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Shouji MORITA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
5-16
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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In 1906 Tadasu Yoshimoto established the Nihon Moujinkai (an association for Japanese blind persons) with the joint effort of Kounoshin Sakonjou. The Nihon Moujinkai tried to improve the living conditions of Japanese blind persons through the publishing of books written in braille, expanding away from his previous work to support blind persons in achieving professional independence. However, it was unsuccessful because of a lack of funds. After this tough experience, Tadasu Yoshimoto decided to raise funds for welfare for the blind himself. Pursuing this, he devoted himself to providing financial support and training leaders for blind welfare to realize his unfulfilled dream of comprehensive welfare support for the blind.
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Junko EMOTO
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
17-29
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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The OECD revised its social policy approach for persons at risk, such as people with disabilities or a single parent family, from compensation by way of income maintenance to encouragement of participation in labor markets, and has promoted Welfare-to-Work in parallel with Welfare-in-Work. However, in Japan, Welfare-in-Work policy is insufficient, especially in policies for employees with mental disabilities after becoming employed. In Japan, Labor measures for people with mental disabilities are rapidly increasing within the framework of employment for people with disabilities. However, 77.2 percent of companies have employees absent from the workplace for one month or more due to mental disorders. Employees with mental disorders have been increasing over the last three years in 56.1 percent of companies. Under such circumstances, employees with mental disabilities are placed between labor policies covering general workers and employment policies for people with disabilities. This article discusses the need for policies based on the new viewpoint of people with disabilities as well as the need for simultaneous reform of employment policies for people with disabilities and general labor policies, focusing as a first step on issues for employees with mental disabilities.
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Koichiro TANAKA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
30-42
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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In this article, I argue the recognition that is related to contents of the canon of solidarity that subsumes severe learning disability. The question of how to recognize severe learning disability is similar to the question of how to subsume severe learning disability into the concept of human being in the canon of solidarity. Justice and Liberalism have sustained the welfare state in the philosophical dimension focused on autonomy, therefore liberalism banished severe learning disability from its theoretical scope. First, I will discuss some ethical thinking that has been claimed as the concept of humane liberalism. And I will consider the possibility to recognize severe learning disability. Second, I will propound a concept of vulnerability that can subsume severe learning disability, and I will consider the possibility to establish the canon of solidarity from vulnerability.
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Kuniko KODERA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
43-56
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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The purpose of this study is to clarify the structure of service needs and relational factors among carers of young children who attend a rehabilitation center for children with disabilities. This study is designed by self-reported questionnaire survey, targeted to the carers of 20 rehabilitation centers for children with disabilities. The questionnaire was distributed to 669 carers, and 415 replies were collected : the response rate was 62.3%. The result of factor analysis identified four factors such as "guidance and communicative support", "respite, home help and health care", "financial support" and "support for child care". Furthermore, categorical regression analysis revealed 4 points. The first was that there were obvious needs of "guidance and communicative support" in spite of children's conditions, second was that needs of "respite, home help and health care" had a high relationship with children's conditions, third, social support had a small impact on needs factors, and the last point was that economic status and "role captivity" of "perceptions of the caregiving role" had a significant impact on needs factors.
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Takashi ISHIZUKI, Junko WAKE
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
57-69
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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The purpose of the present study is to examine the state of home-care service use and its associated factors among severely disabled elders who are certified in the care needs categories IV and V under the Public Long-term Care System, in Aichi prefecture, Japan. The elderly people with severe disabilities living in their homes for three years or longer (n=325) were compared with those severely disabled people who recently entered nursing homes (n=102). The Andersen behavioral model was used with stepwise multiple regression analysis. The nursing home residents showed higher service utilization ratio and a service utilization pattern of day-care and nursing home short-stay, whereas long-term community dwellers did not have a particular service utilization pattern. Multiple regression analysis found that the nursing home residents' service use was affected by predisposing characteristics and enabling resources, whereas long-term community dwellers' service use was affected by predisposing characteristics, enabling resources, and need factors. Based on these results, several points to improve support to severe disabled elderly in their community were discussed.
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Yumiko KOBAYASHI, Hidehiro SUGISAWA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
70-82
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Emotional support from children, given to elderly parents during, before and after early relocation to free-charging care homes for the aged was investigated from the residents' perspective. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 residents in elderly homes in Tokyo and performed qualitative analysis on the data. Results indicated that when parents tried to solve problems related to care from children, they faced differences in recognizing their children's and their own interests and also faced resistance from institutions. However, they were able to find new values through reviewing their life and getting support from others, and thus they decided to relocate to free-charging care homes for the aged. There were two patterns of emotional relationships between parents and children after relocation. If, during the process of decision-making to relocate, the relationship between them had been good, it remained stable after relocation. However, if the relationship had been bad, they built a new relationship based on mutual respect and maintained a good and stable relationship in the new care home.
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Xiaohua ZHENG, Kenji KURODA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
83-95
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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The aim of this study is to investigate factors related to functional decline among the elderly in urban China. We obtained data from 750 people aged 70 years old or more in Beijing and Shanghai, respectively. The results show that the decline rate of the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is high for people with low educational backgrounds, without a spouse, with many children, or who are living on their child's income. The decline rate of the activities of daily living (ADL) is high for people belonging to high age groups, or who have no pension. Both the decline rates of the IADL and ADL are high for people who do not possess good eating habits, have little social network and chance of going out, or who have no purpose of life. To prevent the functional decline among the elderly in urban China, it is important to spread knowledge about health to people with low educational backgrounds, support people without spouses or those who have little social network, and reinforce income security and medical security system.
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Koichi OGASAWARA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
96-99
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Nobukatsu OTOMO
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
100-103
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Mie ASAKURA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
104-107
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Kumiko ISHIKAWA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
108-111
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Yasuyuki SHIMIZU
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
112-115
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Yuko SUDA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
116-119
Published: August 31, 2010
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Joe TAKEDA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
120-123
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Noriko YAMANO
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
124-128
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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Masakazu SHIRASAWA
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
129-132
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
133-135
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
136-138
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
139-141
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
142-144
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
145-146
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
147-149
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2010 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
150-152
Published: August 31, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018
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