In this paper, a method is proposed for improving level of service in congested urban railways with special travel demand characteristics by means of triple-track line operation. Where the future travel demand forecasts show sluggish growth, there is little incentives for railway investments like quadruple-track extension to alleviate current railway congestion problems. In such a situation, triple-track line operation can be the best alternative due to its moderate investment cost and ease in land acquisition for just an additional single track along the existing tracks. The simulation investigation showed that triple track line operation can increase railway capacity by 26% and shorten travel time by 38% in peak direction during morning peak hours. These results are encouraging and are potentially useful for overcoming current railway problems in Tokyo and in similar urban situations elsewhere.

A committee called “Unification of Two Subway Operator in Tokyo Metropolitan Area” has been setup to facilitate the unification process. However, each of three key stakeholders, namely, the national government, Tokyo local government, and Tokyo Metro Ltd maintain their respective position firmly. Undertaking a historical analysis, this research study examines issues related to unification of two subway operators, complete privatization of Tokyo Metro, and improvement of services to railway users. The study also looks at the meaning of unification in the context of the Land Transport Regulation Act, since the Act is still in force. In addition, the study also examines the possibility that the Antitrust Act is invoked in connection with the unification action.