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Volume 25 (1994 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 175-
- Issue 3 Pages 125-
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Volume 25, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Toshinori KIMURA, Naoto SHIMIZU, Tooru SHIMOHARA, Jiro WARASHINA1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 175-182
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, new evaluation methods, the Near Infrared Analysis (NIR) and Rapid Visco Analysis (RVA) were applied to parboiled rice and other indica type rice for the purpose of establishment of quick and easy measurement of rice quality in developing countries.
The second derivative spectrums of NIR at the 1780, 2210 and 2280nm wave lengths showed a strong correlation with the severity of the parboiling process. The wave length of 1780nm seemed to be dominant among them, since the second derivative spectrum had high correlation with the maximum viscosity of gelatinized rice flour solution obtained from RVA.
The parameters of RVA viscograms also identified the severity of the parboiling process and the difference in variety. It was confirmed that the RVA can provide almost the same information as those by Amylograph (Kimura et al, 1976).View full abstractDownload PDF (809K) -
Tihomir KATARDJIEV, Kengo WATANABE, Seishu TOJO, Manzo UCHIGASAKI, Fus ...1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 183-189
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnergy consumption during the transplanting process of pulling seedling blocks downwards for seven different types of open-bottom trays providing air-pruning at the open bottom was studied. Two factor levels of strength and two factor levels of water content of the peat-soil mix were tested. All experiments were carried out first without seedlings, immediately after loading the potting medium, and secondly with Chinese cabbage seedlings after a 40 day growing period. A tray cell that did not taper upwards consumed nearly 12 times more suction energy per unit area than a tray cell that tapered upwards.View full abstractDownload PDF (793K) -
Lilik Pujantoro, Tohru SHIGA, Takahiro SAITO, Yoshiaki IBA1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 191-199
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis research work investigated the effect of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide atmosphere on the respiration rate and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity that were the main factors in fresh shiitake quality decay. Fresh Shiitakes were stored in CA conditions conducted in 2 research periods, i. e. CO2: 20% mix to O2: 10%, 5%, and 1%; and O2: 1% mix to CO2: 5%, 10%, and 15%; normal air treatment as control, and temperature 0°C and 5°C.
Decreasing O2 concentration to 1% and/or increasing CO2 to 20% decreased the respiration rate more than normal air during storage period. Both of given gas treatments were either the lower the O2 concentration or the higher the CO2 concentration the lower the respiration rates. Moreover RQ was founded close to 1 in normal air treatment after first fifth day, however RQ was less than 1 for given gas treatment. PPO Activity increased in normal air and decreased in gas treatments during storage. Discrimination of CO2 concentrations in constant low O2 concentration have firm effect on PPO activity in fresh shiitakes than that's discrimination of O2 in high CO2 concentration. Given gas treatments hold real pH of fresh shiitake did not decrease during storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (2342K) -
Dehumidifier's Performance in Dehumidification Bin Drying System and its Climatic EvaluationYoshio NISHIYAMA, Tadahiro YAMAMOTO, Satoru IMAIDA1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 201-208
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Japan, the number of newly constructed rice drying facilities, utilizing dehumidified bin drying system has increased. This is so even in the cool district where it is doubtful whether the dehumidifier works effectively. There were no evaluation methods available to make a climatic guide line for the dehumidification rice drying system. In this report, we propose the coefficient of performance (C. O. P.) of dehumidifier as an evaluation criterion. We found that the rate of dehumidification can be expressed in terms of inlet air conditions. From the estimation expression of dehumidified water, we obtained the values of C. O. P. of dehumidifier and equilibrium moisture content of air, as functions of air temperature and humidity.View full abstractDownload PDF (842K) -
Juzo MATSUDA, Akinori TAKEKAWA, Jun-ichi HIMOTO1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 209-214
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe use of a new dairy cattle manure management system, consisting of manure separation and slurrigation (irrigation with manure slurry) is increasing across Hokkaido. Manure is separated into solid and liquid components. The solid component is decomposed quickly, and becomes mature compost. The liquid slurry is decomposed and deodorized through aeration, and then it is used for slurrigation.
