巻号一覧
38 巻 (2013)
- 6 号 p. 260-
- 5 号 p. 200-
- 4 号 p. 152-
- 3 号 p. 108-
- 2 号 p. 64-
- 1 号 p. 1-
38 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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特集：人工膜シンポジウム「膜による水処理技術を展望するIV」
総説
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2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 200-206
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありIt is not easy to solve the ongoing issues of worldwide environmental pollution. Polymer-based membranes are widely used for gas separation, filtration, desalination of seawater, wastewater treatment, etc. Chemical, petrochemical, energy and environment-related industries, however, strongly require highly durable membranes applicable under extreme conditions, since the present polymeric membranes gradually or sometimes rapidly deteriorate with time due to undesired swelling, clogging, and chemical reactions. In this review, new porous diamond-like carbon (DLC) membranes are discussed. DLC has been seemed to be extremely dense and it is used mainly for gas barrier applications. In contrast, newly developed DLC membranes have many sub-nanometer pores and extremely high permeability to water and organic solvents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1341K) -
藤井 義久, 佐光 貞樹, 一ノ瀬 泉2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 207-214
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありThis paper describes the fouling mechanism in water purification membrane and the effect of membrane fouling control in the hybrid membrane filtration system combining the other processes such as coagulation/sedimentation, ozonation and powdered activated carbon adsorption/biological oxidation. Using the surface water samples from various places, the author’s group has proposed that biopolymer, which is the organic matter with the molecular weight of over 106 Da such as carbohydrates and proteins, is considered to be the main foulant. This paper also demonstrates that coagulation/sedimentation and ozonation are effective pre-treatment for removing the main foulant. The hybrid submerged membrane filtration system combining with coagulation, powdered activated carbon adsorption and biological oxidation would be a promising water purification system for a relatively polluted raw water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1346K) -
大熊 那夫紀2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 215-218
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありThe market of the water reuse is projected to develop rapidly against a background of the population growth in emerging countries and developing countries. In the Middle East region, where the reuse rate of sewage water is high, further rise of the rate is expected by improvement of safety and reliability. The membrane technology is one of the indispensable technologies in this water reuse field. Owing to the development of MBR technologies and NF / RO membrane technologies, reclaimed water production systems using a membrane have been operated at many places and water reuse businesses become more popular in the Middle East lacking in water. Examples of application of water reuse systems using a membrane and the current status of water reuse businesses are reported here.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1085K) -
藤原 信也2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 219-223
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありTotal water production capacity by seawater desalination plants in the Middle East increases by annual rate 15 %. In addition to the increase of population, or the increased demand by promotion of the industry, the renewal demand of the old desalination plants built in the 1970s is also increasing. In large-sized seawater desalination plants, thermal desalination method was conventionally in use, however, RO membrane method is becoming mainstream since it is energy saving technology. In the Middle East countries, in order to secure the export volume of oil and gas resources, the national plans which control the increase of domestic energy consumption were established. As part of the national plan, it is going to convert into RO membrane method from the thermal method from the viewpoint of energy consumption control of seawater desalination. For example, in Saudi Arabia, the desalination plant which produces 600,000 m3/d is going to be built by RO membrane method.
