Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan

[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1967 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 85-89
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.21.85

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Concentration by Evaporation of Brine produced with Anion and Cation Selective Membranes, Mixed Brines and Others

Studies on the Utilization of Brine Obtained by Ion Exchange Membrane Method (IV)

Tetsuo MATSUO, Nobuyoshi TENJIN

1967 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 90-98
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.21.90

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Five kinds of brines described below were continuously evaporated with a view to making a study on the elevation of their boiling points, the changes of their composition, and the separation of their sodium chloride.
These five kinds of brines were (1) brine harvested from the saltfield,(2) brine produced by using anion and cation selective membranes,(3) brine obtained bymixing (1) with (2),(4) brine consi-dered to be obtainable on the assumption that selectivities of ion-exchange membranles to divalent ions would be much more improved in the future, and (5) brine obtained by mixing (4) with (1)
1. In case brines (1) and (2) were of the same salinity, brine (1) indicated a lower elevation of boiling point as compared with brine (2). Among the aqueous solutions of the component salts of brines, the aqueous solution of magnesium sulfate showed the lowest elevation and that of magnesium chloride showed the highest elevation at the same salinity. Therefore, it was because brine (1) contained magnesium sulfate that it indicated a lower elevation of its boiling point although it contained a large amount of magnesium chloride.
2. At the present time, magnesium chloride has the most powerful influence upon the separation of sodium chloride. In the future, however, potassium chloride is supposed to take its place. Even if brine (1) is mixed with brine (2), there is no advantages for the separation of sodium chloride.
3. At the standard point, the concentration of calcium sulfate was (3)>(1)>(2). Among these brines, the higher was the ratio of brine (2) to (1), the higher was the concentration of calcium sulfate. The order of the completion of calcium sulfate separation was (1),(3), and (2) by the influence of sulfate ion.
4. During the concentration by evaporation of brines, potassium chloride was not separated. In the actual manufacture of salt, there seems to be no possibility of potassium chloride separation.

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Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride Solution Used Double Ion Exchange Membrane

Studies on Hydrolysis Membranes.(Part 1)

Takatugu AZUMI, Tadao HAKUSHI, Reizo DOHNO, Shiro TAKASHIMA

1967 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 98-103
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.21.98

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The present paper is concerned with the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution by means of double membrane which is made for this particular purpose by combining cation selective membrane and anion selective membrane.
The result of the research can be summarized as follows;
1) The hydrolyzing efficiency decrease in proportion to the decrease of current density, and to the in crease of the concentration of sodium chloride solution.
2) The current efficiency decreases in proportion to the duration of electrolysis.
3) The change of temperature has very little influence upon the hydrolyzing efficiency.
Special consideration was given to the study of the diffusion of sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid into each of the membranes, so that the change of hydrolyzing efficiency could be discussed and elucidated.

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Preparing Condition of Alkylene Amine Type Anion Exchange Membrane and Impermeability of Bivalent Ions

Studies on the Relationship between Membrane Structure and Impermeability of Bivalent Ions,(Part 1)

Masataka WATANABE, Kazuo IIDA, Hiroko NAKAYAMA, Hisako SUTOU

1967 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 103-110
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.21.103

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We studied on the relationship between crosslinked structure and impermeability of bivalent ions in anion exchange membrane of alkylene amine type.
1) Alicyclic type epoxy resins having various chain lengths were used for basic materials of membrane, as well as molecules with various chain lengths for crosslinking agents.
2) Membranes were prepared by BBP process and TOM process, in which respectively bisphenol butoxide and trioximethylene were utilized as crosslinking agents.
3) Crosslinked structure was adjusted by curing temperature.
4) Membrane prepared from resin with long chain and crosslinking agent with short chain, or the former with short chain and the latter with long chain had the most densely crosslinked structure in a condition in which electric resistance was maximum and permselectivity of bivalent ions minimum. On the other hand, membrane prepared from resin and crosslinking agent both having long chains or both short chains showed quite different behavior from the above.

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