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Volume 72 (2022)
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Special Issue: Toward the running of the first domestic BSL-4 facility for basic research
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Asuka NANBO, Shuzo URATA, Yoshimi TSUDA2022 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 125-130
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: January 13, 2024
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn recent years, numerous emerging and reemerging infectious diseases have occurred worldwide and have seriously threatened our society. As a countermeasure against the pathogens responsible for serious diseases (classified as class 4 pathogens), we are preparing for full operation of the first suit-type biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) facility available for basic and applied research at Nagasaki University. For the safe operation of these facilities, experienced and qualified personnel with appropriate skills and knowledge of biorisk management must be certified. Developing an appropriate training system is a prerequisite for ensuring the safety of users involved in research in a BSL-4 laboratory. Here, we introduce an overview of the content of the training program that we are currently establishing for the BSL-4 facility at Nagasaki University. We are designing this program to follow national and international guidelines and regulations in part by referring to experiences and materials derived from multiple BSL-4 facilities in other countries. The established training program system, including the formulation processes, will serve as a reference and will provide practical materials for other research organizations to develop their own high-containment laboratory training programs.View full abstractDownload PDF (3277K) -
Shintaro SHICHINOHE2022 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 131-138
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: January 13, 2024
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) laboratories are required for research on microorganisms that are highly pathogenic to humans and for which there are no prevention or treatment methods. Currently, the majority of BSL-4 laboratories in more than 60 around the world are suit-type laboratories using positive pressure protective suits. In 2021, the first suit-type BSL-4 laboratory in Japan was constructed at Nagasaki University. Positive pressure protective suits are important as primary barriers to protect workers from pathogens, but the selection process has been largely unexplored. Here, I describe the selection process for the positive pressure protective suits to be used at the BSL-4 laboratory of Nagasaki University, and introduce a novel positive pressure protective suit (PS-790BSL4-AL), which was originally designed and produced in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (3542K) -
Wakako FURUYAMA, Asuka NANBO2022 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 139-148
Published: 2022
Released on J-STAGE: January 13, 2024
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, outbreaks of highly pathogenic viruses, such as those of Ebola and Lassa viruses, have become a global public health issue. Such viruses must be handled in biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) laboratories. Currently, 62 BSL-4 laboratories are in operation, under construction, or planned in 24 counties. In this review, I provide an overview of the current status and characteristics of BSL-4 facilities in abroad and introduce my research on the wild-type Ebola virus at the BSL-4 facility in the USA.View full abstractDownload PDF (374K)
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Takanobu KATO, Hirofumi AKARI2023 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 149-158
Published: 2023
Released on J-STAGE: January 13, 2024
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough the current hepatitis B (HB) vaccine comprising yeast-derived small hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is potent and safe and used worldwide, specific concerns should not be ignored, such as the attenuated prophylaxis against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with specific amino acid polymorphisms, called vaccine-escape mutations (VEMs). We investigated a novel HB vaccine consisting of large-HBsAg that covers the shortcomings of the current HB vaccine in a nonhuman primate model. The yeast-derived large-HBsAg was mixed with the adjuvant and used to immunize rhesus macaques, and the induction of antibodies to HBsAg was compared with that of the current HB vaccine. The current HB vaccine predominantly induced antibodies to small-HBsAg, whereas immunization with the large-HBsAg vaccine mainly induced antibodies to the preS1 region. Although the antibodies induced by the current HB vaccine could not prevent infection of HBV with VEMs, the large-HBsAg vaccine-induced antibodies neutralized infection of HBV with VEMs at levels similar to those of the wild type. The HBV genotypes that exhibited attenuated neutralization by induced antibodies differed between these vaccines. In conclusion, the novel HB vaccine consisting of large-HBsAg was revealed to be useful to compensate for shortcomings of the current HB vaccine. The combined use of these HB vaccines may be able to induce antibodies that can neutralize HBV strains with VEMs or multiple HBV genotypes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1077K) -
Yasutsugu SUZUKI2023 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 159-166
Published: 2023
Released on J-STAGE: January 13, 2024
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1877K) -
Tomotaka OKAMURA, Yasuhiro YASUTOMI2023 Volume 72 Issue 2 Pages 167-170
Published: 2023
Released on J-STAGE: January 13, 2024
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1907K)
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