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Volume 20, Issue 3
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Yuji HASHIGUCHI1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 191-200
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper the author reported that the 2-mecaptoethanol (2-ME) sensitive hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody appeared in the early immune stage of chickens infected with the avirulent strain of Newcastle disease virus (B1) and discussed its relationship to the protection against challenge.
The present paper deals with the molecular composition and the sensitivity against 2-ME of HI and neutralizing (SN) antibodies, using the gel filtration technique (Sephadex G-200).
The results are summarized as follows.
1) HI activity in IgM fraction appeared within 7 days, increased till about 9 days and then decreased to disappear between 21 to 28 days after the primary inoculation of virus. On the other hand, the activity in IgG fraction appeared 7 days and became higher in titer than that of IgM fraction 12 days after inoculation. The, activity in IgG fraction reached maximum about 12 days and 28 days after inoculation of avirulent and virulent strains, respectively.
2) The pattern of SN activity showed the same one as that of HI activity. However, the SN activity was remarkably lower in titer than the HI in IgM fraction. The SN activity in IgG fraction predominated over IgM 9 days after infection.
3) The response in chickens vaccinated with inactivated virus was principally similar to that in-ones infected with the virus. The HI activity, however, persisted in IgM fraction and kept the same level as that in IgG fraction even 70 days after vaccination.
4) No difference of antibody response was observed between IgM fractions following the primary and secondary inoculations, wheares the quicker and higher appearance of activity observat ed in IgG fraction after the secondary inoculation.
5) Antibody activities, both HI and SN, were completely inactivated by 2-ME treatment in IgM fraction and partially in IgG fraction at the early immune stage. They were, however, completely resistant at the later immune stage.
6) The pattern of HI activity coincided with that of SN in IgG fraction at the late immune stage, in which activities became resistant to 2-ME treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1349K) -
Kiyoshi KURIYAMA, Taketsugu MASUI, Takeshi HIRONAO, Yukio BITO1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 201-205
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the gel filtration, using Sepharose 2B, of the supernatant from ultracentrifugation hf homogenized chorioallantoic membrane of infectious bronchitis virus infected chicken embryos, a fraction, which was not detected in the chromatographic pattern of similar material from normal chicken embryos, bearing hemagglutinating activity first appeared, and a peak of absorbancy at 280mμ in both sides of which hemagglutinating activity of low level was detected, later appeared.
The activity of the above two kinds of hemagglutinin isolated from infected chorioallantoic membrane was inhibited with the fraction which eluted later.
The hemagglutinin which first eluted in gel filtralion of infected chorioallantoic membrane, was composed of lipid of 76.7%, protein of 17.9%, carbohydrate of 5.3%, and nucleic acids were not almost contained.
The activity of the above hemagglutinin was held at 4°C for 72 hours. At 25°C a half level of that activity was maintained for eight hours and lost after 72 hours. At 37°C or 56°C it was lost almost after 12 hours.
The optimal pH range in activity of the above hemagglutinin was from 7.0 to 8.0.
The component, responsible for hemagglutination, in ether extract from this hemagglutinin was thought to be any member of sterol group (other than cholesterol).View full abstractDownload PDF (623K) -
Masana OGATA, Yutaka NAGAO, Ritsuko KIKUI, Naoji KITAMURA1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 206-210
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSShift of Japanese encephalitis antibody from IgM to IgG in the sera of the experimentally twice inoculated chicks with Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus was examined by the gel filtration of Sephadex G-200 column and following results were obtained.
1. Titer of HI antibody rised on 7 days after the first inoculation of JE virus and that increased rapidly after second inoculation and peak of the titer maintained for 2 months then decreased. Viremia was detected till 6 hours after first inoculation.
2. Hen was twice given JE virus and IgM antibody appeared 7 days after first inoculation, kept on rising, reached the peak 35 days after the first inoculation, that is 7 days after the second inoculation, then decreased, and disappeared on 120 days. IgG antibody appeared about two weeks after the appearance of IgM antibody and the titer became higher than that of IgM antibody 35 days after the first inoculation, then decreased gradually, and showed 1:16 of titer on 150 days.
3. We could obtain the chicks by fertilization from experimentally infected hen, having IgM and IgG of HI antibody of Japanese encephalitis. And the localization of antibody in the sera of chicks was determined by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. IgM antibody was detected in chick serum, though IgG antibody was not detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (745K) -
Masana OGATA, Yutaka NAGAO, Fumihiko JITSUNARI, Ritsuko KIKUI, Naoji K ...1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 211-218
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a trial toward the elimination of Japanese encephalitis virus in natural surroundings, pigs were inoculated with inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine supplemented with complete Freund's adjuvant three times at one week and five weeks intervals. Effect of adjuvant supplement on antibody response and prevention of viremia caused by natural infection were investigated. In addition to this, inoculation of live attenuated vaccine with simultaneous administration of adjuvant in another site was conducted to examine the antibody response in pigs.
The results of this study are summarized as follows.
1. In the group of pigs inoculated with vaccine containing adjuvant, titers of hemagglutination inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies were higher than those of pigs inoculated with vaccine alone and their high titers persisted.
2. With respect to natural infection of pigs, on August 22, when the pigs were thought to have been infected, the rise in antibody titer was observed. And the antibodies in pigs received vaccine with or without adjuvant were proved to be all 2-ME resistant type, wherease the antibodies in control group were 2-ME sensitive antibody.
3. Viremia was detected in the blood of pigs naturally infected, but it was not demonstrated in pigs received vaccine with or without adjuvant. The virus of pig blood which was isolated after a few passages in suckling mouse brain was sup posed to be JaGAr 01 type strain from optimum hydrogen ion concentration of its hemagglutination reaction.
4. Effect of vaccination on antibody response of pigs having maternal antibody was not recognized.
5. In the group of pigs inoculated with live attenuated vaccine and adjuvant, average titer of hemagglutination inhibiting antibody was higher than those in pigs inoculated with vaccine alone and their titer persisted.View full abstractDownload PDF (1245K) -
Naohide TAKAYAMA, Bunsiti SIMIZU1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 219-225
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the variation encountered in the interferon (IF) assay system which is based on the plaque inhibition method, using vesicular stomatitis virus in chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells. The results obtained are summarizes as follows.
1. Intra-assay variation of plaque numbers is increased by treatment of IF in CEF cells.
2. Intra-assay variation of plaque numbers is larger than intra-assay variation in the untreated system, although the former is not so large as causing the singnificant difference in mean plaque numbers of titrations repeated. The maximum value of 50% plaque-depressing dose obtained, however, is found to be larger than the minimum by a factor of two, when the same IF-sample is repeatedly assayed in this system.
3. Intra-assay variation of plaque numbers is influenced by the IF-concentration and the total IF-amount per bottle.
4. Under the constant IF-concentration, the virus inhibitory effect of IF augments in proportion to the volume of inoculum, in other words, is directly proportional to the total IF-amount per bottle. Under the constant IF-amount per bottle, on the other hand, the virus inhibitory effect is constant, irrespective of the volume of inoculum.View full abstractDownload PDF (985K) -
Hitoshi GOTO, Takashi YOSHIDA1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 226-227
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (265K) -
1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 228-243
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2832K) -
1970 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 244-252
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: March 16, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1669K)
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