日本建築学会技術報告集

環境工学

建築用木材のLCAデータベースの構築

南部佑輔, 伊香賀俊治, 本藤祐樹, 小林謙介, 恒次祐子

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 269-274
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.269

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At present, the use of eco-friendly building materials is needed in order to reduce the environmental load. From this viewpoint, a LCA database has been established by the Architectural Institute of Japan. However, the database has two problems. First, the environmental load of imported wood materials is not evaluated. Second, the environmental load of wood materials in the database is stored as an average value. The purpose of this study is developing a LCA database of wood materials that takes into account imported wood materials and contains detailed data for the forestry, manufacturing, and transport stages.

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非住宅建築物の用途別、都道府県別のストック・フロー床面積データベースの構築

奥村公美, 伊香賀俊治, 川久保俊

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 275-280
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.275

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Toward mitigation of climate change, the Japanese government targeted that greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced by 80% of the 1990 level by 2050. However, CO₂ emissions in non-residential sector are rapidly increasing, making carbon reduction in this sector a crucial concern. It is essential to establish CO₂ reduction target and agenda based on the analysis of energy consumption and the prediction of the CO₂ reduction potential. However, a lack of statistical data of floor area makes it difficult to conduct an analysis and prediction. Therefore, database for floor area of non-residential buildings has been developed in this study. This database includes stock and flow data of floor area by building use type and area which have a major impact on energy consumption in non-residential buildings. This database can provide valuable information for carrying out countermeasures in non-residential sector.

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建築計画

標準設計型小学校教室の簡易改装による学習環境改善の実践報告

伊藤俊介, 上野佳奈子, 中田健一, 倉斗綾子, 相澤里美

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 281-286
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.281

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This project studied methods to remodel standardized classrooms to meet up-to-date needs in education to more effectively utilize existing stock of school buildings. An experimental remodeled classroom was designed and installed. The experimental classroom was made by simple improvements in furnishing and replacement/rearrangement of furniture to improve functional adaptability and acoustic performance that could be undertaken in a low budget. Results of trial use sessions in actual classes and evaluations by teachers and pupils demonstrated that classroom remodeling facilitated diverse teaching settings and activities and also suggested practical issues to be considered.

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ドライビング・シミュレータを用いた自動車運転時の看板の見つけやすさに関する研究

−実在看板を利用した基礎的検討−

李東起, 古賀誉章, リュウユニス, 小崎美希, 魯斌, 平手小太郎, 若林直子

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 287-291
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.287

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The main objective of this study is to investigate the factors which affect the roadside signboard cognition during driving. As for the experimental subject to this research, 10 kinds of signboards of suburban roadside shops were studied. The three visible distance of signboards in driving simulator were measured; detectable distance, confirmable distance and legible distance. Also, solid angle and visible angle were analyzed. The effect of color, size, placement of signboard and the difference of luminosity between signboard and its background were shown. The difference of luminosity can be considered when signboard is detected, confirmed and distinguished. Also, wide board placed closer to the road is effective at confirming.

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内部階段におけるデザイン構成の心理評価分析

積田洋, 須賀睦, 中山誠健

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 293-296
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.293

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In this research, it was aimed at clarifying the influence that the difference of the basic component of stairs gave the evaluation of the stairs design objectively. The basic component of stairs was a plan, width, a handrail including the material, the constitution of the tread, a placement condition.
Various stairs of 74 objects were selected. It performed an evaluation experiment by the photograph image after having paid off the basic component of stairs 11 to an items.
It showed the tendency to evaluation and relations of the constitution with a multivariate analysis quantitatively, and showed an effective document at a design stage.

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和歌山県福祉のまちづくり条例に基づく届出建物の現状と評価

北野幹夫, 足立啓

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 297-302
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.297

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The purpose of this study is to analyze about the ‘City Planning Regulation for Barrier-free of The Wakayama Prefecture’. The following are part of the results through the investigation of 664 submitted building documents. 1) The social welfare building consist of a quarter of all submitted building ones, as well as the commercial building ones. 2) The social welfare and medical buildings become to be difficult to conform with the criteria of barrier-free. 3) The modification of regulation makes small buildings regulate effectively. 4) The investigation found completed buildings still the issue of barrier-free.

