Carbon-silica composites with mesoporous structures were synthesized from low-cost materials by conventional heating. The carbon source used was vinasse, a by-product of ethanol production from molasses, while Na₂SiO₃ and K₂SiO₃ were utilized as low cost and abundantly available silica sources as alternatives to tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The simple preparation method was adopted as follows: vinasse was dehydrated with 50% H₂SO₄ (1:2 in weight ratio) to produce carbon, after which the silica source was added with weight ratio of vinasse:silica source 0.8:1, 0.2:1 and 0.5:1 for Na₂SiO₃, K₂SiO₃ and TEOS, respectively. The mixture was stirred and heated at 80 °C for 6 h, washed with water, and dried at 120 °C for 3 h to obtain the carbon-silica composites. Composites were characterized by N₂ adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), moisture content, ash content, slurry pH, point of zero charge (pHPZC) and bulk density. The composites exhibited BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) surface areas of 443, 354 and 570 m²/g and average pore diameters of 5.20, 5.52 and 7.63 nm when using Na₂SiO₃, K₂SiO₃ and TEOS, respectively, as silica sources. The carbon-silica composites were highly mesoporous, accounting for around 71-80% of the total volume. FTIR analysis showed the presence of Si–O–Si bond for all composites. According to TGA results, the adsorbents were thermally stable up to 700 °C. The slurry pH and pHPZC of each composite was very similar with acidic character (slurry pH 2.63–6.80 and pHPZC 2.95–7.00). The bulk density of composites was 560–660 kg/m³, higher than some commercial activated carbons. These results indicated that the mesoporous carbon-silica composites prepared from vinasse and low-cost silica sources were promising functional materials for use as potential adsorbents.

Varnish problems in turbine oil of power plants in Thailand are still an issue today. The problems are the coefficient of friction of the oil will increase along with the increase in varnish concentration and varnish deposits. This creates problems in starting/re-starting of the turbine. Even with the advent of oil manufacturing research to improve base oil quality and antioxidant additive, varnish contamination starting problems have been one of the most concerning problems for maintenance. The most recent version of ASTM D4378-20 suggests that maintenance personnel should test their in-service turbine oil and monitor the membrane patch colorimetry with a warning limit at ∆E 30. This monitoring test is known as ASTM D7843-20 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricant Generated Insoluble Color Bodies in In-Service Turbine Oils using Membrane Patch Colorimetry (MPC). This study introduces the monitoring of soluble color bodies, in addition to the insoluble, at the same time. Focusing only on the value of insoluble-MPC test can sometimes be misleading and may cause inaccurate and ineffective maintenance decisions. In this paper, both soluble and insoluble color body analytical results from in-service gas turbine oils will be presented. Three power plants were monitored for both soluble and insoluble varnish. It will show how the use of a combination of soluble and insoluble color body assessments of the turbine oils would further improve the oil diagnostic services of turbine lubricants by providing insights into the capability of the lubricants to solubilize the oxidation by-products of the antioxidants and the highly refined base oil. Appropriate varnish removal technologies were also decided and applied to respond proactively to the varnish issues.

Medium-density fiberboard (MDF) was developed from Durio zibethinus (durian) husk using urea formaldehyde (UF) as binder. The output will be applied as an automotive panel, realigning the conventional application of MDFs. Fibers were recovered from the husk, the undersize of 10 mesh screen was used for board production. The optimal conditions were determined by different mixing ratios of UF with water and varying the pressing pressure. The undersized fibers and optimized board were characterized in terms of surface morphology. Moreover, the mechanical properties of fiberboards were also studied. Results showed that fiberboard was optimal at a press pressure of 640 kPa. It yielded an internal bond (IB) of 2.85±0.43 MPa, modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 3008±228.69 MPa, and modulus of rupture (MOR) of 22.25±2.61 MPa. These were compared against properties of commercial MDF based on American National Standards Institute (ANSI) specifications (IB≥0.6 MPa, MOE≥2500 MPa, and MOR≥22 MPa). Hence, these results proved that the optimized fiberboard has high potential for commercial application in the automotive industry.

再生可能な水素の生成と貯蔵を同時に操作することを目指して，クレゾールの存在下でセルロースのモデル物質と見なしたグルコースの水相改質反応を調べた。芳香環の水素化によってクレゾールが水素受容体として機能すると，グルコースから生成した水素はCO₂メタネーションなどの副反応に浪費されないだけでなく，いかなる場所へも水素を容易に運搬することができる。さらには，リグニン由来のフェノール性化合物を水素受容体に利用できる可能性もある。本研究では，アルミナ担持白金触媒を用いた反応を493 Kから553 Kの範囲で操作した。また，水素受容体の存在が水素の生成を促進する効果を検証するために，グルコース未添加の反応も実施した。

本研究では，無人航空機（UAV）による写真測量とStructure from Motion（SfM）を組み合わせたUAV-SfM手法により，エリアンサスの草高の推定を行った。SfMでエリアンサス群落の３次元データを構築する際，葉先のマッチングが困難であったため，UAV-SfM手法による草高の推定値は実測値より小さくなった。しかし，草高の推定値の決定係数は0.95以上であり，UAV-SfM法はエリアンサスの草高の推定に利用可能であることが確認された。また，高度50 mと100 mのUAVによる撮影で草高の推定値の決定係数はほとんど同じであった。したがって，UAVの飛行時間，および，SfM処理に利用する画像数を考慮すると，エリアンサスの草高推定ではUAVによる撮影高度100 mの方が適していると考えられる。