Dynamic viscoelasticities in the gelation of agar solution are examined at the concentration of 0.5-2 percents, carrageenan solutions at 1-2 percents, and gelatin solutions at 2-4 percents by use of Rheolo Graph CV-100. The sensory evaluation of three kinds of gels, i.e. 1% agar, 2% carrageenan, and 3% gelatin with 10% sucrose is determined by semantic differential (SD) method, respectively. The dynamic viscoelasticities of agar and carrageenan solutions are measured at 30°C and 20°C, and the gelatin solutions at 10°C.
The following results are obtained :
1) The higher the concentrations of each solution are, the more the dynamic viscoelasticities are increased.
2) The dynamic viscoelasticities of the solutions with sucrose are much larger than those of the solutions without sucrose.
3) The dynamic viscoelasticities of agar and carrageenan solutions measured at 20°C are higher than those at 30°C.
4) Both the loss tangents of agar and carrageenan get increased with the increase of their concentration, but the loss tangent of gelatin gets decreased with the increase of its concentration.
5) The texture profiles of each jelly obtained from SD method are closely related to their rheological properties.

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In the preparation of custard pudding by using maltitol syrup which has the same sweetness as that of sugar, the optimum compound ratio and heating condition were studied.
1) Egg of 100 in weight, three levels of milk of 165, 220 and 275 in weight, three levels of sugar of 35, 60 and 85 in weight and maltitol syrup of 2.2 times in weight of sugar were compounded. These maltite puddings showed smaller hardness and smaller breaking strength, but larger strain than sugar pudding, and had large amount of syneresis separated from the gels.
2) The ordinary heating (steam heating for 18 min at 85°C) was compared with the high. temperature short time heating (steam heating for 3 minat gas flow of 6 liter/min, and after-heating for 5 min). No significant difference was in the gel character of sugar pudding between both heatings, but the better trend was found in the gel character of maltite pudding at the high temperature heating.
3) It was found from the result of sensory test that the optimum compound ratio for maltite pudding was egg of 22%, milk of 48% and maltitol syrup of 30%. It amounts about 50% lower energy than that of the optimum compound ratio for sugar pudding.

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Puddings were prepared by using of sugar and maltitol syrup with the following compounding ratio, which had the same saccharide and water content and then compared.
Sugar pudding; egg 100, milk 220, sugar 60, water 20. Maltite pudding; egg 100, milk 220, maltitol syrup 80.
1) There was a difference in texture and sweetness between the puddings as the result of sensory test.
2) Sugar pudding showed a little reddish yellow color and had strain modulus of 16.2%, Young's modulus of 1.35×10⁴ dyn/cm², hardness of 7.49×10³ dyn/cm², breaking strength of 47.3×10³ dyn/cm², instantaneous modulus of 31.7×10³ dyn/cm², and equilibrium modulus of 8.24×10³ dyn/cm². Maltite pudding showed nearly colorless and had strain modulus of 18.9%, Young's modulus of 1.16×10⁴ dyn/cm², hardness of 7.43×10³ dyn/cm², breaking strength of 42.9×10³ dyn/cm², instantaneous modulus of 27.3×10³ dyn/cm² and equilibrium modulus of 6.76×10³ dyn/cm².
Maltite pudding had much amount of syneresis separated from gel and was more breakable, weaker, softer and more deformable.

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To investigate the effective utilization of FBAs especially in the washing process of textile materials and to prevent the environmental contamination, properties of several reactive-type FBAs-fixation, ratio, whitening effect, and wash fastness-were examined and compared with theseof corresponding direct-type FBAs. Both series are triazinyl stilbene type FBAs. The results are summarized as follows :
1. The fixation ratios of each reactive-type FBA on cotton differ from the substituted groups on cyanuric rings of each FBA. But these ratios are almost equal to the adsorption ratio of corresponding direct-type FBAs.
2. Desorptions of FBA from the reactive-type FBA whitened samples are very little, and wash fastnesses are extremely superior to that of corresponding direct-type FBAs.
3. On the other hand, maximum reflectance obtained by the reactive-type FBAs was about 138%. These values are compared unfavourably with those of the direct-type FBAs.
Now we are investigating different series of reactive-type FBAs which have superior whitening effect together with excellent wash fastness.