In this study, about 250m3 of slurry were aerated either continuously or intermittently in a 360m3 reactor. The decomposition of organic matter in the slurry was greater when continuous aeration was used than when intermittent aeration was done.
Dairy farmers introducing the slurrigation system observed the following benefits:
1) environmental improvement of barn surroundings;
2) increased grass yield;
3) reduced labor requirements, and,
4) reduced need for chemical fertilizers.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
Zhen Ya ZHANG, Takaaki MAEKAWA1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 215-222
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethane production from H2 and CO2 was carried out with acclimated-methanogens in 2 (L) jar fermentor in continuous feed substrate gas (H2/CO2, 80:20v/v) at pH7 and 37°C. A high cell density of methanogens and high methane productivity were obtained by optimizing the nutritional conditions of acclimated-methanogens. With the case of reactor having sufficient mass transfer capacity of substrate gas (H2/CO2) from gas phase to the liquid and fully nitrogen and sulfur source for the growth of methanogens, cell density and methane production rate were only dependent on the trace metals solution concentration added to the medium. By using the optimized HC-medium, the cell density, 26g/L and methane production rate, 21.5L/Lh were obtained respectively. These results are high by contrast with that of a pure culture or a mixed culture using CSTR or cell fixed reactor have been reported. Effects of NH4+ and vitamin on the growth of methanogens were investigated using stopped culture tube and Fe2+ and Mg2+ were found as limiting factor for growth of methanogens. Also, the effects of amount of NH4+ and trace metals solution added to the medium on the growth of methanogens was strongly depended on the cell density of methanogens.View full abstractDownload PDF (940K) -
Information about Mechanical Properties of Articular ComponentsTakaaki SATAKE, Tomoharu YAMAGUCHI, Yuji OHKANEMASA, Go NOGUCHI, Fumio ...1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 223-230
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo decrease the incidence of leg weakness which occurs frequently in domestic animals and poultry, a series of studies on the effects of feed factors such as nutrients and that level on the mechanical and physical properties of articular components and bone shaft of swine femur were carried out.
Furthermore, the effects of feed factors on the pathogenesis of osteochondrosis and osteoarthrosis were also investigated.
As a first step of the studies, indentation tests to analyse the mechanical properties of abnormal and normal articular components, were carried out using an articular cartilage-cancellous bone composite of swine femur. values for the indentation strength of the composite in swine about 2 to 6 months old ranged approximately from 22 to 34N/mm2. On the other hand, the values for the indentation strength of the abnormal composite with osteochondrosis and/or osteoarthrosis lesions were lower and ranged approximately from 16 to 23N/mm2, indicating that the support function of body weight has decreased.
Moreover, it was demonstrated that the apparent modulus of elasticity of the composite increased with time and that the femur head became gradually harder.View full abstractDownload PDF (940K) -
Takashi UENO, Hideo TANAKA, Takaaki MAEKAWA1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 231-237
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rotating drum reactor with a novel temperature control system was developed for solid state fermentation and the reactor was used for glucoamylase production from potato processing waste. The substrate temperature was maintained below set point by evaporative cooling to remove excess metabolic heat and in this way, the moisture content of the substrate was maintained within the desired range during the cultivation. Contrary to moisture content increase which disturbed uniform mixing of substrate on non-controlled culture, the uniform mixing was achieved on the culture using temperature control system. Doubling the quantity of substrate in the reactor did not affect the productivity of glucoamylase. The above results imply that this system has great potential for large scale processes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2296K) -
Kazuhiko ABE, Masahito SUZUKI1995 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 239-243
Published: March 25, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMelon culture was tested in a greenhouse covered with light-transmissive and thermally insulated walls, and compared to cultures grown in a plastic (PVC) house. The differences in the plant growth between these two types of houses were observed as follows.
1) In the new greenhouse, plants grew a little faster in the early days, leaves became larger, and stems were slenderer than in the PVC house.
2) Weight, netting, and the amount of sugar in the fruits were improved in the new green house over the PVC House, if the description of the seeds suited the greenhouse.
3) The more reinforcing the light concentration by a reflector effect on the north wall inside the greenhouse, the better the fruit cultivation in the winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (571K)
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