Water to water heat pumps for heating and cooling with a geothermal source and two storages, (one for cool and one for warm), have been compared to dedicated systems with a single storage for either heating or cooling. Four locations have been considered for one common, relatively energy efficient greenhouse type. These systems have very similar capacity for either heating or cooling as a single storage system for either heating or cooling alone. Adding a second storage enables the same heat pump and heat exchanger system to provide similar levels of heating and cooling as separate systems would. Also a system with only two larger storages but no geothermal source can meet some of the cooling needs and most or even all of the heating need if the cooling set points are low enough. All of the systems increase the number of hours the greenhouse can be kept closed without ventilation.

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Odors from fermentation reactors are conducted into deodorization reactors which install the stabilized cattle manure compost in the compost deodorization system for deodorizing the odor during composting cattle manure. The stabilized cattle manure compost in the deodorization reactors has the ability to adsorb the odor from composting, and the main substance of the odor from composting is ammonia. The adsorbent is required to replace when the compost in the deodorization reactors is saturated by ammonia. It is desired to convert the adsorbed ammonia by compost into odor-less material to sustain the deodorization effect for a long period of time and to avoid the volatilization of ammonia. The present study evaluated the stabilization of ammonia absorbed by the approximately one-year-old cattle manure compost and identifies the effects of additives such as activated sludge and finished compost on nitrification and organification of ammonia in compost. For that purpose, the effect of two kinds of additives viz. activated sludge (at 5 %, 10 % and 20 % based on weight) and finished cattle manure compost (at 10 %, 20 % and 30 % based on weight) on the stabilization of ammonium in the compost was compared. The large amounts of ammonium nitrogen were decreased within 3 d and the reduction rates were ranged from 81.4 % to 87.5 %. However, there were no significant differences among the treatments as well with control. The activated sludge additive had the highest oxidation rate among the treatments, and it had about 3.0 times greater rate than the control. The sum of the nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents for the activate sludge additive treatment and finished compost additive treatments were uniformly increased up to 14 ds (114.7 % to 225.3 %), regardless of 134.8 % up to 49 d for the control, since the treatments can accelerate nitrification. After 21 or 28 d, the nitrite and nitrate nitrogen were changed to organic nitrogen by the finished compost additive treatments, indicating less susceptibility of underground water pollution. In present study, 10 % of ingredients in the finished cattle manure compost seemed to have sufficient effects for the conversion of adsorbed ammonia to organic nitrogen, and was evaluated as the suitable treatment to produce the adsorbent compost for the compost deodorization system.

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