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都市計画

自治会間の連携を意図した防災情報共有ボードゲームの作成

齋藤千夏, 山家京子, 佐々木一晋, 飯澤清典

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 303-308
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.303

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The purpose of this paper is to support the disaster prevention activities in local community. We made a Board game based on the disaster information that is extracted by making disaster prevention maps and practiced it with residents.
Consequently, it was shown that the optimization on visualizing the local-based problem and the local cooperative of residents’ associations is importance to take measures for disaster prevention for community support.

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高山市三町重要伝統的建造物群保存地区における観光関連事業の現状と課題

−観光関連事業者へのアンケート調査−

菊地淑人

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 309-312
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.309

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Hida-Takayama is placed in the north region of Gifu Prefecture. In this area, there exists many cultural properties -- in particular, traditional festivals and old towns -- and they are designated by national protected system. In addition, Hida-Takayama is one of the most famous sightseeing areas in Japan and succeeded by promoting cultural resources as tourist attractions.
It is valuable to discuss on the awareness by shops about conserving cultural properties and promoting tourism in this area. Therefore, I conducted a questionnaire survey for shops in San-machi important preservation district for groups of historic buildings. I report the result of this survey in this article.

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大山隠岐国立公園大山寺地区における土地所有形態と住民意識からみた課題に関する研究

小椋弘佳, 細田智久, 熊谷昌彦

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 313-318
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.313

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The objective of this study is to investigate the land use and to clarify the demand of residents of Daisen temple area in Daisenoki national park.
The results are as follows :
1. When Daisen was registered to National Park, which main reasons were the civilization landscape and the nature landscape.
2. Daisen temple area is classified into five area by land use; Traffic and information center, Residence and for the tourist, Environmental preservation, Landscape and leisure.
3. The residents hope not only making the sustainability of residential environment, but also effectively utilizing the historical and cultural resources.

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都市のスカイラインのコントロール手法に関する研究

梅津里香, 浅野純一郎

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 319-324
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.319

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This paper clarifies a control method of urban skyline by a research for 182 landscape plans. Urban skyline of all examples can be understood and classified by objects and regulatory methods. In Japan, there are a few cases of “Skyline making of Far Distant View” type, one of skyline’s control methods, which mainly in Europe and the United States. The clearer skyline’s image is, the easier we can discuss and guide because its basis is established in detail. Clarifying skyline’s image and consensus formation with citizen are necessary for control method of urban skyline.

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景観計画に基づく街路に面する私的部分の修景実践

−中津川市本町中山道地区を対象として（その２）−

松本直司, 船曵悦子, 瀨田惠之, 岩井一樹, 林絵美菜, 福元彩

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 325-330
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.325

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In this report, the following findings were obtained as a result of establishing and practicing a process of community development of the landscape by collaboration of four parties: residents as principal actors, a university to implement the residents’ opinions in a draft plan, government agencies to support this, and the private sector for its embodiment. (1) Conceptual drawings of the townscape from multiple viewpoints were produced based on the requests of residents and the city administration. (2) Actions toward townscaping of buildings are made passive due to apprehensions about the cost aspects and the problem of the continuing use of buildings after townscaping. (3) Townscaping with Shirakiya as a community facility was made by a gradual heightening of the consciousness of the residents involved about townscaping as the townscaping plan proceeded to take place. (4) The implementation of the plan through a council with residents in central roles led to activities in which residents were the principal actors.

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沖縄県内の戦争遺跡の残存状況

清水肇, 高橋弘治

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 331-334
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.331

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According to a research on actual condition of remaining war-related sites in Okinawa prefecture, several types of remaining situation were found. Some sites were preserved as cultural assets or saved in parks and many sites were preserved in uncertain way. Many neglected war-related sites exist and some are destroyed in these ten years. Situation differs according to types of sites and post-war relationships between people and sites.

