Assessing emotion, stress and anxiety is challenging because individuals differ by personality characteristics, age, gender, culture, and country; all of which can modify how they verbally express or report mental and emotional well-being. To overcome the limitations of subjective self-reports, researchers have increasingly focused on methods that quantify the biological changes associated with the neuroendocrine stress response. Disruptions in homeostasis, i.e., stress, place demands on the body that are met by the activation of two systems and manifest as quantifiable physiological changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and pupillary reflex as well as differential expression of stress biomarkers such as cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S) and adrenaline. Although attaining happiness and overcome stress are nearly universal goal, surprisingly little research has focused on how happiness can be increased and stress can be decreased. This review paper focuses on the current status and future prospects of diagnostic methodologies using saliva samples. Chemical salivary test has overwhelming advantages over blood test in that it is intrinsically safe and test samples can be self-collected any time. The direction of new applications for salivary sensors is discussed by introducing commercially available salivary tests for the detection of emotion and stress.

In this study, a prototype paper-based microfluidic chip for electrical resistivity measurement was fabricated. Microelectrodes and microfluidic channels were formed on filter paper media to evaluate the electrical resistivity of NaCl samples in flow. Three different concentrations of NaCl samples were evaluated and found to be capable of relative evaluation.

This paper presents a prototype of one-foot weight scale for weight training in rehabilitation. The prototype of one-foot weight scale was consisted of four inserted load-cell between two board, circuit of analog-digital converter, CPU And BLE transmitters. six healthy test subjects equipped the one-foot scale and walked 60 steps to get weight load data. As a result, measured mean values of standard error and root mean squared error were 0.351 kg and 4.07 kg.

Variable-focus lenses need to be thinner. Metalenses, which are ultra-thin lenses, are attracting attention because they can achieve variable focal lengths by rotating two lenses relative to each other and integrating them with thin actuators to realize thin varifocal metalenses. We have fabricated a MEMS rotation stage composed of a comb-drive actuator and a meander structure spring and confirmed light focusing by the electromagnetic simulation of the lens.

In this research, an enzyme electrode sensor with a two-layer bubble-removal flow channel that can be used in a skin microperfusion system was fabricated. The first layer of the channel is placed on enzyme electrodes. The flow channel is connected to the second layer which has an outlet. A hydrophobic porous membrane is placed on the channel wall between the two layers on the inlet side of the electrodes. Thus, bubbles can bypass the electrodes by taking a shortcut through the hydrophobic porous membrane into the second layer. Since bubble removal results from the pressure difference between the layers, this flow channel can be used in both positive- and negative-pressure systems. The flow channel height and the pore size in the hydrophobic porous membrane were selected by measuring pressure differences between the two layers using different pumping methods. The bubble removal performance was evaluated during microperfusion measurements on porcine skin. In addition, the effect of the bubble-removal flow channel on lactate concentration measurements using an enzyme electrode was evaluated.

The purpose of this study is to realize a grasp force measurement of forceps for robotic surgery systems. Generally, surgical robot forceps is actuated by traction wire, and we have suggested a newly force sensing system by measuring the wire expansion utilizing micro displacement sensors. For measuring the elongation of the wire, the white-light interference principle has been utilized on sensor system, and the sensor consists of a tip-tilted optical fiber, a Fizeau interferometer and a sensor holder. In this report, displacement sensor has been successfully fabricated and mounted onto the wire to measure the elongation of the wire under tension and discussed the experimental results.

In this paper, we evaluate the operation of the magnetic field detection for each probe position using a Multi-output MOSFET sensor by the 0.18 µm CMOS process. This proposed device has Gate, Source, Drain, and 8-output terminals. To the experimental results, this device indicates magnetic field sensitivity depending on probe position, as in previous research, using 0.18 µm Octagonal-MOSFET. Also, we realize the cause of the change in magnetic field characteristics due to temperature change.

Main function of glomerulus is to filter plasma and waste products from blood. The filtration function is known to be impaired and irreversibly damaged by a disease or a drug administration. Therefore, nephrotoxicity assessment is essential for a new drug development. However, conventional animal models for drug screening cannot appropriately assess toxicity of drugs to human glomerulus. In this study, we constructed a glomerulus-on-a-chip using human podocytes and evaluated the selectivity of inulin and albumin for filtration function.