Japanese Journal of Social Welfare

Concept of Mental Health Welfare and the Future : Analysis of the Process of Reception of Terminology

Kyugoro HORIGUCHI

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 3-13
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_3

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In 1995, the Japanese Government amended the Mental Health Law and the Law Concerning Mental Health and the Welfare of those with Mental Disabilities (Mental Health Welfare Law) was legislated. The term "Mental Health Welfare" has come into common use in Japan since then. The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept and the future of Mental Health Welfare through an analysis of the process of reception of terminology. The results confirmed that there are six different meanings of usage in the Mental Health Welfare. The first known descriptions of Mental Health Welfare, or Mental Health and Welfare, appeared in literature as early as the 1990s. I have studied papers on Mental Health Welfare since the 1990s. Through the study I suggested that the papers of Mental Health Welfare are logically divided into two categories, welfare in mental health and medicine and welfare of mentally disabled persons. The concept of Mental Health Welfare shows some problems as how to schematize theoretical adjustment between Mental Health and Social Services. In addition, this paper proved that the concept of Mental Health Welfare is plunged in confusion by the Mental Health Social Worker Law of 1997 and the educational curriculum.

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Transition of the Prevention of Poverty : From the Standpoint of Understanding the Subject

Yukiko NOGUCHI

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 14-23
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_14

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The purpose of this study is to show that the concept of prevention of poverty is diverse. Although a great deal of research has been carried out in the prevention of poverty, little is known about the concept before the formation of the economic protection projects. It was found from the analysis that points of view about this concept changed from no able-bodied to low income and life over the period 1890-1920. After the enforcement of the economic protection projects, the low income class was included in the subject of relief, that is the prevention of poverty, and this means the points of poverty and the policy of treatment were changed. Consequently, the concept of prevention of poverty was vague and doesn't clarify the ways of looking at low income.Prevention of poverty

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Three Approaches in the Policy for Homeless People : Limitations of the Leaning toward Promoting Independence through Work

Soshiro YAMADA

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 24-33
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_24

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The purpose of this study is to examine the trends and features of the policy for homeless people in recent years as a result of their growing population. The policy can be analyzed as composed of three approaches : 1) promoting independence through work ; 2) promoting independence through welfare services ; and 3) eviction. This study reveals that among these approaches the 'approach to independence through work' has occupied the most prominent position through a series of governmental legislations and other related matters. However, the approach that tries simply to make homeless people return to the labor market has considerable limitations. 'Promoting independence through welfare services', hitherto rather depreciated in the policy for homeless people, should receive more emphasis, as well as promoting independence through work.

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Shift of Policy Logic on Single Mothers : Comparative Analysis of Employment Policy for Single Mothers in the UK and the Netherlands

Yu NAGATA

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 34-44
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_34

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The purpose of this essay is to examine the implications of policy change on single mothers in the UK and the Netherlands and demonstrate the shift of policy logic and the relationship between state and family, especially women, in both countries by analyzing employment polices for single mothers based on the ideal types of policy logic for single mothers. First of all, background data of single mothers in both countries are shown. Then, labour market participation promotion policies in both countries are analyzed. Finally, the conclusion discusses the implications of the policy changes of both countries. In conclusion, firstly, there might be a transition from 'care-giving model' to 'parents/ worker model' in the UK. In the Netherlands, the pace seems to be slow but the direction of change is the same. Secondly, in both countries, there may be no possibility for single mothers to devote themselves to the care of their children. The right of care might hinge on the condition that they find or seek a job. This means that 'commodification' of single mothers has been promoted. It could be concluded that degree of 'de-familialization' might be a watershed point ; whether both countries will shift to the ideal type of the 'parent/worker model' or the negative version of the 'parent/worker model'.

