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Volume 20 (1966 - 196･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 303-
- Issue 5 Pages 247-
- Issue 4 Pages 189-
- Issue 3 Pages 117-
- Issue 2 Pages 63-
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Volume 20, Issue 4
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1967 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 189-204
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (39002K) -
Caking Mechanism of Sodium Chloride (Part 7)Tsutomu MASUZAWA, Yoshio YONEI1967 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 205-218
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors reported in this paper a relation of the liquid on the surface of common grade salt to mother liquid in a crystallizer. A week long experiment was carried out at Kinkai and Naikai Salt Manufacturing Companies on the chemical composition and specific gravities of the liquid in salt manufacturing process. And the results were discussed from an ideal concentration process of sea water reported in their previous paper. The results were;
1. The chemical composition of the liquid at Kinkai's was on the ideal concentration process of sea water as at many other salt manufacturing companies. The content of sodium, magnesium and sulfate ions in the liquid was proportional to dt15 (t=15-25°) within dt15 of 1.20 and 1.30.
2. The chemical composition of the liquid at Naikai's was not on the ideal concentration process of sea water in contrast with Naikai's.
3. Less sulfate salt was in the liquid on the surface of Kinkai's, while more sulfate salt was on the surface of Naikai's. Therefore the Naikai's. salt has more caking tendency than the Kinkai's. This accorded with the experimental results of caking tendency of common grade salt in stores and ware houses.
4. Chemical and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that deposited salts from mother liquid in salt manufacturing process were a sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate hexa and hepta hydrates, kainite (MgSO4·KCl·3H2O) and glauberite (Na2SO4·CaSO4). And this was discussed from an ideal concentration process of sea water.View full abstractDownload PDF (27079K) -
Studies on Desalting of Sea Water by Freezing MethodShigetake KAWASAKI, Hideo KOMIZU1967 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 219-224
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAAs one of the basic reseaches on saline water conversion by freezing, a study on the drainage of the packed bed of ice crystal particles by centrifugal filter was made using two kinds of ice crystal particles of 0.14 and 0.47 mm in mean surface diameter, sand of 48/65 mesh, and crushed quartz sand of 24/28 mesh.
The saturations of the residual liquid in the packed bed of these particles were measured at a few minutes intervals during the drainage. From the results, it was found that the drainage of ice crystal particles by centrifugal force were as follows:
(1) With higher centrifugal effect (Z>300), the saturation of the residual brine in ice crystals bed differed from that of the residual liquid in sand beds, and the former was lower than the latter. This phenomenon seemed to be due to the partial melting of ice crystals caused by presssure owing to the centrifugal force and due to the self-washing.
(2) with lower centrifugal effect (Z<160), the melting of ice crystals was hardly observed and the saturation of the residual brine in the ice crystals bed could be treated in the similar manner to that in sand beds. And, assuming that the drainage was dominated mainly by film flow, the relation between the saturation (S) and drainage time (t) or centrifugal effect (Z) was as follows:
(S-S∞)=m (ρmKZt/μεL)n
m=2.0 (±1.0), n=-0.5
where S∞is residual equilibrium saturation, ρm is density of liquid, μ is viscosity, K, ε and L is permeability, porosity and thickness of the packed bed of particles respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (13241K) -
Tetsuo MATSUO, Emiko NOMURA1967 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 225-230
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNew heavy metal selective resins (m and p-phenylene dithiourearesolcinol resins…m-and p-PR) were prepared from m-and p-phenylene diamine dihydrochloricacid and resolcinol. These resins had two thiourea radicals in each unit structure.
Their heavy metal exchange capacities were examined for Ag and Hg by pH titration method. The result showed chelate ring between resin and heavy metal was formed.
Comparison of exchange capacity was made between m-or p-PR and Hojo's 3hydroxyphenylene thiourea-phenol resin (3HPTU-phenol resin) containing one thiourea radical in each unit structure.
Measured exchange capacities of p-PR and 3HPTU-phenol resin were 1.6 and 2.2m mol Hg/g resin, while theoretical values of them were 5.25 and 3.45m mol/g resin, respectively. p-PR had smaller exchange capacity to the theoretical as compared with 3HPTU-phenol resin. This reason was that two large thiourea radicals of each unit structure in p-PR reduced a space of chelate ring with heavy metal.View full abstractDownload PDF (13191K) -
Kazuo AMANO, Shumpei OKA1967 Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 230-236
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was made on the crystal size of magnesium hydroxide electrolytically precipitated in various conditions in the solution of magnesium chloride. Crystal sizes were calculated by Bragg's crystal size equation, using a half intensity breadth on the x-ray diffraction patterns.
1) Assuming that the crystal of magnesium hydroxide be a regular hexagonal system, it was found to be 75Å high, about 300Å long and about 45×10-19cm3 in volume. Such small crystal units coalesce to make the filtration of a large particle easy.
2) It was found that the crystal size was not affected by the concentration of the magnesiumion in the original solution, the current density and the time of electrolysis and the presence of sodium chloride in the solution. With ageing of the prepared hydroxide in the mother liquor, the crystal size increased only a little for the duration of 30 days.
3) The size of Crystals of magnesium hydroxide electrolytically precipitated in the magnesium sulfate solution, it was found, was about 45Å high, about 200 Å long and 11×10-19cm3 in volume; it was somewhat smaller than that in the magnesium chloride solution. However, it was much easier to be filtrated, washed and dried.
The crystal size of the precipitate became larger in the presence of sodium chloride in the sulfate solution. With ageing of the precipitate in the mother liquor, the size became larger, i. e., 123Å high, 320Å long after 3 weeks. Thereafter, further ageing was useless.View full abstractDownload PDF (13294K)
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