Traffic-related air pollution has been worsening rapidly in many metropolises of developing countries. The main issue is to develop and implement a set of effective and comprehensive countermeasures as a matter of urgency in those cities where even the experts do not have enough knowledge and experiences to examine the complex relationships of causes and results of phenomena. To help solve this problem, an expert system is developed in this study using an analogy to the medical health check process whereby a city is regarded as a patient. Experiences of developed countries and some technical knowledge are systematically integrated in the system to give diagnosis and prescriptions. A user-friendly GUI is also used to easily handle the processes required. This system will help traffic and environmental officers in developing countries understand the comprehensive situation and establish most appropriate countermeasures for their cities.

The object of this study is to develop the evaluation model for the attractiveness of sightseeing areas in Japan.

Reviewing the past studies in this field and analyzing the trend of the preference for sightseeing, the model is considered to be consisted of 4 chapters; resources, activity menu, accommodations and amenity.

The next step is to evaluate the total attractiveness of the main sightseeing areas and then to clarify their characteristics in order to set up the efficient planning.

Through these evaluation, several suggestions will be made, including the importance of the consideration for landscape and atmosphere as the measure for boosting up the attractiveness of sightseeing areas.

A new perspective stressing the value of privatization and allowing for market mechanism in the public sector has been advanced, especially in the field of air transport infrastructure (airport and air traffic control services) where privatization or commercialization has been achived in some countries. Overall slow economic growth and the fact that the basic infrastructure has been completed allow the focus to shift from the government initiative to the market. The article shows relatively good performance of privatised airports in the UK and in Australia and commercialized air traffic control services in New Zealand. Also shows the article that elimination of cross-subsidy system and deregulation in the air transport sector is indispensable in order to privatise air transport infrastructure in Japan.

This paper, first, measures overall efficiency for Japanese railway business, using the concept of TFP (Total Factor Productivity). On the basis of TFP analysis these about 30 years, it is shown that productivity of railway business can steadily increase through appropriate management policy. Second, in order to get some information of price regulation, the performance of Price Cap regulation formula(I－TFP) is empirically examined. Then is it shown that Price Cap regulation can be introduced to some private railway companies under the specific conditions. Last, it is also proposed that price regulation must be essentially formed, considering the SCE (Scale Economies) estimation of each railway market segment.

The Policies to regulate external diseconomies caused by automobiles are expected to reduce automobile-related externalities. It is well known, however, that these policies generate the market disbenefit. Hence the paper proposes a socioeconomic model for evaluating regulation policies, whose framework is based on the computable general equilibrium model. In this paper, we evaluate the some regulation policies with both computable general equilibrium (CGE) and dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model, and compare the effectiveness among them considering merits and demerits of each model.

The transport demands in Japan in fiscal year 1998 are forecasted using econometric model containing macro economic and transport sectors which is now in the way of development in the Institute of Transport Policy Studies. The Japanese economy, which has shown a declining phase since May of last year, will be seemed to grow by 1.3% in F.Y.1998 by the effect of countermeasures in April. And the transport demands in 98 will recover a little from inactive of previous year. Namely freight volume will grow by 1.4% to 6.74 billion tons and passenger will increase by 0.5%. It will be needed, however, more time to return to normal level because of the weakness of whole economic demands of private enterprise and household.