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Volume 24 (1993 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 191-
- Issue 3 Pages 133-
- Issue 2 Pages 57-
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Volume 24, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Measuring the sugar content of sugar beetsMakoto MURAKAMI, Jun-ichi HIMOTO, Motoyasu NATSUGA, Kazuhiko ITOH1994 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 191-196
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSContemporary the Sachs-Le Docte method for sugar components measurement of sugar beet is used, but it is time-consuming and expensive. In this study, the potential of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy in measuring the sugar components has been investigated. For calibration and validation, correspondingly, were used 30 samples of sugar beets, variety “Monohomare”, produced in Hokkaido, Japan. The spectra of the samples were measured through the cutting surface of beets over a wavelength range of 800-1100nm. As a result, it was found that the standard error of NIR method was about 0.8%.View full abstractDownload PDF (2113K) -
Kazuo FUJITA, Takaaki MAEKAWA1994 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 197-205
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBatch cultivation of blue green algae Spirulina platensis in the photobioreactor was carried out to evaluate the culture as CO2 fixation system. The authors kinetically analyzed the effect of CO2 and NH3 concentration in the culture on CO2 fixation and biomass productivity ofthe algae. The obtained results are summarized as follows;
1) The productivity of the algae was slightly increased, when the NaHCO3 concentration was raised to between 32-64 (g/l) in comparison with ordinary cultivation (16g/l).
2) The growth of the algae was smooth on the culture when both NH3 and NO3 were used as the nitrogen source. In this case, the absorption rate of NH3-N was about 20 (mg/(l·d)). When NH3 was the only nitrogen source, the obtained maximum growth rate was 0.147 (g/(l·d)) at 20 (mg/l) of initial NH3-N concentration, and productivity of the algae was reduced by about 1/2-1/3 of the ordinary cultivation. A 200 (mg/l) of the initial NH3-N concentration damaged the growth of the biomass.
3) The C/N ratio, which obtained the maximum CO2 fixation rate, ranged from 10 to 20 and the average volumetric mass transfer coefficient value, KCO2La, was 0.005 (1/h).
For wastewater treatment using algae, the concentration and composition control of the influent nitrogen source will be one of the most important problems.View full abstractDownload PDF (1033K) -
Zhen Ya ZHANG, Takaaki MAEKAWA1994 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 207-214
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProduction of methane from H2 and CO2 was carried out with acclimated-mixed methanogens, in a jar fermentor in continuous culture at pH 7.2 and 37°C. Kinetic parameters for the growth of methanogens and for the conversion rate of H2 and CO2 to CH4 were determined utilizing a non-steady-state procedure over 3 hours. The specific growth rate (μ) and specific consumption rate of H2 (qH2) were found to be 0.064 (h-1) and 104.8 (mmol/h g), respectively, which were the same as the μmax and qmax obtained in the batch culture reported previously, indicating that the fermentations were carried out with μmax under non-rate-limited mass transfer conditions. The fermentation was also performed at various CO2/H2 (20/80, %v/v) gas flow rates. At a gas flow rate of 177 (mL/min), the cell concentration and the methane production rate reached 1879 (mg/L) and 35.15 (mmol/L h), respectively, with a CO2 conversion rate of 80%. The results obtained in this study are higher by contrast with that of a pure culture or a mixed culture in a CSTR as reported elsewhere. Also we obtained short time steady methane fermentation with a higher gas flow rate range of 148-177 (mL/min), then the rate of H2 uptake and methane production suddenly dropped to a low level when the maximum value was reached and recovered immediately as soon as 5mL of 0.1N Na2S solution was added to the culture. This indicates that sulfide was gradually flushed out to the atmosphere from the liquid medium in the form of H2S as the culture was continuously sparged with H2 and CO2. A source of sulfur is then neccessary for the methanogens to grow satisfactorily and sulfide must be added to the medium to prevent stoppage of growth on the continuous feed substrate gas of CO2/H2.View full abstractDownload PDF (826K) -
Growth Prediction of SwineTakaaki SATAKE, Atsushi SAWAMURA, Fumio TACHIBANA, Tatsumi FURUYA1994 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 215-222
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain basic information for the construction of a livestock management support system using neural network, a simulation of growth prediction of bred swine was conducted using 3 layered back-propagation network. In addition to this, a simulation of growth prediction using linear multiple regression model was also carried out to compare with the result of the simulation using neural network model. As a first step of the study, seven growth prediction factors, such as genealogy, sex, birth weight, intake of digestive energy, average house temperature and others were selected, and the simulation of growth prediction using neural network was carried out by changing the number of hidden units and learning cycles of the network.
As the results of these simulations, the percentage of apparent prediction level of neural network model was about 1-11% higher than that of linear multiple regression model, and it was clarified that the use of neural network was effective for growth prediction of swine.View full abstractDownload PDF (998K) -
Chang Le WEI, Shoji TAHARAZAKO, Kazuo MORITA1994 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 223-229
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the dependence of drying air humidity on drying rate for dehumidifying drying, thin layer drying characteristics of rough rice were measured under the condition of drying air temperature at 10, 20, 30 and 40°C, and drying air humidity in the range of 20.4 to 75.6 percent (RH).
As a result, the experimental equation for drying rate was shown on condition of various moisture contents of rough rice in the practical use was shown, and it was clear that the drying rate of rough rice was highly dependent upon the drying air humidity for dehumidifying drying. Relationship between drying air temperature and humidity, and drying rate coefficient, transference moisture content, temporary and dynamic equilibrium moisture content were also investigated and their experimental equations were shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (710K) -
Traction Performance and Efficiency of Removal of ManureTadakatsu AONO, Hiroshige NISHINA, Noriyuki WATANABE1994 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages 231-239
Published: March 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of efficient removal of manure in open type poultry houses, an self-running manure-removing-machine was developed. A new type of pulley, which is different from conventional pulley attached to PTO (power-take-off) shaft of engine, was also manufactured.
Traction performance of the developed manure-removing-machine was examined. Tractive force was measured in relation with revolution number of engine, position of shift-lever, kinds of tires, air pressure of the tires and condition of road surface. Furthermore, efficiency of removal of manure was investigated.
As the results, the developed manure-removing-machine showed stable running-performance and efficiency of removal of manure of 70-100% was achieved.View full abstractDownload PDF (2697K)
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