This research is the first example that applied RAEM-Light in all Japan. We proposed the evaluation technique of expressway toll discount which uses an economical model. In many cases, the traffic resistance was expressed by only time at the past model, and it was difficult to apply to evaluation of toll discount. Then, we improved so that traffic resistance might be expressed by generalized cost. Moreover, when the income of a highway company decreases by toll discount, the government does income supplementation. Therefore, we improved to the model incorporating burden structure, and we estimated benefit evaluation of expressway toll discount.

Surveying the number of illegally parked bicycles is important to identify the areas prone to park illegally, and the transition of the number. Simply counting the number is not efficient to verify a traffic danger caused by the illegally parked bicycles because the risk of the individual situations are not identical. We proposed a new approach in order to realize a safe and secure traffic environment and a concrete method to measure the risk scores of the illegally parked bicycles.

The purpose of this paper is to consider the bicycle policies focusing on illegal parking problems. The methodology is to set up several small parking spaces on the sidewalks in Kunitachi-City (Residential location in Tokyo) in order to examine whether or not short time parking customers are able to park their bicycles on these spaces. In conclusion, the road administrator should place several small spaces on the sidewalks for the short time parking customers. Also, parking management, parking time, and the cooperation with neighbors are important for the provision of high quality parking spaces.

This paper developed a method of simulating air transport demand changes when low cost carriers (LCCs) entry into the domestic aviation services based on Bertrand Nash Equilibrium. Consequently, we analyzed the changes in passenger demands, average flight fares and the number of flights on three major routes: capital region to Kansai area, capital region to North Kyushu area, and Kansai area to North Kyushu area. The changes are estimated to be significantly different among the routes.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the NWCs' strategy to respond the increasing share of LCCs during the post-911 period in the U.S. airline industry. In the U.S. airline industry, yield has precipitated by the demand shock after the 911 and even after the economy recovered, the yield has never restored. LCCs could lower their yield while keeping their profitability because during the late 1990's LCCs have lowered their cost. In order to survive, NWCs have lowered the costs, decreased the number of small-size aircraft, increased the average stage length and improved the load factor.