Japanese Journal of Social Welfare

A Study of Function and Process of Psychological Consultation for Residential Social Workers Who Support Abused Children

Shoko KATO

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 5-15
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_5

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

I performed a qualitative analysis of a psychological consultation interview for the purpose of clarifying the process by which residential social workers support abused children in a child home. The interview used for analysis was conducted intentionally for this purpose using an actual case study. Results suggest that the sharing of expertise concerning the psychological effects of abuse are very important to an effective consultation. It is also important to be sensitive to the feelings of the person receiving the consultation, and thereby enhance his or her sense of empowerment. The involvement of the consultation in posing questions actually seems to encourage those receiving the consultation to help themselves by their own strength. To the end of supporting abused children, intervention by psychological consultation is thus an important means for enhancing the relationship between residential social workers and abused children.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1178K)
Household Composition and Individual Characteristics among Recipients of Public Assistance

Naomi YUZAWA, Chisa FUJIWARA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 16-28
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_16

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Japanese government statistics classify recipients of public assistance into five categories of households: elderly, single mother and disabled households, households with injuries or diseases, and other households. However, the definition of households is not consistent. Government statistics also grasp the situation of recipients of public assistance only to a limited extent, as they do not specify educational attainment. In this paper, we examine all households who left public assistance in 2005 in city A, and reexamine the existing categorization of households by looking at household composition. We also add injury, handicap and educational attainment in analyzing the characteristics of households receiving public assistance. We find that: 1) also in households other than those classified as disabled, injured or ill there is a relationship between disability, injury, disease and poverty; 2) there are also a number of other households with children other than single mother households and it is necessary to examine 'child poverty'; and 3) that the educational attainment of the head of household and his/her spouse tends to be comparatively low. In light of these characteristics, we argue that it is necessary to add new indicators in order to grasp the situation of households receiving public assistance.

View full abstract

Download PDF (2359K)
The Issues of Community Placement Focused on the Nature of Income Structure of People with Intellectual Disability

Miho OMURA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 29-40
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_29

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This study focuses on an analysis of economic basis, consisting of earned income and income security, of people who live in commuter dormitory for people with intellectual disabilities in two areas. The results of the study are as follows: First, earned income is influenced by exemptions of minimum wage in both areas, and by the length of working hours in area B. The degree of disability and the age affects income security in both areas. Second, 4 types appeared in each of the two areas, typified by 3 baselines; The minimum standard of living, the amount necessary for living in commuter dormitory and the level of disability pension. The income of each type is greater than the amount necessary for living so that they are able to live in commuter dormitory. Following these results, models focused on economic basis of placement from commuter dormitory to community are showed by income type and the structure of economic basis focused on income is discussed.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1544K)
What is the Relationship with Support Staff as Desired by People with Severe Intellectual Disabilities Living in Community Residential Support? : A Qualitative Analysis of Results and Process of Community Residential Support wherein Support Staff Introduce the Application of the Active Support Model to Person-Centered Planning

Katsunori FURUI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 41-56
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_41

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This study aims to discuss the results and process of "community residential support wherein support staff introduce the application of the active support model to person-centered planning for people with severe intellectual disabilities". Further, this study aims to examine the relationship between those with severe disabilities and the support staff at community residential homes. A qualitative analysis of field notes revealed the following findings. The staff initiated a choice-making support cycle that involved (1) understanding the self-selection the residents made in their daily life; (2) suggesting roles in the group/care home, things that residents looked after themselves, the joys of group/care home life, and things that could be done for the betterment of health conditions of residents; and (3) reflecting residents' experiences by mutual understanding. This support cycle reduced the resident's uneasiness, and increased their choices, approval of their behavior, and their experiences of success. Thus it can be concluded that there exists a mutual relationship between people with severe disabilities and their support staff. A case analysis revealed that residents supported the involvement of the staff and that the staff helped them by continuing such supporting behavior through trial and error.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1815K)
The Crisis of Blind Groups' Vocational Independence and an Attempt to Overcome it : Focusing on Takeo Iwahashi's Establishment of the Osaka Lighthouse

Ritsuko KONISHI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 57-67
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_57