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The Structure of the Burden of Care Givers' Providing Care to Individuals with Higher Cortical Dysfunctions : Use of the Burden Interview Scale

Akira AKAMATU, Atsushi OZAWA, Masakazu SHIRASAWA

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 45-54
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_45

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This study aimed to examine the structure of the care burden of those families providing care to individuals with higher cortical dysfunctions by using The Burden Interview (BI Scale, Zarit, et al. : 1980). All samples was a convenient sample, from five caregiver's associations. The research design was a cross-sectional survey with self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included a set of items that assessed basic demographics of caretakers and caregivers, BI Scale (Japanese version) of caregivers. Four factors were extracted as a result of factor exploratory analysis. Concerning the care burden of the family, it was suggested that it was constructed from four factors of (1) negative emotion, (2) the limitation of the daily life, (3) emotional pressure, (4) care will. The similarity in structure of care of the demented elderly with the structure of the caregivers' burden of care of persons with traumatic brain injury was demonstrated.

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Inconsistencies of Needs and the Amount of Homehelp Service : Regarding User's Charge on Utility and Benefits Restrictions of Service in Long-Term Care Insurance

Harumi KAJI

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 55-64
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_55

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The objective of this study is to clarify inconsistencies of the user's needs and the amount of services. We conducted a survey on 1,570 homehelp service users. As a result, we have recognized the following : (1) It is difficult to satisfy the needs of someone whose abilitiy of payment is low, or who is in a state of high level of care. (2) The contributing factor of the lack of service lies in the fact that the person is unable to use the service due to self inhibition towards the use of service and benefit restrictions due to the maximum limits of provisions ; and (3) It is difficult to use services other than insurance even in cases where nursing care services are inadequate.

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The Practice of Support for the Child Growing up in an Inappropriate Environment : A Case Study in a Children's Home

Maki NOZU

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 65-76
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_65

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Maltreatment exerts a remarkable influence on a child's development. This case is a concrete record of the two years after the boy A, who grew up in an inappropriate environment, has been protected by a children's home. The environment where he grew up could be said to be one of neglect. His parents didn't submit registration of the birth of boy A, nor was he entered to the family register. He was almost never taken out from the room of the apartment. He spoke almost no word, being a toddler when he came in to the children's home. The developmental quotient of boy A was 40. It was diagnosed as the intellectual difficulty children of the middle degree by the development inspection for him at the time of protection. The developmental quotient of boy A after a half year was 65. He grew up rapidly and his developmental quotient after 2 years showed 77. He had first been raised in an inappropriate environment and therefore he was diagnosed as having intellectual difficulty. The main subject of this report introduces the growth process over 2 years of boy A by the result of the development inspection. Policy making in consideration of the stage of development is important for the support of those children who have experienced an inappropriate environment. In addition, the relations of the child's group are important.

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A Study of Early Educational Guidance for Children with Developmental Problems : Preparation of a Guidebook in Awaji Island

Fumi TAKABE, Yukari YAWATA

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 77-86
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_77

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A major problem in early educational guidance for children with developmental problems is the lack of collaboration and information in rural areas. A bulletinthat is local, professional, and comprehensive was envisioned to contribute to the development of a system to support children with developmental problems and their families and to promote collaboration among people engaged in medicaland health care services, welfare, and education. The association for preparation of a guidebook for children with developmental problems was founded by a group of specialists living in Awaji Island, and a guidebook, which has the merits of both formal and informal publications, was prepared. By conducting a questionnaire survey about this guidebook among people involved in the care of children with developmental problems , we confirmed that this guidebook was useful for the above objectives.

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Medical Social Service Given in Japan during the Pacific War : Analysis of the Social Service Record at St. Luke's International Hospital

Mayumi NAKANO

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 87-97
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_87

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This study is aimed at clarifying the medical social service which was conducted according to the case work originating from the European and American model at St. Luke's International Hospital during the Pacific War in Japan, through analysis of existing social service records. On the 125 cases which required the involvement of social workers because of the difficulty in paying medical expenses, we investigated the actual state of their living and discussed the results. People's life was hard and straitened. It was clear that the payment of medical expenses was generally an urgent problem. Furthermore, cases of persons being hospitalized immediately after their medical treatment accounted for more than 80%. This seeme indeed a force restraining people from receiving medical treatment. Cases of the medical expenses being paid by public expenditure accounted for more than 60%. The proportion of people wishing to do everything they could after receiving medical treatment was nearly 80%. It is possible that the case work supported the family's will to fight against illness and contributed to continuation of the medical treatment.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 98-100
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_98

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 101-103
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_101

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
2003 Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages 104-106
Published: November 30, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.44.2_104

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