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Volume 27 (1996 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 195-
- Issue 3 Pages 111-
- Issue 2 Pages 47-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 27, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Tomoharu YAMAGUCHI, Yukuo ABE, Seiji YOKOTA, Yosiyuki OHTSUKA, Hiroyuk ...1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 111-119
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSalt accumulation in soils is one of the serious problems, particularly in greenhouse culture in Japan and all agricultural production in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. As a countermeasure to such salinization in soil, we have developed a new method to capture the salt accumulating on the soil surface with using “salt capturing device” attached on them. The device was composed of multi-layerd medical gauze, a vinyl sheet, and/or a gauze rolled and shaped like a stick. Some basic experiments were performed to use the soils having the differrent textures, under the several atmospheric environments in the laboratory. In this paper, basic characteristics for evaporation, solute transport, and the amount of salt captured on the devices, were discussed.
It is convenient to use the definition for the capturing effectiveness, as the ratio of the captured salt to the amount of salt transported to the soil surface during evaporation. The averaged effectiveness of the flat-sheet type, G5 and GS, were beyond about 80%, and the restricted evaporation type, using a thin vinyl sheet, had an effectiveness of over 90%, a value of which was independent of the soil texture and atmospheric environmental conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1124K) -
Akihiro TANAKA1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 121-127
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA negative ionization system was installed and evaluated in two identical swine grower/finisher rooms, an experiment and a control. A T-test was used to clarify the effect of the ionization system on three category particle counts with considerations of effects of the room temperature, relative humidity, ventilation, body mass of pigs and electrostatic voltage of the surface. From the result, there was a significant modified inhalable dust counts difference between the two rooms. Consequently, it was found that the ionization system decreased the modified inhalable dust counts significantly. Effects of ventilation and relative humidity on dust settling were not found in this study from the results of the T-test. However, the electrostatic voltage was considered as a factor which directly affects the modified inhalable dust counts in this study. Also, it was suspected that the efficiency of modified inhalable dust reduction decreased with the electrostatic voltage difference between the two rooms. The least square mean electrostatic voltage in the experimental room was 320V compared with 137V in the control room. The high electrostatic voltage in the experimental room did not present a hazard to operators but had an adverse effect on the dust setting.View full abstractDownload PDF (762K) -
Present condition of pig barn in respect of odor intensityNaoki Fkujyuu, Hirofumi Kawanishi, Morimasa Nagasima, Gab Soo Do1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 129-140
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAiming at grasping the present conditions of a pig barn, odor intensities inside and around the barn were assessed at several time in summer and winter and the relationship between the odor intensity and other environmental factors was investigated on the pig barn.
Concerning the time-course changes in the odor intensity, the minimum level was detected in the winter season, however, the mean level was found to be higher in summer than in winter. And the odor intensity was highest around 16 o'clock both in summer (49Hz) and winter (53Hz). The obtained data on the odor intensity and the other environmental factors were analyzed according to the multiple regression analysis method and the odor intensity was found to be significantly correlated with those factors in the barn. Inside the barn the temperature of the barn, absolute humidity and wind velocity influenced the odor intensity and so the intensity was high under the climate conditions of high temperature and humidity, whereas around the barn, the effects of wind velocity were large. Therefore, the area of which odor level exceeds the recognition threshold concentration (RTC) is apt to be increased in the leeward and decreased in the windward as an increase in wind velocity. Further, the present results indicate that the relationship between the specific odor intensity (the specific odor intensities was given the odor intensities around the born by the mean level of the odor intensities inside the born) and the wind velocity varies depending on a wind direction and a distance from the barn.View full abstractDownload PDF (1598K) -
I. Relationship between foliar temperature and electric potential of foliar surface in a tomato plantKeo Intabon, Takaaki MAEKAWA, Kotaro SATO1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 141-148
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFoliar biopotential arisen from a mini tomato plant versus its culture medium was monitored with the use of Beckman electrocardiography electrodes in comparing with the foliar temperature. Our goal was to develop an effective monitoring technique to apply for a better control system in Bioproduction factories.
