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Volume 27, Issue 8
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Yaeko MUTO, Atsuko SHIMADA, Fujiko YOSHIMATSU1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 523-527
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifferences in the various characteristics of lard for cooking were observed when heated to 160°C, with or without addition of minced raw ginger.
1. As a result of sensory test, when lard was heated with ginger, it was more palatable and less oily taste than the one which ginger was not added. And the same results were confirmed in case of sautéed rice and sautéed pork.
2. The tests on acid and iodine value, viscosity, and surface tension of the above samples were about the same results. However, the samples which are heated with ginger showed lower 2-thiobarbituric acid value, and larger emulsifying capacity than those which ginger was not added.
3. The volatile components of lard, ginger and their mixtures were compared by the method of gas-liquid chromatography. The results were clear that the heating of lard with ginger or without ginger did not show the differences in quality and quantity. Therefore, it would be assumed that the volatile components of ginger would cover that of the lard, and this phenomenon would give less oily taste on the sensory test.View full abstractDownload PDF (882K) -
Iyoko KAMIYA, Sachie OGANE, Yoshiko KAWAI, Michikazu TANAKA1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 528-533
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe beauty of Japanese clothing kimono depends mainly on the personality of dressing rather than its construction. Especially the appearance form of kimono eri i.e. the neckband of Japanese clothing in dressing is the most important point in its beautiful appearance. This paper is concerned in the variety of the appearance form of kimono eri in dressing. The geometrical dimensions of various parts in eri are measured on the many photo plates of kimono dressing. The main results obtained are as follows.
1. The crossed angle of kimono eri at breast is 60°-80° in younger female generation, 50°-70° in older female ages and 40°-60° in male.
2. The collar of western style clothes is tailored rationally to fit the shape of neck, but kimono eri is simply cut out in long band and is dressed in various appearance form according to the personality.View full abstractDownload PDF (744K) -
Shizue OHNO, Junko KURASAKI1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 534-538
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSkin temperature, clothing surface temperature and heat flow value through clothes were measured for various distance of clothing layer in each position of body respectively. The results are as follows. 1) The distance between clothes in each items partitionaly were obtained by the method to take off the direction from the most outer wear to under wear. 2) In proportion to the increase of distance of clothing, clothing surface temperature decrease almost exponentially, and heat flow value had the same tendency. 3) If the distance is equal, heat flow value differ with a kind of clothing material, and the facts is the same about a kind of position of body. 4) Thermal insulation value of air, Ia in this study was different from Burton's Ia under the same thermal environment. 5) The effects of thermal insulation of various clothing assemblies obtained in each position of clothing respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (568K) -
Fumiko ISHIGE, Taeko NARUMI, Utako MATSUDA1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 539-543
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe amount of ease at the sleeve cap plays a big role in the appearance of the garment, the comfort for wearing, and the pressure to the motion of upward arm. In addition, the technique of setting in the sleeve is difficult.
Experiments on the amount of ease at the sleeve cap of the garments which were made of various woven fabrics have been reported by the author previously (cf. J. Home Economics, 6, 156 (1955)).
The present experiments were performed in order to throw light on the differences between woven fabrics and knitted fabrics. Two types of knitted fabrics were used in this paper : one was thin cotton and the other thick wool. The appearance, the comfort for wearing, the pressure to the motion of upward arm, and the misfit of garments were examined.
The typical results were as follows :
1. The differences in the amount of ease were found between types of knitted fabrics.
2. The amount of ease at the sleeve cap of the thin knitted fabrics should be less than woven fabrics of comparable weight, but the thick ones are needed more ease.View full abstractDownload PDF (943K) -
Effects of Munsell Chroma on Hue Discrimination ThresholdsYukie KATO, Reiko HASHIMOTO, Fujiko SUGIYAMA1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 544-548
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to establish the method of indicating the small difference in color, relationship between the physical measurement and visual test has already been reported partly by the authors. The effects of Munsell chroma on hue discrimination thresholds were measured by sensory test with the samples having Munsell value and chroma of 6/8, 6/4 and 6/2 respectively at different hues.
Correlation between visual assessments and the color difference equations by these samples together with that of 6/6 samples, the results of which have previously been reported, was investigated.
It has been clarified that the threshold value of the hue is affected considerably according to the differences in chroma. The Adams' color difference equation agrees most satisfactorily with the psychological values.View full abstractDownload PDF (831K) -
Housework in Tokyo in 1920sKazuko OMORI, Etsu KATO1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 549-553
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to demonstrate what influence industrialization in the modern age has on housework, a research was conducted on housework in the 1920s.
A study was conducted on 250 housewives who completed the girls' high school in Tokyo and continued to live there in the 1920s after their marriage.
The results of the study are as follows :
Of the subjects 84.1% employed a maid, 87.9% used gas and 83.1% used city water. The level of living of the subjects were high in relation to those who lived in Tokyo in 1920s. But the load of housework was quite heavy. Especially, much sewing had to be done to prepare clothes for the family, floors and doors had to be wiped with a damp cloth when cleaning the house, and clothes had to be washed in a tub by hand. A maid has been hired for this kind of work, because on the one hand housework was looked down upon since the feudal times. On the other hand, because of the serious depression in Japan in the 1920s, many young women had to work for living. There were no other professions for women other than doing housework as a maid.View full abstractDownload PDF (800K) -
Maid Employment in the 1920sKazuko OMORI, Etsu KATO1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 554-558
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs mentioned previously in the first part, upper middle-class families in Tokyo employed maids in the 1920s. As to the division of work between the housewife and the maid, administrative work was done by the housewife, while physical activities like boiling rice, wiping floors with a wet cloth, washing clothes by hand, etc. were done by the maid.
Of the subjects (employing maids) 93.4% had a maid's room. About the content of meals, 68.9% answered that there was no discrimination against the maid. However, 71.1% of them answered that the family did not sit together with the maid at the same table. Maids were usually given holidays on the New Year and the Bon festival, or once every month. In most cases maids were taught manners and sewing. Their salary was about five yen a month around 1925. Though the majority of the families treated their maid as though she were one of them, there was considerable difference between the master and the maid in social rank.View full abstractDownload PDF (872K) -
Comparison on Course of Study Between Japan and the United StatesHarumi KIMURA, Sachiko TANABE1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 559-565
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a means of insuring accuracy of communication about home economics educational objectives, their effectiveness of communication was compared with their descriptive usage especially with vocabulary in the Course of Study of two countries, Japan and the United States.
Findings and implications are as follows :
1) Objectives in the U. S. material are described in behavior-oriented words which were systematized by Bloom's Taxonomy. In contrast to the U. S., Japanese expression is poor in vocabulary ; behavior-oriented words used in the material are only three, which are “know”, “think” and “do” to describe pupils' outcomes. Poor vocabulary permits uncertain communication and various interpretations.
2) Means are corresponded with objectives precisely in the U. S. material. On the contrary, Japanese objectives are abstractly expressed, whereas contents as means are detailed and involve every element of the curriculum. The means tend to be treated as if they were objectives.
3) Japanese Course of Study should be reorganized according to the principles of Bloom's Taxonomy, in its description of objectives to insure their precise communication. To this purpose, the U. S. material is useful.View full abstractDownload PDF (1092K) -
Sakae OISHI1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 566-568
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Nobuko TANAKA, Keiko KOBAYASHI, Hiroshi OKAMURA1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 569-572
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (805K) -
Hiroshi OKAMURA1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 573-576
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Ayako HIROSE1976 Volume 27 Issue 8 Pages 577-580
Published: December 20, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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