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多主体連携によるまちづくりにおける「まちづくりアイデアカード」の開発と実践

−親しまれる四日市港づくりのためのワークショップを通じて−

松浦健治郎, 松田浩紀, 飛田裕彰

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 335-340
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.335

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This paper reports on development of the tool named “Machidukuri” idea cards to arrange and promote idea for “Machidukuri” proposed by citizen and practice of “Machidukuri” by multi-actor partnership by use of “Machidukuri” idea cards in the case of Yokkaichi port, Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture in Japan. There are two important notices to use “Machidukuri idea cards”, 1) It is important to practice a series of process after making “Machidukuri” idea cards, 2) we don’t always insist on contents of “Machidukuri idea cards”, modify and add “Machidukuri” idea cards continuously.

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市民参加型ヒートアイランド調査手法の開発

饗庭伸, 住田旭宏, 中山哲士, 諸岡俊祐

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 341-346
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.341

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It is necessary to make a plan that reduce the heat island effect in the medium- and long-terms. And the plan is realized by local citizen who has deeper appreciation of urban thermal environment. In this research we developed method for citizens’ participation about urban thermal environment. One is survey of the urban thermal environment with citizen named “Walking survey” and “Cool spot survey” in Kawasaki-shi Takatsu-ku. The other is WEB system which share outcomes of the survey. Additionally, we got evaluation of participants with hearing investigation.

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建築社会システム

エレベーター運行のファインチューニング事例

柳父行二

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 347-350
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.347

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This report introduces an experimental coping for unexpected long queue due to premises drift for elevators’ volume study. Three operation scenarios, group balance control, partial non stop, and in-cage call priority were test and service balance among entrance floor and others’ departure frequency were compared. Users joined the tests and their preference was collected with questionnaire. The building owner and major user chose partial non stop control based on their experience. Data analysis showed transfer from non stop to every stop at transient floor might cut wait and traffic time and used to persuade anti non stop voters.

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CB造住宅供給のひろがりと地域特性　ルサカを事例として

前島彩子, 清家剛, 志摩憲寿, 小野悠

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 351-356
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.351

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CB has been used as valuable building material for urbanization, worldwide. This study takes Lusaka as an example of dominant CB housing supply and tries to explain the regional character of CB housing supply.
By field survey, we understood that various blocks manufactured by various machines are attributed from globalization of logistic networks and immature domestic industry. It is difficult to control for implementing agency. We suggest that making a system to support owners can check the quality of their material or house by themselves. For future change of requirements, a support system should be satisfied by interworking actors.

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廃校となった公立小中学校施設の運用状況

−山口県における廃校施設の調査報告−

山本幸子, 中園眞人, 清水聡士

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 357-360
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.357

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The rate of the use facilities of closed schools is 62%, un-use and dismantling occupies each 26% and 11% in Yamaguchi Prefecture. Use as the public school that doesn’t entail the conversion and the physical education facilities is general. It was making the most of subsidy with the case used for the experience interchange facilities by the preservation request from the local resident. In case that folk group borrowed the facility, the large-scale improvement of the facility wasn't carried out, and use as the area activities base is the main.

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建築歴史・意匠

北陸・信越地方における竹釘を用いた土壁下地の工法について

平山育男, 堀江秀夫, 山崎幹泰, 福井宇洋, 梅干野成央, 新川竜悠, 土本俊和

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 361-366
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.361

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We can compile the result of “mad wall frame method with bamboo nail” that we investigated in Niigata, Toyama, Ishikawa, Fukui, Nagano pref. as follows. This method of construction was performed until about 1960. The name of “the bamboo nail is “Tikuttyo” in East Niigata, “Takekugi” in West Niigata, “Yamato” in West Toyama, “Suzume” (sparrow) from West Toyama to North Ishikawa, “Uguisu” (bush warbler) from West Toyama to South Ishikawa, Fukui.