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

In early modern Japan, blind groups enjoyed a level of economic independence achieved mainly through the practice of acupuncture, Moxibustion and massage. The Meiji era, however, saw the emergence of sighted professionals in these professions, which had traditionally been exclusively practiced by the blind. This compromised the blind groups' vocational independence. This paper focuses on the Osaka Lighthouse, which Takeo Iwahashi established in an attempt to overcome this crisis, and examines the process of its establishment and Iwahashi's goals. Iwahashi took an interest in the concept of "reasonable protection," which affirms the blind as self-sustaining by compensating for their handicap. This concept provided a background for the resolution of issues concerning the blind in the U.S. and Europe. To introduce social work for the blind, which Iwahashi investigated in the U.K., to Japan, he envisaged a form of Japanese-style social work for the blind that would suit the circumstances of Japan, and established the Osaka Lighthouse as a testing ground.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1329K)
A Study on Interactions among Residents with Intellectual Disabilities, Care Workers and Staff Members in Group Homes : Control Process of Daily Routines, Drinking and Eating, and Going Out

Ryo SUZUKI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 68-81
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_68

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

This paper discusses how opportunities for making decisions about daily routines, drinking and eating, and going out by residents are controlled through interactions among residents, care workers and staff members at group homes in Colony Z, based upon the theory of Goffman. The power relation in which care workers have more power than residents is constructed through identity politics between residents and care workers. Also, this relation shapes/is shaped by power relations between residents, or between care workers and staff members. Nevertheless there were cases found where residents resisted the rules, and care workers/staff members did not interfere with their activities so that power politics became ineffective. In this case although care workers/staff members suffered from a dilemma, they guaranteed residents' freedom for making decisions and mistakes. But if care workers/staff members could not tolerate residents' behaviors because of risk regarding intellectual impairments or because responsibilities are excessively imposed upon the service provider, they restricted residents' freedom.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1555K)
The Canon of Solidarity and Severe Learning Disability : The People Who were Banished from Justice

Kohichiroh TANAKA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 82-94
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_82

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the following issues: 1) what was the logic by which severe learning disability was banished from the canon of solidarity of liberalism, and how was it banished? 2) What is the significance of the viewpoint of severe learning disability in reexamining the canon of solidarity of liberalism? 3) What kind of issues arise by reexamining the canon of solidarity of liberalism through the viewpoint of severe learning disability? To place the viewpoint of severe learning disability that was banished from the canon of solidarity of liberalism has some relevance. First, the viewpoint will bring to light the limitation of the canon of solidarity of liberalism. Second, the viewpoint will break fresh new ground in the debate about the canon of solidarity. Reexamining the canon of solidarity of liberalism will clarify the issue as one of conjugation or coexistence of care and justice through demanding the cancellation of the limitation of membership in liberalism.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1568K)
Comparison of the Information Disclosure Systems for the Nursing Facilities in Japan and the U.S.

Yuki SAWADA, Katsunori KONDO, Michiyo ITO

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 95-109
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_95

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Japan has launched an information disclosure system in 2006, which provides consumers with information to assist them in comparing nursing care providers. Although providers have complaints about the system (how information is gathered and provided, its cost and the frequency of inspections) it is assumed that this system will encourage consumers to choose high quality providers, which in turn will improve their quality of care. Similarly, the U.S. has developed a web-based information system in 1999, which offers comparison data for all nursing facilities in their country and is well accepted by providers. For the purpose of determining how it can contribute to improve the quality of care in Japan, this article presents an analysis of the information systems in Japan and the U.S. to examine the similarity and dissimilarity in areas of its concept, information gathering, cost and inspection. It also analyzes whether viewpoints of the structure, process, and outcome were included in the reported items in both systems. The results suggest that there are differences between Japan and U.S. systems and it is important to (1) include evaluations, which would improve quality of care, in the information system, (2) use information that can be collected in everyday duties and, (3) introduce items evaluating outcomes.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1605K)
Prevalence and Characteristics of the Socially Isolated Elderly in a Large Urban Area

Masashige SAITO, Yutaka SHIMIZU, Mai YAMAGUCHI, Sachiko TAKEI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 110-122
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_110

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The purpose of the present study is to estimate the prevalence of the socially isolated elderly and to describe their socio-demographic characteristics. The subjects were 2,907 elderly (aged 65 and over) individuals residing alone in Itabashi Ward of Tokyo. Among them, 1,391 (47.9%) individuals responded positively to an interview. The respondents were asked to give the names of persons, up to 10, with whom they had intimate relationships, including relatives, friends, and neighbors, and to report the frequency of meetings or visits and contacts by telephone, letter, or e-mail with each one. Based on these responses, those who had no intimate relationships were termed "extremely isolated," and those who did have intimate relationships but with a frequency of contact of less than once a month were termed "semi-isolated." The major findings were as follows: 1) the rate of prevalence of the socially isolated (extremely isolated and semi-isolated) elderly were respectively 10.8 and 16.6% of the elderly living alone; 2) the majority of these persons were male; they tended to be unmarried or childless and at a very low income level regardless of sex; 3) approximately 80 to 90% had hardly any perceived instrumental support in daily life and/or emergency assistance from other persons.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1355K)
The State of Hoikushi (Nursery School Teachers') Training : An Analysis of Preparatory Courses from the Point of View of Education, Care-giving, and Child-rearing Support

