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Volume 59 (2021)
- Issue 6 Pages 341-
- Issue 5 Pages 283-
- Issue 4 Pages 201-
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- Issue 2 Pages 63-
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Volume 59, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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SPECIAL ISSUE:
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN THE NEW NORMAL
Editorial
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Haruhiko SAKURAI2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 283-284
Published: August 23, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 25, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (598K)
Review Article
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Timo ANTTILA, Mikko HÄRMÄ, Tomi OINAS2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 285-292
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is important to track the trends of future working hours, since working hours have strong associations to everyday life and work-life interaction, but also to health. In this paper we aim to track the current and future trends in working hours. We discuss the trends through the key dimensions of working hours: the length, timing, tempo and autonomy. We also consider the role of current trends of spatial changes of work. Changes in working time patterns are fostered by several driving factors: globalization and business restructuring challenging the current work organizations, new information technologies, demographic and climate change and the current and future pandemics. The past and current tremendous changes in working hours indicate that changes in working hours will continue. The contemporary trends in future working hours pose risks for personal, family and social life, material well-being and health. At its best, however, the new post-industrial working time regime may provide more autonomy and time for recovery to employees as new technologies and changes in business structures release opportunities for greater individual autonomy over how, where, and for how long paid work is performed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1000K) -
Masayoshi NAKAMURA2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 293-297
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper reviews three viewpoints regarding the society after the COVID-19 infection on the concept of safety management. The first is the relationship between With COVID-19 and a zero risk. As a result of coexistence with COVID-19 for more than one year, the Japanese society thought that a zero risk is difficult to accomplish, and some risks will be accepted to maintain social activities. This leads a change in a way of thinking from zero risk to risk-based safety management. The second is the change in the way of working. As a result of having experienced remote work forcibly, it will become the hybrid model that incorporated remote work in a conventional method. Personnel evaluation changes from the seniority system to the job evaluation type, and each person’s professional ability will be more focused on. The third is the review of the Japanese society system. In Japan, although the infection level was controlled to some extent by the groupism of the self-restraint of actions by mutual monitoring, there is a limit of managing based on groupism. Moreover, as seen in the delay of vaccine development and the medical care collapse, these problems should be improved by changing Japanese society system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1022K) -
Hiroshi JONAI, Mariko ONO, Koichi HIRACHI, Michihiro TANAKA, Hiroshi S ...2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 298-307
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIncreased variety and use of chemicals and the number of chemical disasters have changed chemical management. Europe and the United States have adopted self-regulation in chemical management; furthermore, countries worldwide must comply with the relevant United Nations recommendations and international standards for chemical management. Japan has experienced numerous pollution incidents and occupational disasters, resulting in the development of laws and regulations on chemical management; however, these policies are inconsistent with international trends. In particular, the shift from a compliance approach to self-regulation and measures for small businesses remain as challenges. This paper discusses the current situation and issues in chemical management in Japan, focusing on international trends.View full abstractDownload PDF (1308K)
Original Article
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Milena Sina WÜTSCHERT, Diana PEREIRA, Hartmut SCHULZE, Achim ELFERING2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 308-317
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the COVID-19 pandemic began, many employees have been required to work full or part-time at home. This paper investigates the impact of perceived privacy on cognitive irritation and sleep problems among employees who worked from home during the pandemic. Additionally, we analyzed the role of cognitive irritation as a mediator between privacy and sleep problems. We created a cross-sectional questionnaire, which was completed by 293 employees who performed home-based telework in German-speaking Switzerland. A mediation analysis was then conducted using a multiple regression analysis. A test of the indirect effect showed a significant mediation path from perceived privacy via cognitive irritation to sleep problems. Hence, the negative indirect effect indicates that perceived privacy is an important job resource that may prevent sleep problems. Further research is needed regarding home-based telework and recovery strategies to prevent sleep problems.View full abstractDownload PDF (1287K) -
Rieko HOJO, Shigeo UMEZAKI, Chiemi KAN, Shoken SHIMIZU, Kyoko HAMAJIMA ...2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 318-324
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCOVID-19 is around the world. We attempt to apply three-step method in ISO/IEC Guide 51: 2014 to COVID-19 infection control in the workplace. The results show that the COVID-19 infection control measures include the eradication of the virus, the destruction of infectivity, the detoxification and weakening and the elimination of opportunities for infection as “Inherently Safe Design Measures”, the avoidance of contact as “Safeguarding and Complementary Protective Measures” and the reduction of contact and the avoidance of seriousness as “Information for Use”. Among these specific measures, the New Normal, especially in the manufacturing industries, would be “telecommuting” and “unmanned workplaces”, which are part of the elimination of opportunities for infection, and “changes in flow lines” and “changes in airflow”, which are part of the avoidance of contact. Where “telecommuting” and “unmanned workplaces” are feasible, they should be implemented as much as possible, and where they are not, attempts should be made to minimize human-to-human contact by “changes in flow lines”. In addition, in the area of “changes in airflow”, there are high expectations for future research on how to establish a ventilation design for COVID-19, in which but also the source would be workers themselves, not only combustible gases and toxic gases.View full abstractDownload PDF (1075K) -
Issei KATO, Yuta MASUDA, Kei NAGASHIMA2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 325-333
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSurgical masks are widely used for the prevention of respiratory infections. However, the risk of heat stroke during intense work or exercise in hot and humid environment is a concern. This study aimed to examine whether wearing a surgical mask increases the risk of heat stroke during mild exercise in such environment. Twelve participants conducted treadmill exercise for 30 min at 6 km/h, with 5% slope, 35°C ambient temperature, and 65% relative humidity, while wearing or not a surgical mask (mask and control trials, respectively). Rectal temperature (Trec), ear canal temperature (Tear), and mean skin temperature (mean Tskin) were assessed. Skin temperature and humidity of the perioral area of the face (Tface and RHface) were also estimated. Thermal sensation and discomfort, sensation of humidity, fatigue, and thirst were rated using the visual analogue scale. Trec, Tear, mean Tskin, and Tface increased during the exercise, without any difference between the two trials. RHface during the exercise was greater in the mask trial. Hot sensation was greater in the mask trial, but no influence on fatigue and thirst was found. These results suggest that wearing a surgical mask does not increase the risk of heat stroke during mild exercise in moist heat.View full abstractDownload PDF (1698K) -
Antonio VALENTI, Grazia FORTUNA, Caterina BARILLARI, Erika CANNONE, Va ...2021 Volume 59 Issue 5 Pages 334-339
Published: August 18, 2021
Released on J-STAGE: October 05, 2021
Advance online publication: August 20, 2021JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe global spread of COVID-19 pandemic forced the scientific community to identify new ways of exchanging and transferring the scientific knowledge, also considering that the measures taken to combat the pandemic, such as travel restrictions, closed borders and gathering bans, led to cancellations of many conferences, meetings and workshops. The enhancement of the existing digital platforms and the development of new systems to share scientific knowledge has allowed the scientific community to “meet” again in new virtual environments (e.g., Zoom, Cisco WebEx, Live Stream, Demio, GoToWebinar Seminar, Google Hangouts, Skype, Microsoft Teams, etc.), providing an unprecedented opportunity to reform methods of organizing academic conferences in all disciplines.Starting from the review of the existing literature, this study aimed at investigating the impact of the spreading of virtual conferences on the field of research. The SWOT analysis was used to identify strengths and weaknesses of the scientific conferences organized in the new format, as well as opportunities and threats created by the socio-economic and political context in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.View full abstractDownload PDF (796K)
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