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The replicas of the lower trunk and the thigh surfaces were taken by using a gypsum method on 7 female subjects (21 to 25 in ages) under 4 standardized lower limb positions : normal position, abduction 30° and flexion 30° at the hip joint, and flexion 90° at both the hip and the knee joints. Those replicas obtained were developed to the patterns and the changes in shape and area of those were measured. Typical displacement and transformation of the body surface patterns were showed geographycally in Fig. 4-a to c. Partial changes in surface areas were showed numerically in Table 1 and geometrically in Fig. 5-a to c. The characteristics of regional body surface changes were discussed as follows :
1. Constrictions of the lower trunk surface were observed in flexion side and extensions of it were in opposite side. So the surface changes in that region seemed to be influenced directly by the direction and the amount of lower limb movement.
2. The pieces which showed the maximum constriction or extension were existed in such thigh base region as inguen, trochanter and sulcus gluteus.
3. The changes of those pieces seemed to include not only an elastic change of skin itself but also opening and shutting of fold structure of it.
4. Changes in the thigh region were observed a little.

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Principal Component Analysis has been applied to 64 anthropological measurements of 700 adult Japanese males aged 20 to 59. As a result five factors were extracted and characterized. Then individual principal component values for each factor were calculated, and their changes with age were examined in order to survey the variations of synthetic body size and shape with age.
The main results are as follows :
1) The first principal component could be regarded as a total body size factor, the second as a lean-obesity factor, the third as a shoulder width factor, and the fourth as a trunk height and limb length factor.
2) The total body size became the largest in the 30-34 years. There was a strict tendency to corpulence with age. The shoulder width decreased between the 30-34 years and the 40-44 years. The trunk height had a tendency to decrease with age, whereas the relative upper limb length had a slight tendency to increase.

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The purpose of this report is to survey the degree of soundness of housewives' home life with minors, through a questionaire; and also to test the validity of the tentative indexes prepared. The results are as follows :
1. The degree of soundness is significantly high in the aspects of stress, the unity of a family, and conjugality.
2. The degree of soundness is most closely related to the unity of a family and satisfaction of home life.
3. No significant difference in the degree of soundness is observed in items of family pattern and with or without occupation. A slight difference, however, is observed in each stage of the family cycle. Such difference becomes greater in proportion to the development of life stage

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This study has been performed to find out the actual situation and the problem of the kitchen, in the general houses in Japan. Especially, in this article we expect to analyze on the actual situation and the estimation of dwellers for the kitchen in the detached houses, and to know the tendency of variation of the way of cookery. The subjects of this investigation were 222 housewives who had a daughter in undergraduate course. The investigation was carried out by the inquiry papers in July, 1975.
The results are as follows :
1. The “DK” type of the kitchen is predominant in the detached houses, and the homemakers who work in this kitchen are satisfied with their kitchen.
2. On the space of kitchen, they are satisfied with more than 14 m² in the case of the “DK” type of the kitchen, and more than 8 m² in the case of the “K” type of the kitchen. That is, they like more spacious kitchen.
3. On the layout of the base cabinet counter in the kitchen, the “I” shape type or the strip type is most popular.
4. Although the storage space of the kitchen in the detached houses are larger than that of the ready built houses, the homemakers of the detached houses still desire larger space. It is inevitable that the storage space will become the most important problem on the design of the kitchen.
5. At present, many homemakers use the instant foods, the ready-made foods and the frozen foods, but these facts still have not a powerful effect on the design of the kitchen and the way of cookery.

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The nursery facilities for sick children of working mothers have not been given much attention in community planning.
The purpose of this report is to survey the working parents' recognition of the need for such facilities, and to study on the distance from users' homes to the facility in community planning.
We studied about Hirakata City, Osaka, where the facility has been operating since 1969 as an independent facility. It is the earliest facility of its type in Japan. The results were as follows :
1) Ninety-four percent of the users, and 88% of the non-users recognized the necessities for such facilities in the community.
2) The facilities are highly evaluated because parents can continue to work, while at the same time the rapid recovery of children from illness is promoted.
3) Nearly half of the non-users stated that the reason they didn't use the facility was that it was too far from their residences.
4) Such facilities should be located no more than 2 km from the parents' residences.

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[in Japanese]

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