To clarify the differences between the addition effects of “Sake” and those of heat-treated one on the properties of potato starch paste, a study was made on the changes in contents of some constituents of “Sake” caused by heat treatment. Effects of these constituents and some other factors on the gelatinization of potato starch were also examined by using a model solution of “Sake” containing organic acids and their salts.
The results obtained were as follows :
1. There was no change in contents of the constituents of “Sake” by heat treatment except alcohol. The change in alcohol content caused the different effects between “Sake” and heattreated “Sake” on the physico-chemical properties of potato starch.
2. The addition of “Sake” and heat-treated “Sake” depressed the swelling of potato starch granules and lowered the viscosity measured by Brabender Amylography. Ethanol also depressed the swelling of potato starch granules at about 80°C.
3. The magnitude of decrease in viscosity of potato starch by adding “Sake” largely depended on the salt concentration of the organic acids in “Sake” and less on the hydrogen ion concentration.

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The molecular characteristics, dynamic viscoelasticity in the gelation process and gel of variously demethylated low methoxyl pectin are examined. The following results are obtained :
1) Methoxyl contents of ammonia-demethylated (ALM) pectin, enzyme-demethylated (ELM) pectin, and acid-demethylated (CLM) pectin were found almost the same. Their molecular weights, and molecular sizes determined by light scattering method were (2.23.6) × 10⁵, and 650780Å, respectively.
3) The analyses of functional groups in variously demethylated pectin were performed by infrared spectroscopy using KBr-tablet method.
3) The storage modulus (E′) and loss modulus (E″) observed during gelation process of 1% pectin sol in the presence of Ca²⁺ were measured with Rheolograph PV-100. The order of the respective values of these three pectins were as follows :
E′ : ALM> ELM> CLM pectin, E″ : ALM> CLM> ELM pectin.
The mechanical loss tangent (E″/E′) value of CLM pectin was greater than those of other two types of pectin.
4) The dynamic viscoelasticity measured with Rheolograph CV-100 of 2% pectin gel was large in the order of ALM> ELM> CLM pectin. The pH dependence was large in the order of ALM> CLM> ELM pectin, showing that the molecular weight, molecular size, and types and contents of functional groups of pectin correspond sharply to changes in pH values.

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Experimental studies were made on the moisture content and some physical properties of the cookies which are to be used for teething babies at 6 months after the birth.
The results obtained are summarized as follows :
1. Adsorption-desorption isotherm of the baked cookies have shown hysteresis.
2. A correlation was found between the moisture content of cookies and their physical properties. With the increase of moisture content, the hardness continuously decreased in some cases, while, in other cases, it increased up to 10% of moisture then decreased. Coagulation tendency increased with moisture content up to about 20%, then decreased except the one prepared from glutinous rice. A correlation was also found between the hardness and shearing energy.
3. Among the cookies tested, the one made from corn powder was considered to be most suitable for teething babies from the view point of its hardness, shape, size and durability in the mouth.

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Hygienic investigation was carried out to find the most suitable method for the preservation of commercial liver paste which has high utility value for baby food.
1. Tin dissolved in liver paste from the inside of the can was less than 10 ppm, and viable aerobes in a canned paste were also less than 10 per g of the paste.
2. When liver paste was kept within 6 days in a refrigerator after opening a can, multiplication of bacteria in the paste was prevented. However the multiplication increased at temperatures higher than 20°C.
3. When liver paste was heated for 30 sec by an electronic range within 6 days after taken out of a can, sensory evaluations of the paste gave good results and preservable quality also much increased.
4. Frozen liver paste and lyophilized powder of the paste showed good preservable quality and gave favorable sensory evaluations.

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The difference threshold for viscousness of potato starch pastes was determined using the paired discrimination test by stirring the pastes with a spoon. The difference threshold was expressed in percent of correct answers given by two groups, one group consisting of 30 junior high school girls and the other 30 female students : 28.0% and 12.9% for the paste with a viscosity of 109 cP, 13.6 and 8.3 for that with a 1, 440 cP, and 14.4 and 12.4 for that with a 4, 470 cP respectively. (p<0.05 was obtained in all the cases.) The present results were well in accored with those obtainedby the oral evaluation reported previously : the difference thresholds obtained by both methods showed a minimum at 1, 440 cP and those given by the junior high school girls were larger than those by the female students. In addition, it was observed that the percentages obtained by the non-oral means were larger those by the oral evaluation method.

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This is a report of pilot research, the purpose of which is to elucidate the structure of the consciousness of life in clothing, especially of fashion. After making the statistic investigation according to the model to analyze the consciousness of fashion, I elucidated the structure of consciousness of fashion from the data obtained and divided it into four types by the Hayashi's quantitative theory III and the cluster analysis.
The results are as follows :
1) Fashion in clothing has become an indispensable factor to contemporary housewives.
2) In the evaluation of fashion, the effect of metamorphosis is most highly estimated.
3) As for the behavior toward fashion, we enjoyed dressing smartly of our own accord, taking the norms of dressing for granted and thinking much of them.
4) Those housewives who think highly of fashion and take positive attitude to dressing well or fashion amount to 70% of the whole. That explains that fashion has become quite popular.

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It is of great importance in Kimono-sewing that the streaks are marked on the cloth with appropriate thickness. When marked too thick, the cloth will be damaged. When marked too thin, the efficiency of the sewing will diminish.
In order to know the proper thickness of the mark, some experiments were made using 10 kinds of Kimono fabrics, 2 kinds of marker blocks and 3 degrees of the marking pressure. And the dents of the mark on a fabric surface were estimated quantitatively by the stylus method. On the other hand, the degree of the dents were assessed visually by five Kimono-sewing experts.
Consequently the high correlation has been found between the sensory scores of the dents and the rate of the dent.

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Crotch height is one of the important measurements for garment planning. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the estimation equation of crotch height using several measurement items of leg.
The data were obtained in 1978, on 292 boys and 286 girls aged 6 to 11.
Regression constants were calculated using 5 predictor variables (stature, waist height, iliospinal height, tibial height and lower half body height (stature-sitting height)) by least square method. The following results were obtained :
1. Five regression equations constituted by one predictor variable were obtained according to sex and age group. In each age group, the highest ratio of contribution by one predictor variable was observed as follows; stature (7 and 8 years), iliospinal height (9 years), and lower half body height (10 and 11 years) in boys; waist height (7 and 11 years), lower half body height (8, 9 and 10 years) in girls. It was found inappropriate to use the tibial height as one predictor variable.
2. As a whole, the multiple correlation coefficients were greater in two-item prediction than one-item prediction, and in a few cases the difference was significant.
3. Assuming that the practical permitted limit of the crotch height is within ± 1.5 cm, we decided the best when the regression equation was based upon the difference between real measurements and estimates in each age group and sex. The degrees of fitness of these estimates were 75-80% in boys and 85-90% in girls. It is found effective to use the iliospinal height as the predictor variable in most of these regression equations.

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[in Japanese]

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