As a preliminary step of the microbiological examinations of frozen fish, a study of the bacterial counts was carried out. The results obtained are reported as follows together with some additional information.
1. The deterioration in freshness was proportional to the bacterial counts at low temperature (-40°C), and the counts showed the same patterns as in the case of the pure culture. There appeared to be no connection between the putrefaction rate and the degree of the initial contamination.
2. The number of living bacteria seemed to be closely related to the level of volatile basic nitrogen (VB-N). The initial putrefaction point based upon the bacterial counts comes earlier than that based upon the level of VB-N. The putrefaction may be progressing at the time when the initial putrefaction point in terms of VB-N is detected.
3. There is positive correlation between the number of bacteria and that of coliforms in the flesh of fish. It is significant that the number of coliforms can be determined rapidly as the index of spoilage of the frozen fish.
4. Similarly, the bacterial counts in the ice glaze correlate with the number of bacteria and coliforms on the surface of the fish. This fact suggests that the frozen fish suffers from the secondary contamination.

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Physical behavior of water in margarine and butter was investigated. By analyzing the adsorption isotherm by means of B. E. T. equation, it was found that there was about 1 to 1.5 per cent (wet basis) of water adsorbed as a monomolecular layer in contact with the fatty phase and the rest of the water was adsorbed forming multi-layers. The former appeared to be more firmly adsorbed than the latter. Dielectric measurements were also carried out to ensure the presence of the different states of water. Dielectric losses in the radiowave region distinguished the difference mentioned above.

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In order to obtain information on the stability of chlorophyll-protein complex in the chloroplast of plant tissues, the effect of heat, acid, light and transition metals (Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺) on the chlorophyll of model system with chlorophyll a and egg-albumin was studied.
1. Chlorophyll which is not combined with protein is easily decomposed by heat (60°C) and acid (citric acid-HCl buffer solution, pH 5.0). Furthermore, it is *remarkably decomposed by light. While, the chlorophyll of chlorophyll-protein system is relatively stable as compared with chlorophyll uncombined with protein.
2. Chlorophyll which is not combined with protein is easily decomposed by the transition metals Fe²⁺ (10^-3M) and Fe³⁺ (10^-3M). Especially, it is notably decomposed by Fe³⁺. While, the chlorophyll of chlorophyll-protein system is remarkably stable against transition metals Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺.
3. On the basis of the above results, the author suggests that the chlorophyll-protein complex in the chloroplast is relatively stable against heat, acid and transition metals.

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Studies on water permeability of fabrics were pursued as a clue to obtain the knowledge of mechanical action in the washing process.
Velocity of the penetrating flow (denoted by v) and the pressure drop (ΔP) across various fabrics were measured in the tube flow equipment by means of a floatmeter and a mercury manometer, respectively.
The main results were as follows :
1. Increases of both the flow velocity and the number of layers of the fabric made the pressure drop greater.
2. Higher temperature of the water made the larger penetration through fabrics.
3. Saran twill and polyester taffeta markedly increased the pressure drop as time went on.
4. Experimental results of polyester taffeta at one minute after the beginning of flow were represented by the following empirical formula :
ΔP=A+B+Bv+Cv²
where A, B and C are constants within a definite system. The deviations from this equation in other fabrics were discussed.

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It is usual technique in dress making to make agreement between the warp direction of fabric and the lengthwise direction of the clothes. In these days, however, this agreement is not maintained very often because of special designs of clothes.
In the present paper, the authors have studied the effect of the anisotropic tensile properties of fabrics on transformation of clothes during making and wearing.
In an effort to find out how the tensile, shearing and bending transformation is made, slacks and skirts for the standard body form were sewed using the material vertically, horizontally, and diagonally. The extent of the transformation produced on the clothes during wearing was measured.
Through the experiments, the authors have found out that there is no significant difference in the magnitude of the transformation during wearing between warp and weft directions, but the transformation in bias direction is significantly larger than the above two directions.
It is apparent that the anisotropic tensile properties of fabrics affect the transformation of the fabrics during making and wearing, and have close relation to how one feels in the clothes.

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When clothing materials are used vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, transformation induced in the clothes differs from each other and it affects fitness and comfortableness of the clothes, stabilization of measurements, and feeling of oppression. It is supposed that these relationships are established by anisotropic mechanical properties of the clothing materials.
In this paper, the anisotropic tensile, bending, and shearing properties of clothing materials are measured and the results are connected with transformation of skirt and slacks which was shown in the previous paper.
It was found that transformation of the clothes had a relation to the anisotropic tensile, shearing, and bending properties of the clothing materials ; especially yarn and fabric structure of the clothing materials and the anisotropic tensile property had an effect on transformation of the clothes.

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The appearance of the lapel of the tailored collar is affected by the direction of the padding stitches, the physical performances of both outer material and interlining, and especially by the bending rigidity of them.
The authors have studied the combined effects of the padding stitch direction, the fabric, and the interlining on the mechanical properties of lapel.
The results obtained are as follows :
1. The direction of the padding stitches should be in agreement with the lapel line.
2. Strips diagonally cut out of outer materials and interlinings were pulled in the direction of their length and Poisson's ratio was determined concerning the warp and weft directions.
The value is somewhere between 0 and 1.
3. The bending rigidity of the interlining is generally larger than that of the outer material. The combined bending effect of the outer material and interlining is larger than the algebraic sum of the effects of both materials.

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In the previous report the authors studied the anisotropic tensile and bending properties of the outer material and interlining of lapel. In the present paper the authors have studied the effect of padding stitches on the constancy of the dimension of the lapel and found the increase of the thickness, the contraction of the width, the elongation of the length, and the change in the bending modulus, of the combined material sewed by padding stitches. The padding stitches were sewed by hand and by machine. The machine-made stitches were blind stitches and zigzag sewing.
The results obtained are as follows :
1. The combined material is lengthened or contracted by the padding stitches. Therefore the seam allowance at the lapel line should be appropriately adjusted according to the different kinds of interlining.
2. The bending modulus of the combined material depends on the padding stitch method.
3. The significant effect of the padding stitches on the bending modulus of the materials is observed in the case of the machine-sewed padding stitches.

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The author tried to stratify the outlook on the declining years adopting three characteristic indices.
A questionnaire was administered to the old folks at home of primary, junior high and senior high school pupils in and around Osaka City.
The collected data was examined by the method of the latent structure analysis.
The following results were obtained :
1. The outlook on their own declining years was divided into two classes-traditional and progressive.
2. It was verified that the above two-class model construction was applicable to each sampling object.
3. It was discovered that the probability of finding elderly persons who do not have higher educational background, earn a limited income, and have occupation in the area or organization which does not employ the age-limit system is much higher in the first class than in the second class.

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