Distributions of alpha-amylase isozymes in the extracts of Japanese-radish, Raphanus sativus L, were examined by polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis (PAGE).
The activity was demonstrated in three fractions. The fastest, A_I, and the slowest fraction, A_III, migrated as a sharp band, respectively, whereas the middle fraction, A_II, as a broad band. When PAGE was carried out by the gel containing potato soluble starch, the A_II fraction was further separated in 3 bands.
Those amylase isozymes were differentiated by the differences of the affinity to starch. When PAGE was carried out in the presence of soluble starch, the mobility of A_II and A_III fractions markedly retarded, whereas that of A_I did not change. Using the technique of the affinity electrophoresis, the dissociation constants of the reaction of the amylase isozymes with potato soluble starch were calculated. They amounted to 3.9×10^-3g/ml and 2.0×10^-3g/ml for A_II and A_III fractions, respectively.

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The phenomena of burning or olephilicity on surface of iron fryingpan would be considered to have many similarities to those of seizure or lubrication on the bearings in machinery. Therefore, the frictional coefficient of the mild steel specimens which were pretreated by many different methods were measured, and the relation between burning and frictional coefficient was discussed.
Among the testing specimens, it has been observed that the specimens heated at 200°C or 300°C after being oiled with soybean oil show low frictional coefficient, and the thin layer is formed on those surfaces.
From the infrared spectra of thin layer forming compound, it has been found that the metal soaps are formed from fatty acid and iron; i. e. chemical adhesion. The formation of the thin layers might result in low frictional coefficient on the surfaces of the specimens, and would keep down burning of the iron fryingpans during cooking.
These results have shown the intimate correlation between the frictional coefficient and burning of the iron fryingpans.

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With respect to fatty acid composition of lipids, 39 kinds of nonglutinous and 31 kinds of glutinous rice harvested widely in Japan were analyzed by gaschromatography.
It is found that 5 kinds of fatty acid constitute more than 95% of the total acids of the nonglutinous rice; 35-42% of oleic acid, 34-42% of linoleic acid, 15-22% of palmitic acid, 1-2% of linolenic acid and 1-2% of stearic acid. Vector pattern analysis, followed by F-test, indicates that the rice varieties from so-called Koshitsu-mai producing area contain more linoleic acid and less oleic acid than those from so-called Nanshitsu-mai producing area.
Glutinous rice appears to have quite similar fatty acid composition to that of nonglutinous rice except a slightly higher proportion of palmitic acid.

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In order to determine the fatty acid compositions of pileus and stipe of basidiomycetes, the lipid was extracted with chloroform-methanol (2 : 1) and analysed by gas chromatography.
The results obtained are as follows :
1. The pileus of Amanitaceae is rich in oleic acid, and linoleic acid is the main fatty acid in the stipe of the same family.
2. Linoleic acid is the most abundant in the pileus as well as in the stipe of the Agaricaceae.
3. Tricholomataceae is classified into three types according to the fatty acid pattern in the pileus : the first is characterized by a high proportion of linoleic acid, the second by that of oleic acid, the third type contains more than 10 per cent of linolenic acid.
4. Russulaceae contains stearic acid and ketostearic acid as major components in addition to linoleic acid and oleic acid.
5. Fatty acid compositions of basidiomycetes are determined by the taxonomic affinity rather than by the environment.

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In order to find effects of the period of practice, history of individuals and the hardness of cloth on the sewing efficiency, straight line sewing tests were performed to a group of junior college girls. Thirty-six freshmen and 32 sophomores were divided into two groups; one had gained the third or higher licence to manipulate abacuses, and the other not. A part of tests was repeated five times to every girl using hard cotton cloth and soft acetate cloth.
In consequence, it is concluded that,
1. Group of sophomores is superior in overall length of sewing at the limited time, to that of freshmen at the 1% significant level statistically.
2. Superiority in the number of stitches is also detected in the sophomores' group at the 1% significant level.
3. Accuracy of stitches is significantly better at 5% level in the freshmen group than in the sophomores'.
4. Group possessed licence have higher sewing efficiency than other group at 5% significant level.
5. Freshmen have higher sewing efficiency for hard cloth than for soft one. On the contrary, as to sophomores the result is opposite.

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Bleached shirting (without FBA) was treated in dilute detergent solution containing a FBA of bis-Stilbene series, the amount of FBA in the residual liquor (washing and rinsing) was estimated by applying the cellulose powder method.
Following results were obtained ;
1. So far as the accuracy of the determination of FBA concentration is concerned, cellulose powder extraction method proved to be superior to the ordinary colorimetric determination of residual bath.
2. After washing the bleached shirting with a model detergent containing known concentration of FBA, 30 to 50% of the total FBA in the detergent came out in residual solution without any adsorption to the substrate.
3. In FBA of bis-Stilbene and triazinyl-Stilbene series, the higher the washing temperature and the longer the washing time, the smaller was the effusion ratio into the solution, and both the temperature and time effect to the latter is more notable than the former.

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Investigations of the hours spent on daily work of non-employed and employed wives were held in 1956, 1961, 1967 and 1971. The results were compared with the investigation held in 1975.
The results were as follows :
1) On weekdays, working hours were generally decreased but social and cultural hours were increased on the whole.
2) For physical hours, weekdays decreased compared with the results of 1956 and 1975, but increased in 1975 from that of 1971. These were generally decreased for holidays and week-ends.
3) For homemaking hours, non-employed wives decreased in both weekdays and holidays and week-ends, but employed wives increased. For their husbands, results were almost same.

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Daily activities of married couples have been analyzed according to whether or not the wives are employed. This time we have transition in homemaking hours with the data of 1967, 1971 and 1975.
The results were as follows :
1. Non-employed wives are decreased for these hours. It is caused by decreasing child-care, education, sewing and knitting hours. Employed wives are increased, especially for those whose youngest child are of pre-school age, for child-care hours are longer.
2. Generally, cooking hours are longer, sewing and knitting hours are shorter, and laundry and clearing hours are almost same.
3. Cooperation by their husbands in homemaking tasks were not changed between these times.

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In order to observe the respiration curve and the electromyogram (E. M. G.) in practising “Naminui” sewing, and to examine the relation between the two, some experiments were made on pupils of elementary and lower secondary schools and some ordinary female adults. The bioelectric amplifier and the ink oscillograph were used as instruments, with electrodes attached to their forearm muscles. The results are as follows :
1. As for the “experienced”, a rhythmical pattern was observed both in the respiration curve and in the E. M. G., and there was some correlation between them.
2. The analysis of the data obtained from the experiments in “Naminui” sewing showed that, while the numeral values for lower secondary school pupils are close to those for adults, there was a wide gap between elementary school pupils and adults.
3. The evaluation based on this experiment approximately corresponded with that of the work itself.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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