In cooking rice, a heating time of about 10 min has commonly been used independent of the amount of rice. In this study, the effects of the heating time before boiling on the quality of the rice during and after cooking were studied. The heating time was controlled by theflow rate of fuel gas, and thus, cooked rice samples of three different heating times (4-5 min, extremely short; 9-10 min, intermediate; and about 18 min, extremely long) were obtained. Samples heated. for 4-5 min were hard and lacked stickness and each grain of these samples exhibited non-homogeneity in its hardness and expansion. Samples heated for 18 min were too soft and lusterless and showed considerable amounts of solid substances deposited on the grain surface. Physical characteristics of samples heated for 9-10 min were intermediate of the two extreme cases, and the qualities of the cooked grains were found to be most acceptable.

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Experiments were carried out to investigate the changes of surface color, texture, and geratinization degree of starch of the rice which was heated in oil bath of 150 ± 1°C for 40 min, and then the rice was divided into upper, middle and lower parts.
The results were as follows : the water content of the cooked rice continued to change rapidly for 10-20 min. Although the water content of the lower part decreased, the contents of the middle and upper parts increased, because the water moved upward. The hardness of cooked rice increased in the upper, middle and lower part in order. The adhesiveness of the lower part indicated the lowest value. That of Koshihikari showed the higher value than Reimei. The hardness and adhesiveness of the cooked rice had relation with its water content. Sensory tests suggested that the rice was the most desirable which had been cooked for 20-30 min, and that Koshihikari was preferred to Reimei.
Experiments with models which mixed paste-like substances (soluble starch solution, dextrin solution and Oneba respectively) with glass beads were made. The size of the glass bead was the same as that of the rice grain. The higher the concentration of paste-like substances was, the more the hardness and adhesiveness of the cooked rice increased. Adhesiveness was recognized only in both the soluble starch and Oneba of Koshihikari. The Oneba consisted of more than 90% of carbohydrate and 4% of protein as anhydrous materials. The adhesiveness of Oneba played an important role in the texture of cooked rice as a mass.

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In this paper, relationships between the detergency (D) at the fabric surface which was rubbed with 8 kinds of brushes (B₁-B₈), and the work done by washing (W) were studied (B₁, nylon 6; B₂, nylon 6; B₃, nylon 66; B₄, polypropylene; B₅, hog hair white; B₆, hog hair black; B₇, horse hair; B₈, Palin (R)).
Experiments were performed by a device to simulate hand rubbing washing. The work done wase etimated by integrating the s-s curve which was obtained through a string connected to the load cell of the Instron type tensile tester. The brush was moved 10 times repeatedly with the weight (P), (200, 235, 770g) at a constant brushing speed on the artificially soiled cotton fabric surface.
1) The orders of W and D among each brush were as follows.
P D W
200g B₁<B₂≈B₃<B₄B₁<B₂≈B₃<B₄B₅<B₆≈B₈<B₇B₅≈B₆≈B₇≈B₈
235gB₄<B₈<B₇B₄<B₇≈B₈
770gB₄<B₇≈B₈B₄<B₇≈B₈
2) It was found that the nature of the brush, i.e., kind of fibers, bending rigidity of hairs, and the shape or dimension constituting the hair bundle, influenced upon the efficiency and the work done upon the surface.

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On Japan, a method of appraisal about the dust removal performance of the vacuum cleaners decided about only the maximum suction power. But the Industrial Standard of the vacuum cleaners of some foreign countries have the different kinds of the test method on the specific conditions of the floor on actual living.
Based upon Industrial Standard of tne vacuum cleaners of the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) and the BSI (British Standard Institution), we have applied the testing of :
1) the measure of the each vacuum cleaners suction power,
2) the dust removal from the crevice of the hard floor,
3) the dust removal from some carpet,
4) the thread removal from some carpet,
5) the change of the suction power from the dust capacity.
On the result for the testing, the following conclusion have been obtained, that the testing on the dust removal from the crevice of the hard floor and the thread removal from some carpet should be added with the maximum suction power in the JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard), to get better choice of the vacuum cleaner for the consumers.

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The object of this paper is to investigate the relations between farmers' life and diseases, and those between diseases and medical fee. The samples and the method are the same as parts 1 and 2.
The following results were obtained :
1) The frequent diseases consulted doctors at K area were of the respiratory and the digestive organs, the nervous system and sensorium.
Average points for medical fee in the numeral system of rating were medium.
2) Many of the diseases of working-age farmers seemed to appear through accumulated exhaustion caused by their overwork, both mental and physical, resulting adults' diseases.
Average points for medical fee in the numeral system of rating were medium.
3) As to the diseases of the old-aged, there appeared so-called farmers' diseases, such as anemia and lumbago, in addition to the general adults' diseases.
Average points for medical fee were high.
4) Family members of the II income brackets seemed to have many latent diseases, for they had to work hard to earn their livelihood.
From these results, we consider it necessary to reduce medical expenses in the family budget and those shared by the community through the improvement of life-environment, the health care program to find and cure diseases at their early stage, and individual and official efforts to prevent diseases.

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The author made a case study of Farmer N's economic management on the basis of his 1969-1979 family budget. In the present paper, he analyzes his management in order to find the in come structure as a life basis. The results he obtained are as follows.
1. The modernization of agriculture encouraged by the government had been generally achieved under the agriculture policy based on the Fundamentals of Agriculture Act in the 1960's. Accordingly, Farmer N made use of the government subsidy and used his own endeavors for improving the management of his farm.
2. Farmer N established multiple agriculture system to make his management more efficient, enough to use his family labor force well and to stabilize his income.
3. He was deliberate in keeping his household books, in conducting a planned management, and in increasing his productivity. As the results of his endeavors, the total amount of income grew larger.
4. The level of his income has been higher than the national average among full-time farmers since 1970.

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A survey was conducted to determine the opinions of the younger generation about sexuality and marriage of the aged and to examine the attitudes in relation to social norms. The samples were 486 middle-aged couples, and 388 male and 415 female students.
The results are summarized as follows :
With little difference due to the generation or sex generally, most of the respondents would agree to both the marriage of their own aged parent and to the marriage of other aged. Very few of them think that they themselves ought to make efforts to ameliorate the loneliness and disability of their aged parent. With reference to this, few of them consider it wrong for the aged to take an interest in the opposite sex and feel sexual urges. Social repression of sexuality and marriage by both aged males and females has been decreasing.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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