Sachiko KITANO

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 123-133
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_123

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

As a result of current changes in society, Hoikushi professionals (nursery school teachers) are expected to have wider knowledge and skills than ever before. However, the training courses for Hoikushi seem to fall far behind in promoting professionalism compared to other professionals in the human services. This study conducts an analysis of the Hoikushi preparatory courses from the point of view of education, care-giving, and child-rearing support, based on course data, including the number of years of education, syllabi, qualifications and certificates, and professions of teachers' educators in training courses. The findings show that training tends to last 4 years; there are regional disparities; and many of the courses are not designed solely for one license. As a consequence, their contents are not specific enough to Hoikushi training. Based on the study, it seems desirable to extend the duration of the training courses, and at the same time, to introduce more field-specific content, that is to say, to focus on early childhood care and education.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1263K)
A Study on the Effectiveness of Strengths Based on Case Management : Support of Community Living for People with Slight Intellectual Disabilities

Kenichi OKUMURA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 134-147
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_134

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The purpose of this study is to show that (1) Strength based on case management is effective technique enabling client and social worker may make a good relationship of mutual trust; (2) the relationship leads to empowerment of the client and promotes independent action clearly through the practice of support in community living for a person with slight intellectual disability. This study shows the effectiveness of utilizing the Strengths Model of Rapp and Goscha (2006) and develops Case Management by a single-system-design from the viewpoint of Evidence-Based Practice. As a result, in the process evaluation, Mr. A showed independent transformation of action, and an improved evaluation for Mr. A from each support organization. Moreover, in the outcome evaluation, it was found that case interview visits concerning reputation were conducted a number of times and at an increasing ratio, and the full amount of credit card debt had been paid off.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1767K)
Researching the Lived Experience of Parents Who Have a Child with Illness and Disability : A Search for a Positive Meaning of Illness and Disability

Keiko TATEWAKI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 148-157
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_148

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Historically the literatures of the experiences of parents with a child having illness and disability were full of negative feelings such as Olshansky (1962)'s chronic sorrow, low self-esteem, and depression. In this paper I will introduce such past studies in four parts: 1) acceptance of disability, 2) stress management, 3) life-cycle, and 4) sociological approach. Then I will introduce the studies appearing from the 1980s, focusing on the positive side of the experiences of families with a child having illness and disability (Larson 1998; Stainton 1998; and Kearney 2001). Through emphasizing the positive side of the parents' experience, parents can have hope for the future and be more optimistic about the illness and disability. By listening to the parents' lived experience, using phenomenological methodology, we will discover the best practice for the families to cope well with illness and disability.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1134K)
Towards Community Based Social Support Network : Collabolation between Local Goverment and Residents for New Welfare Society System(Keynote Lecture,Forum)

Kensaku OHASHI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 158-163
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_158

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (716K)
Welfare Practice Based on Local Community(Symposium,Forum)

Keiko SUZUKI

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 164-168
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_164

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (586K)
Case Study of Community Welfare(Symposium,Forum)

Michie NISHIMURA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 169-174
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_169

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (687K)
Task of Community-based Welfare Practice : Community Support(Symposium,Forum)

Hiroshi FUJII

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 175-177
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_175

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (456K)
Comment form the Standpoint of Social Work Reseacher(Symposium,Forum)

Nobuyuki IWAMA

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 178-181
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_178

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (471K)
A Comment on the Two Cases from the Viewpoint of Regional and Community Studies(Symposium,Forum)

Hiroyuki SHIMIZU

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 182-186
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_182

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (636K)
Designated Presenter(Forum)

Masayuki SANBONMATSU

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 187-188
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_187

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (324K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 189-190
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_189

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (298K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 191-193
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_191

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (364K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 194-197
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_194

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (464K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 198-201
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_198

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (548K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 202-205
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_202

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (473K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2009 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 206-208
Published: May 31, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.50.1_206

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (378K)