Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan

Organohalogen Substances Formed during Water Chlorination and Influence to Sea

Kunio SUGINO, Sueo NISHI

1987 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 113-122
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.41.113

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Sea Water Desalination Systems Powered by Solar Energy

Shoji KUBOTA, Osamu KURODA, Sankichi TAKAHASHI

1987 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 123-141
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.41.123

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Fuel Transfer from Bunker Oil to Petroleum Coke for the Boiler of High Combustion Rate

Leo EHARA, Hisao YAMAGUCHI

1987 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 142-151
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.41.142

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To meet the request of Japan Tobacco & Salt Public Corporation, salt manufacturing companies in Japan changed their conventional process to new processing in 1972, which consisted of two steps, electrodialysis and multiple-effect evaporation. In this process, most of power was generated by a turbine generator, and exhaust steam was used for evaporation. So, more than 90% of variable cost was due to boiler fuel oil.
After the “Oil crisis” we, one of the salt manufacturers, made an attempt to change boiler fuel to cheaper ones. In our case, the boiler had been of high combustion rate (more than 500 Mcal/ cubic meter hour). So, it was difficult to change the fuel to cheaper but less voratile ones without cutting down the boiler capacity. At first, 50% mixture of “Eureka Pitch” and bunker oil was selected as a substitutive fuel by using the conventional liquid combustion system. It ran satisfactorily at the fuel cost of about 80% of bunker oil.
Nextly, in order to further reduce the fuel cost, we chose pulverized delayed coke, using a specially designed pre-combustion furnace. We had some troubles in the early stage of operation, but could take measures to solve them. Now, we can enjoy the fuel cost of about 40% of bunker oil without cutting down the original boiler capacity.

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Study of Preparation Conditions of Ion-Sieve Type Manganese Oxides

Yoshitaka MIYAI, Kenta OOI, Shunsaku KATOH

1987 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 152-156
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.41.152

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Ion-sieve type manganese oxides (mp-HMnO) were prepared by heating lithium-introduced γ-MnO₂ at different temperatures followed by acid treatment with a hydrochloric acid solution. The ithium adsorptivities of these samples were investigated from sea water. The results were sumarized as follows:
1) The crystal phase of the lithium-introduced γ-MnO₂ scarcely changed by the heating below 30°C while it was converted from γ-type to a mixture of α-Mn₂O₃ and LiMn₂O₄ above 500°C.
2 The acid treatment of the heat-treated samples showed that the extractability of lithium was losely related to the crystal phase of the samples; it was about 70% for the γ-type samples while bove 90% for the LiMn₂O₄ types. The X-ray dlffraction analysis revealed that the spinel structure f LiMn₂O₄ was scarcely damaged by the acid treatment.
3) The samples obtained at 580-660°C showed a maximum lithium uptake from sea water. The ecovery of lithium reached 60% at 50 mg mp-HMnO in 2dm³ sea water.

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European Trip for Investigation on Uranium Recovery System from Seawater

Noboru OGATA

1987 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 157-161
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.41.157

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