In previous paper, it was reported that the deformation of material adjacent to the cut surface differs by the front side and back side of thin blade kitchen-knife (Usuba Hocho).
In the present study, vegetable kitchen-knife (Nakiri Hocho) is used in order to check the cutting process of materials and to study the nature of cut surface of materials. This experiment was carried out to select suitable kitchen-knife according to materials used for cooking and to the method of cooking.
As the materials to be cut flat fuse is used. After cutting the fuse with kitchen-knife about half way, studied the cut blade mark and measured deformation of cut material.
It is observed that cross-section of vegetable kitchen-knife has symmetrical form, and that even the blade point angle of vegetable kitchen-knife is smaller than that of the thin blade kitchen-knife, but the blade angle at the blade point is larger. Deformation of cut piece induced by vegetable kitchen-knife differs from that by the thin-blade kitchen-knife.

View full abstract

The method of determination of formaldehyde liberated from resin finished fabrics with phloroglucin is improved, and the procedure is as follows;
1. An accurately weighed fabric sample is placed in a stoppered conical flask and formaldehyde on the sample is extracted with a certain quantity of distilled water, preferably larger than 15 ml, for 1 hr at 25 ± 1°C while being agitated sometimes. Formaldehyde on water repellent finished samples is extracted with an aqueous solution of surface active agent. No necessity for cutting samples into small pieces contributes to simplification of the process.
2. 0.5% phloroglucin solution prepared with 2.5 N sodium hydroxide is added to 5 ml of the extract. That solution is allowed to stand for 5-6 minutes and the maximum absorption is read at 475 nm. The amount of phloroglucin solution to be added is adjusted according to the temperature of the extract.

View full abstract

Under various conditions similar to those in ordinary living, the amount of formaldehyde liberated from resin finished fabrics into the aqueous layers being in contact with them was estimated. The results are outlined as follows;
1. When the aqueous layer is neutral or acidic, the amount of formaldehyde liberated from samples increases considerably with time. But when the layer is alkaline, the amount of formaldehyde liberated is a small quantity and it hardly increases with time. A possible explanation for it is that the liberation and the decomposition of formaldehyde take place simultaneously in the alkaline medium.
2. The formaldehyde concentration of the liquid layer on the skin surface is considerably high and it becomes higher with a moisture decrease.

View full abstract

Drying performance, effect of load on the rate of drying and electric power consumption, of a home rotary dryer has been tested.
The weight of cotton cloths applied affected the rate of drying, and of course, the faster the lesser in weight, although the power consumption per unit weight of cloths decreases as the load increases.
Drying rate in the dryer being greatly influenced by the environmental conditions, i. e., room temperature and humidity, it is recommended for the rating of dryers to compare the decrease of regain of the cloths after 30 minutes' running at the same climatic conditions.

View full abstract

With the modernization of the way of living, the ancient Japanese folk costume is rapidly dying out, and it is hoped that this time-honored clothing will be preserved and recorded.
For some years past, the present writer has been studying pre-cotton textiles native to Japan-the cloths which were in existence before cotton was introduced into Japan and became widely cultivated for general use.
The present paper is focused on the weaving process of cloth made from the kudzu plant (Pueraria lobata OHWI) and the clothes made out of the cloth in Koshiki Island, Kagoshima Prefecture.
1. Fibers were taken out of the kudzu plant, not through the process of zymotechnics but by boiling the plant in lye.
2. Kudzu cloth was used for making working clothes, clothes for summer wear, fishing nets, bags for filtering funori (Gloipeltis furcata POSTELS ET RUPRECHT) and so on.

View full abstract

The aim of this research is to obtain systematical basic data for the designs and colours of clothing.
The women tested by us were students of some girls' junior colleges in the Okayama area, between the ages of 19 to 20, totalling 43 persons.
Each test was held by the visual method of measurement four times a year, such as in spring April 1971 (room temperature 20°C), in summer June 1971 (room temperature 26°C), in autumn November 1970 (room temperature 20°C), and in winter February 1971 (room temperature 12°C). Humidity was generally about 65% in all cases. Light given on the skin surface was 450 to 500 Lux.
As a result, many of them were found to have healthy complexions of a pale orange shade with a high grade of lightness. Depending on the different parts of the body, it was found that many of them had tints of a bright light yellowish brown, signified in Munsell code 5.0 YR or 7.5 YR.

View full abstract

A questionaire was administered to 2737 school children and their parents of two elementary schools in Nagasaki City in Japan, to find out the conditions which facilitate mothers' working out. Six percent of these children lost either the father or mother, and 30% have working mothers. These percentages are almost the same as those of the country. It is neccessary to have some institutions to take care of these children in our community as soon as possible.The husbands' income of working wives is considerablly lower than the other. Now a days, working mothers take the important role for their home economy. That means they work for living and not for leasurely pursuit.
A large proportion of the families with working mothers have neither babies nor infants. Working mothers' families often live with the grandmothers.

View full abstract

We have studied about Central Cleaning System. The purpose of this experiment is to get the data for designing the blower capacity, the pipe diameter and so on.
The summary of our results is :
1) Some relations between the vacuum pressure in the cyclone and the electric current of the blower are researched in our experiment. These relations are shown in the figure 37, which are classified according to the inclination of pressure variation. These are summarized in table 1. The smaller dp/dt or the incliation of pressure variation is, the larger is the correlation coefficient and the smaller is the coefficient of x in the regression equation : y=Ax+B.
2) We experimented on the pressure variation by some transported matters and some conditions of the transportation. The results are shown in the figure 8.
By these experiments, the following results are obtained. When the transported matters stop up in the pipeline rapidly, the electric current and the revolution of the blower are not influenced so much as these stop up slowly. In the case of the steady transportation, these vacuum pressures in the cyclone have a wide pressure range by the various transported matters and its quantity. And even when the vacuum pressure in the cyclone is same, the conditions of the transportation are different by the transported matters.

View full abstract

Several methods have been used for the calculation of energy expenditure so far, and lately RMR is used in Japan. The calculation has become comparatively accurate by RMR, but looking for an easier method, we made this trial.
We took house-wives as subjects and computed kcal/weight 10kg/min. The correlation is high between RMR and this method.
In order to calculate the consumption of energy in a day, we used this kcal/weight 10 kg/ min. that is easier than RMR. The results were not different from RMR.

View full abstract