The port space, which is composed of land area and water area, has produced varios characteristics on good-distribution, manufacturing industry, human living and waterfront recreation.
This paper proposes a mathematical model to explain port characteristics by some factors related on economical and social condition in port space and various stock to port space. As case study, the space characteristics of Port of Nagoya are discussed and a subject on port construction is pointed out through this model.

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The purposes of this study are, first, to know the evaluation of residents who live along expressways for the aesthetic design of expressway structures and, secondly, to know the influence to the tendency of evaluation caused by the difference of attribute of observers, i. e., residents, highway and structural engineers, and students in the department of civil engineering and architecture. The following facts and tendencies were found.The consequences of evaluation for some types of the structures differ in some extent by the attribute of observers. All groups of the observers evaluated highly some types of structures which had been aesthetically designed. Some types of structures were not highly evaluated for their high levels of aesthetic design.

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The purpose of this study is to propose technical guidance for the control of outdoor billboards along the trunk roads in surburban areas. The billboard control levels by the ordinances of several prefectures are summarized, the dirtibution of height and size of billboards is analyized through the field investigation in Tokushima urban areas, and summarized their problems.
By using the presentations of the computer graphics animation, the permission, sense of the drivers for various conditions of billboards are analized. As a result, this paper proposed the appropriate billboard control levels of their height and size under the conditions of road width.

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An analysis of industry and trade structure is necessary to decide the policy to develop their countries. Growing economical and trade imbalance between north/south and east/west has forced to consider the international mutual inter-dependence of them. This paper analizes International Input-Output Table in 1985 by Fuzzy Structural Modeling and finds out the international relationship in industry and transaction and proposes economical development policies to relax the existing trade imbalance ploblems. Four countries in APEC countries have selected for this purpose. They are Japan, USA, Korea, and The Philippines.

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High-speed transport systems and communication technologies have gradually destroyed physical obstacles among regions. Under such a kind of borderless society, the concept of “regions based on personal perception” becomes more important for regional planning, than the concept of “regions based on physical conditions”. This study provides the definition and the designation method for “regions based on personal perception”. In the method, the idea of “Probability of place name choice” is adopted. Case study on southern part of Ibaragi prefecture shows the usefulness of the method. The effects on personal perception by infrstructure improvement are also evaluated

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This paper deals with traffic congestion phenomena which are caused at sag sections on motorways by excessive traffic demand. The objective of this study is to identify the conditions which give rise to the traffic congestion phenomena at sag sections. This phenomena is dependent upon the drivers' behaviour which can be influenced by road alignments, road structures and traffic conditions and so on.
Several factors which are effective to the occurence of traffic congestion phenomena at sag sections are examined, and the quantitative conditions are identified. Finally the possible approaches to control the occurence of the phenomena are discussed.

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In many Japanese cities located on hillsides called “slope towns”, conflicts commonly arise between urban development and disaster prevention. They even dramatically change once a serious natural disaster occurs, thus causing uncertainties to increase in the conflict. This paper deals with this kind of conflict resolution problem. The problem is first formulated by use of metagame analysis. Then the technique of robustness analysis is developed so as to derive the conditions on the players' preference structure. These conditions guarantee that particular outcomes remain in equilibria despite any other remaining uncertainties. A case study of the City of Nagasaki is carried out to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed technique. In conclusion, possible extensions of the technique are suggested for future improvement.

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Very few work using repeated cross-sectional travel data has been undertaken in transportation research. This is especially true for travel data gathered every 10 years such as person-trip survey data. In these circumstances, we have confirmed the effectiveness of fixed-effects predicting models unifying zonal (interzonal) heterogeneity and first-order serial correlation of error terms for trip generation and distribution, using three-time points travel data in Hiroshima. However, several problems have still remained concerning interpretation of heterogeneity parameters, effects of different consistent estimates of first-order serial correlation coefficient on parameter estimation and estimation methods of models according to different hypothesis on heterogeneity parameters. This paper deals with these problems for three travel models including modal split for the purpose of developing a new travel demand predicting system considering these two longitudinal factors.

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In multi-purpose reservoir developments, a critical question is how to allocate joint costs among its many uses. In Japan, a commonly used method is SCRB (Separable Cost Remaining Benefit) Method. This and other commonly used methods are more useful but less clear in terms of the theory behind the reasoning of the solutions. In recent years, it is becoming more common that a multi-purpose reservoir is required to deal with various needs. Therefore it becomes a problem of whether the commonly used methods, for example SCRB, could be applied to new situations such as a multi-puipose reservoir. This paper presents the applicability of the conditions of the commonly used methods in terms of game theory.

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Wastewater reuse can be considered as a type of water resource development which is expected to improve the aquatic environment, as well as the stability and reliability of municipal water supply systems. To this extent, wastewater reuse has been taken into account in the planning of water supply systems in several Japanese cities.
However, to date the effect of wastewater reuse on water supply system stabilization has not been discussed quantitatively, and the relation between wasterwater reuse rate and water supply system stability has not been analyzed.
In this study, a stochastic model has been presented to evaluate the stability of water supply systems with optimal wastewater reuse rate. Some theoretical analyses and numerical studies were performed, and all of the results have shown that the model is reliable for not only basic studies on water supply system stability, but also for practical use as well.

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This paper describes a model to predict the cyclists' behavior of keeping away from the passing automobile, which shows that their behavior is responded to the level of danger which is a function of the passing automobile's velocity, the interval between a bicycle and an automobile and the type of automobile. The model is based on the assumption that in the level of danger, there is a threshold which causes cyclists to avoid the danger, and that cyclists decrease the level of danger by means of keeping away from the passing automobile when the actual level of danger exceeds the threshold. The model was applied to the cyclists on the one-way local street in Saga City and it was found that the proposed model gave reasonable estimation.

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