The energy-saving desalination technologies not only using RO membrane but also FO membrane are in the spotlight.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1130K)
特集：人工膜シンポジウム「無機膜が拓く新しいプロセス技術の展望I」
総説
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松方 正彦2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 224-228
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありReduction of energy consumption in the industry sector, especially chemical industry, is strong demand. In chemical industry about 40% of the total energy consumption is for distillation. Thus, reduction of the energy used in distillation by introducing membrane technology would have strong impact. Zeolites, a class of microporous ceramic materials, have superior physicochemical properties, such as molecular sieving and preferential adsorption, in addition to high thermal, chemical, and structural stability. In this report, development of zeolite membranes will be emphasized to be attractive as a strong candidate enabling us to reduce energy consumption in chemical industry. In particular, we have started operation of a bench-scale test plant for the separation of water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) at the production site of IPA, Kawasaki, Japan. This is the first on-site test plant using ceramic membrane in petrochemical industry. Also, acid-resistant zeolite membrane has been developed for the dehydration of acetic acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (895K) -
矢野 和宏, 篠矢 健太郎, 藤田 優, 浅利 祥広, 高木 義信2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 229-233
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありHitachi Zosen Corporation (Hitz) has actively been engaged in developing a zeolite membrane element for dehydration and purification systems. Hitz specially designed and developed the alumina support tube having mono-block structure composed of a dense tube end, a porous tube body and a dense closed end. The element constituent involving only inorganic materials leads high durability performance. The dehydration system using Hitz membrane elements was adopted for the first commercial bio-ethanol plant with the capacity of 50,000 L/d in Japan. High performance properties of permeation flux, the selectivity and the durability of Hitz membrane elements have been demonstrated through the operation of the commercial dehydration system since March 2008. Recently the demonstration experiment is conducted to verify the dehydration performance of Hitz membrane element in the commercial petrochemical manufacturing process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1357K) -
江田 智一2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 234-239
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありIn recent years, energy saving resources are required in petrochemical field, and attention has been focused on membrane separation process. Significant energy saving can be expected by applying zeolite membranes to distillation process. Zeolite membrane is formed on a porous ceramic substrate such as α- alumina. The separation layer in principle is a zeolite thin film, but in practice separation potential is also controlled by the properties of substrate. In order to improve the performance of zeolite membranes, it is therefore important to understand the influence of the porous ceramic substrates in the zeolite membrane structure as well as in the final properties of membrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1090K)
原著
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黒河 達生, 青沼 奨, 上原 利夫, 井川 学2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 240-245
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル フリーFacilitated transport of sugar across an anion-exchange membrane fixed with borate ions was investigated, and it was found that the following three factors affected the flux of sugar: the glucose concentration in the source phase, borate ion concentration in the receiving phase, and linear velocity of the receiving phase of borate ion solution. In low glucose concentration regime, the flux of glucose was dependent on the concentration in the source phase. In high glucose concentration regime, the flux was dependent not on the glucose concentration but on the borate ion concentration in the receiving phase, which shows the rate-limiting step to be desorption from the membrane. When pure water was used as the receiving phase, the flux of glucose was independent on both the linear velocity of the source phase and the receiving phase, which shows the rate-limiting step to be diffusion. These findings indicate that the rate-limiting step of this system can be changed by the experimental conditions. The flux of glucose increased by about six times as the temperature was increased from 7 °C to 45 °C. Depending on temperature, the monosaccharides were separated from disaccharides and glycerol with high selectivity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (676K) -
Mikihisa Takano, Chieko Yamamoto, Keisuke Sambuichi, Keisuke Oda, Juny ...2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 246-253
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル フリーRLE-6TN is a cell line having similar characteristics with those in alveolar type II epithelial cells. However, the development of lamellar bodies, characteristic intracellular structures in type II cells, in RLE-6TN cells is not enough. In this study, RLE-6TN cells were transfected with rat ABCA3 gene using a retroviral vector, and phenotypical changes were examined. The expression of ABCA3 mRNA and protein as well as the number and size of lamellar body-like structures was increased in RLE/ABCA3 compared with RLE/Vector cells. Surprisingly, not only the expression of ABCA3 mRNA but also the expression of other mRNAs such as SP-A and PEPT2, that are highly expressed in type II cells than in type I cells, was increased in RLE/ABCA3 cells. In contrast, the expression of mRNAs that are highly expressed in type I cells was hardly increased by ABCA3 transfection. In addition, albumin uptake activity, that is much higher in type II cells than in type I cells, was also enhanced in RLE/ABCA3 cells. These results suggest that the introduction of a single transporter gene ABCA3 would direct RLE-6TN to more type II-like cells, and RLE/ABCA3 cells may be useful as a novel in-vitro model of alveolar type II epithelial cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (585K)
製品&技術
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河島 稔2013 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 254-257
発行日: 2013年
公開日: 2014/11/26
ジャーナル 認証ありUnlike the conventional flat membrane, the tubular ion exchange membrane “EDCORE” can stand unsupported. It has sufficient mechanical strength for use in electro-deposition electrode diaphragms, and possesses electrochemical properties equivalent to or better than those of the flat ion exchange membrane. We developed an electro-deposition electrode chamber consisting of tubular ion exchange membranes and it had a good reputation with our customers for long time.
This paper describes the characteristics of our tubular ion exchange membrane and the applications for electro-deposition of our electrode chamber.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (742K)
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