Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan

A Review on Ultrapure Water

Haruhiko OHYA

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 97-108
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.97

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Determination of Bromide in Sea and River Waters by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

Studies on Environmental Analysis (Part 38)

Yukio TAIRA, Yoshimichi MAEDA, Takatugu AZUMI

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 109-113
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.109

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Bromide ions in sea water and river water were determined by fluorescent X-ray spectrometry after precipitation as silver bromide. Ten ml of (1g Ag/l) silver nitrate solution was added to water sample containing bromide ion; this was allowed to stand for 30min. The silver bromide formed was gathered onto a 0.45μm membrane filter and the fluorescent X-ray intensity of bromide was measured. In the case of using 100ml of sample water the linear range of calibration curve was from 10 to 100μg/l, and the detection limit and the lower limit of determination were found to be 2.1 and 7.0μg/l, respectively.
This method was not affected by the coexistence of chloride or iodide up to a concentration of 10mg/l. This method was not influenced by sample size from 100 to 700ml, and was satisfactorily applied to determination of bromide in sea water and river water.
The concentration of bromide ions in the brine from the electrodialysis process was determined by means of this method. The result showed that the bromide ion can be easily concentrated by 1.8 times the chloride ion through the anion exchange membrane used in the electrodialysisprocess.

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Recovery of Lithium from Sea Water by a New Type of Ion-Sieve Adsorbent Obtained from Mg₂MnO₄

Recovery of Lithium from Sea Water by Manganese Oxide Adsorbent (Part 7)

Yoshitaka MIYAI, Kenta OOI, Shunsaku KATOH

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 114-118
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.114

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A new type of ion-sieve manganese oxide, HMnO (2Mg), was prepared by an acid treatment of Mg₂MnO₄. Lithium adsorptive properties, elution of lithium, and stability against adsorption/elution cycle were studied. The results were summarized as follows.
1) The HMnO (2Mg) showed a high selectivity for lithium ions in sea water. The lithium uptake increased with increasing solution pH and adsorption temperature.
2) The maximum lithium uptake reached 5.9mg·g^-1 from sea water; this value corresponded to about one-third of the lithium content of the lithium ore.
3) The adsorbed lithium could be easily eluted with a diluted HCl solution.
4) Five adsorption/elution cycles were carried out using sea water and a 0.05-M HCl solution. The lithium uptake did not decrease during five recycles and the elution efficiency was always above 80%.

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Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Sulfate in High-Grade Salt by the Methylene Blue Method

Yasushi NIINO, Hitomi NISHIMURA, Noboru OGATA

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 119-124
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.119

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Spectrophotometric method using methylene blue was studied for determination of trace sulfate in salt.
The analysis procedure was as follows. Sulfate ion was reduced to hydrogen sulfide by a mixture of red-phosphorus, formic acid, and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen sulfide was absorbed in solution of zinc acetate. Methylene blue was produced by addition of N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamime solution and iron (III) chloride solution. The concentration of methylene blue was determined by spectrophotometry.
The effect of operating condition and precision in this method were studied and the following results were obtained:
1) The determination value was not influenced by flow rate of carrier gas in the range of 50 to 200 ml/min, a diameter of capillary in the range of 0.1 to 1.1 mm, pH of absorbing solution in the range of 5.1 to 5.8, light and heating time in the range of 30 to 120 min. The absorbance of methylene blue was constant within 6 h.
2) The determination value was influenced by temperature of absorbing solution. The value was stable at 20 to 30°C, was decreased at higher temperature, and was increased at lower temperature.
3) The volume ratio of reducing reagent to sample solution was adoptable at 2 to 1.
4) The linear relationship was obtained in the range from 2 to 200 micrograms of sulfate ion, and the coefficient of variation was 2.5%.
5) The accuracy and sensitivity of the methylene blue method were six times higher than barium chromate method.
Thus, determination of trace sulfate in high-grade salt was possible.

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Occurrence and Control of Red Tide

Akio MURAKAMI

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 125-133
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.125

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Salt and Hypertension

Toshiro FUJITA

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 134-136
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.134

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Why Dose Mankind Desire Salt?

Na and K Contents of Food (Animals and Plants)

Masayoshi MURAKAMI

1988 Volume 42 Issue 3 Pages 137-142
Published: 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2013

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11457/swsj1965.42.137

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