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Volume 35 (2004 - 200･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 197-
- Issue 3 Pages 149-
- Issue 2 Pages 75-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 35, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Atsushi ODA, Akira OIDA2004 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 149-156
Published: December 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAuthors have been studied to clear characteristics of pretreated wheat bran as a typical fibrous biomass for a substrate of methane fermentation and conducted some experiments under various conditions in order to exchange biomass into energy through methane fermentation. In this paper, untreated wheat bran was selected for decreasing cost and labor of pretreatment. The objective in this paper was to clear characteristics of untreated wheat bran in detail in order to maintain the steady operation through continuous methane fermentation. As a result, the maximum organic loading rate was obtained about 2.5 [g-TS/L/day] to maintain the steady fermentation under mesophilic methane fermentation with 50L fermenter using untreated wheat bran. This value was much lower than that of obtained with 1L fermenter using pretreated wheat bran. The reason was considered to need more time for hydrolyzing untreated wheat bran and to give more harmful influences to bacteria with high organic loading rate. However, this value was about same as that of ordinary mesophilic methane fermentation using livestock manure. Therefore, it's cleared that methane fermentation is useful for energy conversion process from a fibrous biomass.View full abstractDownload PDF (2279K) -
Hong LI, Keo INTABON, Yutaka ISHIKAWA, Takaaki SATAKE, Takaaki MAEKAWA2004 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 157-164
Published: December 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs basic raw materials for the formation of biodegradable film, the protein extracted from okara is inferior due to less number in amino acids versus soy protein. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium silicate were tested to improve the nature of protein of this source.
Compared with the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate to the film forming solution, the addition of sodium silicate improved remarkably the physical properties of the produced films. From the fact that the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate to the film forming solution induced the formation of hydrophilic amino acids, while the addition of sodium silicate induced the formation of hydrophobic ones, it seems that the physical properties of the okara protein film were improved by the induction of these hydrophobic amino acids, mainly, the resistance to water vapor permeability.View full abstractDownload PDF (843K) -
Satoshi MINAKUCHI, Hisashi WATANABE, Tetsuro KAWASAKI2004 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 165-172
Published: December 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purposes of this study were to reveal problems in harvesting and shipping of carnations by a commercial grower in Ehime prefecture, and effects of low temperature storage on flower qualities, and to evaluate the adaptability of bud forcing treatment (Koyama and Uda 1994b) to accelerate in the rate of bud anthesis, designated as Bud Anthesis Acceleration (BAA), to regulation of the shipping.
The commercial grower stored a lot of carnations in the cold storage and shipped them before Mother's Day; consequently, the daily number of shipped carnations became 2.8 times as many as the mean throughout the shipping period. Many tight buds, which were equal to 14% of the annual number of shipped carnations, remained in the glasshouse immediately after Mother's Day.
Low temperature storage made the pink of the petals a less vivid hue, and changed the leaf coloration to yellowish green. One week storage at 1°C induced low temperature injury on the petals. One week storage at 5°C lowered the flower diameter of the fully opened carnation and vase life.
BAA remarkably shortened the period from bud stages to optimum stage for shipping. BAA did not change petal coloration, but made the greenness of the leaves vivid. BAA from stage 1 lowered the flower diameter. BAA was not effective in extension of vase life. These results indicated that BAA was extremely useful to regulate the shipping of carnations, but it was necessary to improve the treatment conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (5693K) -
Seishu TOJO, Hitoshi KATO, Kengo WATANABE, Takayuki HATTORI, Yoshiteru ...2004 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 173-180
Published: December 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA basic study on the emission of environmental load gasses in a life cycle of the livestock manure, from the excretion to the processing, was carried out. The environmental load gasses were measured in the collection process and treatment process of the manure for two types of livestock house and three types of manure treatments. The concentration of gasses collected with a chamber covering the object manure for a certain time was measured by gas chromatography. The emission rate of carbon dioxide and methane in the collection process of the manure in the free stall type house is 1.2-1.5 times greater than that in the stanchion stall house. In the digestion process of the biogas plant, the emission rate of the environmental load gasses was less than the other composting process. The emission of methane and ammonia from the solid of the digested slurry after solid-liquid separation was considerably remarkable.View full abstractDownload PDF (883K) -
Shinsuke FURUNO, Sadanori SASE, Masahisa ISHII2004 Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 181-188
Published: December 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe heat requirements were measured and compared between a four-span greenhouse with a melting snow system and a typical single-span greenhouse with no melting snow system. Generally, single-span greenhouses require no melting snow system because snow drops off naturally from the roofs by gravity.
The results for the four-span greenhouse showed that the provided heat by a heater for melting snow increased with an increase in snowfall, and there was a high correlation between them. The heat requirement per unit floor area of the four-span greenhouse was slightly less than that of the single-span greenhouse. This suggests that the decrease in heat requirement for internal air because of the larger floor/surface area ratio of the four-span greenhouse was more than the increase in heat requirement for melting snow.
The measured heat requirement of the four-span greenhouse with the melting snow system was equal to the estimated heat load based on a common calculation procedure. On the other hand, that of the single-span greenhouse was slightly smaller than the estimated heat load. These suggest that the estimated heat load based on the common calculation procedure was slightly overestimated and larger than the actual heat requirement excluding the heat for the melting snow in snowy area. This is likely due to the fact that the parameters in the common calculation procedure were determined under the condition of larger net radiation than that in snowy area.View full abstractDownload PDF (1030K)
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