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近世佐渡における藤井家の建築活動と大工集団について

赤石憲祐, 藤澤彰, 奥崎智道

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 367-370
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.367

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The Fujii family including Goroemon is a carpenters from Edo to the Showa era that did a lot of building activities based on the Hamochi region in the southern part of Sado Island.
The carpenters acts for the nearby period of 300 years, and has left a lot of works.
Moreover, it is thought that the Fujii family was organizing carpenter group as a master builder.
This thesis is consideration of the building activity and the carpenter group of the Fujii family based on the historical records obtained by the investigation.

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情報システム技術

3Dデータ導入による作庭方法の構築

（その１・精緻な三次元情報活用による新しい石庭設計手法の開発）

三浦彩子, 小嶋優介

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 371-374
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.371

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Accurate three-dimensional data of the garden stones will be a significant assistant in designing and constructing gardens with traditional material and style. The ambiguity of physical data, cost and construction schedule might have been preventing clients from choosing traditional style for their gardens. We develop a new method of constructing gardens by using the 3D scanner and the software to convert the acquired data into conventional dxf format with appropriate sizes. With easy to handle 3D information, we will be able to design and construct traditional gardens with a single and consistent system using contemporary information technology and traditional expertise.

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建築教育現場における３次元造形技術の活用に関する研究

−Data 2 Form Laboratoryの開設と運用を通して−

石川弘樹, 松島史朗

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 375-380
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.375

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Recent advancement in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is changing architecture in both practice and academic environment. Architectural design education in top schools in Europe and the United States has been rapidly transferring from 2D drawing to a 3D view. In our laboratory, the digital manufacturing research center, “Data 2 Form Laboratory” was launched, encompassing laser cutters and 3D printers as a pioneer of this field. Here it is designated to test different design processes that are different from conventional design approach. It is intended to conduct a research on the possibility of the cutting-edge design technology for architecture education.

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教育

ワークショップにおける内発的動機づけプログラムに関する研究

−福祉施設職員に対するワークショップでの試行と検証−

水上聡子, 粟原知子, 桜井康宏

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 381-386
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.381

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For the increase of the civil consciousness and the ability to act as a citizen, it is important to develop the people’s independence by an intrinsic motivation, where it is essential that each person satisfies three psychological desires of ability, autonomy, and relation. The workshop adopting the trial program developed those desires and resulted in the increase of motivation and the change of willingness and action. Verifying the methodology of the workshop has shown an effective way to enhance citizens’ intrinsicness.

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災害

1894.10.22庄内地震の秋田県における被害に関する文献調査

水田敏彦, 鏡味洋史

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 387-390
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.387

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Shonai Earthquake of 1894 occurred in northwestern part of Yamagata Prefecture with magnitude 7.0. This earthquake is one of the biggest inland earthquakes in Japan. In the previous paper, authors surveyed reconnaissance reports, local publications and newspaper articles at that time and pointed out that damage area elongated to Akita Prefecture. In this paper, literature survey was continued focused on Akita Prefecture where less data was known. In the result, more damage information can be revealed and detailed damage distribution about houses, ground and human damage was discussed.

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地球環境

大都市域に創出したビオトープが出現動物に与える影響と課題

橘大介, 薬師寺圭

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 391-396
発行日: 2012/02/20
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.391

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The biotope which considered selection of the zoning of a planting area, the large water area with ecotone, and introduced animals was built in the private corporation site in the center of Tokyo so that the good living thing habitat could be created. The following things became clear by investigation for four years. Many insects and birds which appeared used this biotope as not only a rest place or a feeding area but also a nest building place. The introduced animals contributed to invitation of animals appeared there. Many introduced animals suited this environment, and though the high predation pressure of the animals appeared was received, several introduced animals increased the numbers of individuals. Also it became clear that the environment which surrounded the biotope was not necessarily gentle to the animals appeared, for example, no installation of animal pathways for them.

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評論

評論

2012 年 18 巻 38 号 p. 399-411
発行日: 2012年
公開日: 2012/02/20

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.399

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