Comparing with the leaf temperature, the foliar potential pattern under the light condition was very stable and clearly higher than that of the dark. It was also greatly increased by the addition of new nutrient solution to the culture medium. However, it then decreased and reached its original level about 72hrs after the addition of new solution. Hence, the monitoring of the foliar potential of the plant material against its culture medium might be a useful technique observing the physiological activities of plants as well as their culture solution conditions under controlled environmental atmosphere.View full abstractDownload PDF (833K) -
Shigenori MAEZAWA, Koichi AKIMOTO1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 149-154
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the possibility that the electric conductivity of low temperature-sensitive fruits would be an index of chilling injury, we measured continuously the development of surface pitting, the electric conductivity and the rate of electrolytes leakage in cucumber fruit during storage at 2°C for 8 days.
1. Surface pittings in the cucumber fruits appeared by day 4 or 5 and then increased gradually in subsequent storage period. Electric conductivity tended to increase on a parallel with development of pitting. The highest conductivity value in 15mm depth was found among three measurement position in the fruit.
2. The rate of electrolyte leakage in placenta tissues incrased by day 3. On the other hand, the rate of leakage in parenchyma tissues increased by day 4, and the pattern of this change was closely related to the change in development of pitting.
3. Temperature conditioning during storage at 2°C prevented both the occurrence of chilling injury and the increasing of electric conductivity of the fruit after conditioning.
The results of this study suggest that electric conductivity of cucumber fruit relates closely with chilling injury and would be an index related with occurrence of chilling injury.View full abstractDownload PDF (655K) -
Effective Radiation Area of a Pig Based on the Surface-ModelMasayoshi MINOWA1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 155-161
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs with the configuration factor, the effective radiation area of a pig is necessary for the estimation of radiation exchange rate between the pig body and surrounding objects. The effective radiation areas of polyhedric surface-model pigs, which were 27, 65 and 88kg in live weight, in a standing posture and represented by the three-dimensional coordinates of many triangular patches, were numerically calculated by the computer graphics technique and the law of solid-angle projection.
The effective radiation areas of 27, 65 and 88kg surface-model pigs were 0.748, 1.24 and 1.72m2 respectively. The ratios of the effective radiation area to the total pig surface area were respectively 0.93, 0.94 and 0.94. The ratios appeared to be almost constant and independent of the physical dimensions of surface-model pigs.View full abstractDownload PDF (735K) -
effect of duct length on airflow distributionLimi OKUSHIMA, Sadanori SASE, Takeo SHINA, Toshio OHTANI1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 163-171
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAirflow field in a storage house was simulated by isothermal k-ε type 2-equation turbulent model. The air was blown into the storage house from the duct on the ceiling, and out to the duct on the wall. The results showed complex airflow distribution which consisted of circulated flow from ceiling→side wall→floor to symmetry plane and flow to the inlet of the duct. The air distribution patterns differed with the length of inlet duct. The height of the inlet duct did not affect the airflow pattern significantly. However, the space where the velocity energy was less than 0.1m2/s2 was smallest when the inlet duct was at half the height of the storage house. Particles which mass was as same as the air were added into the flow field to investigate the removal of contaminants. Remains of particles were fewer in the case of shorter inlet duct, as well as the outlet duct closer to the floor.View full abstractDownload PDF (3300K) -
Hisashi KOWATA, Yoshikazu SATO, Gensho ISHII1996 Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 173-180
Published: December 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ice pond system manufactures large volumes of ice with the cold of winter, and during the warm season refrigerates a storage building by way of heat exchange between ice-cooled water and air. Five potato varieties were stored for nine months using this system. Changes in the storage environment and potato tuber quality were investigated.
The storage was refrigerated using an ice pond from the end of March, and the storage environment was maintained at 2°C and 92-98% relative humidity till the end of July. There was no sprouting of any variety, and the weight loss and the decrease in hardness of potato tubers were very small, well within acceptable values. Cooking quality of stored potatoes was quite good and the sweetness increased because of the increased reducing sugar content resulting from long-term cold storage. Furthermore, both the degree of blacking after cooking and that of browning after peeling of potato tubers were low compared with normal temperature storage. The experiment has proven that long-term potato storage with an ice pond system is feasible.View full abstractDownload PDF (4557K)
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