. 4 (Ser. No. 147)
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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-Thermogenic Properties at Various Moisture Contents, and Effects of Adding Seeding Compost on Composting Dehydration-Mio YOKOE, Yoichiro KOJIMA, Koichi AMAHA, Yoshiyuki ABE, Yuichi KOBAYA ...2015 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 82-89
Published: 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSSoft biomass such as weeds from urban areas and levee slopes harvested with a high-moisture content are not normally suitable for recycling. But if this soft biomass is dehydrated, it can be used as solid fuel. In order to dehydrate and recycle high-moisture soft biomass, we tested a composting dehydration technique currently used to compost animal wastes. In this study, we conducted weed composting experiments using small- and medium-scale composting reactors (volume: 14 L and 431 L). We investigated the effect of moisture content on thermogenic properties in the early stages of composting; we also investigated the effect that adding seeding compost had on composting characteristics such as thermogenic properties and decomposition rate of organic matter. When the moisture content of the weed was less than 30 %w.b., there was very little rise in temperature and the heat production rate of the weed was low. Therefore, it was not possible to dehydrate the weed to a moisture content of less than 30 %w.b.. The rise in weed temperature during composting occurred earlier when seeding compost was added than when it was not added, and then adding seeding compost accelerated the decomposition rate of organic matter. Adding seeding compost is therefore effective in facilitating and accelerating composting dehydration of soft biomass materials.View full abstractDownload PDF (4266K) -
Yuichi OHASHI, Takaaki SATAKE2015 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 90-100
Published: 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSJICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Tsukuba International Center has implemented a continuous human resource development scheme of technical cooperation through Farm mechanization training (FMT) courses since 1964. This has formed part of an on-going ODA commitment and is subject to the administrative officials and agricultural engineers from representative for developing countries. This study was undertaken with the aim of supporting future development of the FMT courses. The surveys were conducted for participants after their return to verify the impact of the FMT courses on agricultural mechanization in developing countries. After years of study, it was confirmed that the participants transferred their knowledge and technology, acquired during FMT courses. To elucidate the mechanisms by which knowledge and technology transfers activities in developing countries occurred by participants, the authors considered the information via four transfer types based on farm mechanization promotion levels in developing countries. Moreover, it was found that one important factor generated was the development of an informal network (FMK-net: Farm mechanization knowledge network) between participants and experts in agricultural machinery through transfer activities. The creation of a network between FMK-net and the enterprises, together with FMT, was found to be one of efficient model for overseas expansion, especially for Japanese small and medium sized enterprises. This finding was based on the results of the visiting surveys and actual networking activities between FMK-net and the Enterprises. It is argued that these models can be used to help develop new types of knowledge and technology transfers in agricultural mechanization for developing countries.View full abstractDownload PDF (3161K) -
Toru HIJIKATA, Takaaki SATAKE2015 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 101-107
Published: 2015
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2023
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIn Japan, most grain related common facilities are built for drying and processing of grain, with Pool processing systems. The user is charged the costs based on the ratio of their individual volume of shipment and the total throughput. After the common facility receives the grain, the grain is sampled and dried with a test dryer. The costs are calculated after husking and sorting of the grain, so precision of the self-inspection device influences the cost of the grain processing. In this study, the performance of a self-inspection device newly developed for several kinds of grains was investigated. For paddy, wheat and large soybean, the recovery rate of whole grain from the whole grain pack greater than 97 %. This recovery rate is the ratio of the weight of whole grain in the samples and the weight of samples recovered from the whole grain pack. According to the inspection results, the precision of whole grain ratio and filtering ability of the self-inspection device of this study was almost equal to that of a conventional self-inspection device for one kind of grain. Therefore, the self-inspection device introduced in this study is feasible for actual use in cooperative grain drying processing facilities.View full abstractDownload PDF (1842K)
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