Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan

[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1966 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 117-121
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.20.117

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (11360K)
Caking Tendency of Common Salt from the Liquid Attached on the Surface of Crystals (on Crystal)

Caking Mechanism of Sodium Chloride (Part 6)

Tsutomu MASUZAWA

1966 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 122-135
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.20.122

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The author discussed in this paper a caking tendency of common salt related to the liquid attached to the surface of the crystals. The composition of liquid was calculated from the analytical data which were made by the Branches of the Japan Monopoly Corporation. The following conclusions were obtained;
1. The liquid attached to the surface of common grade salt was of the same ratio of ions as that of sea water. Magnesium ion concentration of the liquid was 40 mol/1000mol H₂0. A part of the magnesium was assumed in the form of crystals.(solid state)
2. Magnesium content of kitchen salt was reduced by washing in a push-type of centrifugal but concentration of magnesium in the liquid was increased to 150-350 mol/1000mol H₂0 by drying with pneumatic drier. Kitchen salt had more caking tendency than common. grade salt due to a little quantity of magnesium content.
3. Refined salt had more caking tendency than. any other salt, because of high purity of sodium chloride, higher ratio of sulfate ion to other ions and little amount of moisture.
4. Caking tendencies of common salt were determined from the following three factors: 1. amount of impurities 2. purity of sodium chloride in the liquid 3. magnesium, potassium and sulfate content in the liquid and hydrated salt deposited from the liquid.

View full abstract

Download PDF (23578K)
The Desalting of City Water by Using Ion-exchange Membranes

Studies on Ion Exchange Membranes (13)

Eisuke TAKATA, Takatugu AZUMI, Shiro TAKASHIMA

1966 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 135-139
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.20.135

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This investigation is concerned first with preliminary experiments on the desalting of a dilute solution of sodium chloride or sodium sulfate, and secondly with the desalting of city water. The results can be summarized as follows.
(1) The dilute solution of sodium chloride or sodium sulfate can be desalted to a large degree, so as to make the desalted water whose value of specific electric resistance shows approximately (150-200) ×10⁴Ω·cm.
(2) In case city water is fed at a low rate, desalted water whose value of specific electric resistance shows about 100×10⁴Ω·cm can be obtained.
(3) The specific electric conductivity of desalted water depends on current concentration, but no linear relationship between both values is recognized.

View full abstract

Download PDF (10562K)
On the Constitution of Brine Produced by Ion Exchange Membrane Method

Studies on Ion Exchange Membranes.(14)

Tadao HAKUSHI, Reizo DOHNO, Eisuke TAKATA, Takatugu AZUMI, Shiro TAKAS ...

1966 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 140-145
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.20.140

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The authors conducted a study on the influence of current density exerted upon the composition of brine. In this study, there was used a cell equipped with three different kinds of ion exchange membranes which had been developed for the electrodialytic concentration of sea water, to measure the amount and specific gravity of brine and the concentration of each ion as well as to calculate the concentration ratio of each ion. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows:
No influence was exerted on the current efficiency of chloride ion when the current density ranged from 1.2 to 3.2 A/dm².
The current efficiency of sodium ion. declined as the current density became lower, and these values were smaller than those of chloride ion. Therefore, the yield of sodium chloride would be determined by the current efficiency of sodium ion.
The concentration ratio of sulfate ion in brine was very low, and it was extremely effected by the kind of membrane and current density.
Bromide ion was concentrated more easily than chloride ion, while potassium ion was concentrated more easily than sodium ion. The degrees of the concentration of calcium ion and magnesium ion were nearly the same as that of sodium ion, but the selective concentration coefficient of these two ions to sodium ion decreased as the current density increased.

View full abstract

Download PDF (11555K)
On the Nucleation of Hydrate

Concentration of Sea Water and Brine by the Gas Hydrate Process (8)

Susumu SAITO, Kazuo SADANAGA

1966 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 146-161
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.20.146

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

We made a study on the nucleation of hydrate under various conditions. Results obtained were arranged with the cooling velocity constant k and the exponential function between K and the degree of super cooling θ were recognized, stirring strength and pressure having great influences on it. Amount of nuclei was also the exponetial function with θ/T.

View full abstract

Download PDF (24346K)
[title in Japanese]

W.Sherman Gillam

1966 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 170-172
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.20.170

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (8671K)

Register with J-STAGE for free!