Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu

CLASSIFICATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA HAVING INCOMPLETE SUPERVISED DATA USING A CAUSALITY BASED ON MARKOV RANDOM FIELD

Makoto KAWAMURA, Yuji TSUJIKO, Masaru FUKABORI

1999 Volume 1999 Issue 611 Pages 1-11
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.1

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A method for classification of remotely sensed data having incomplete supervised data is proposed. To consider the time difference between supervised data and remote sensing data, the causalities based on Markov Random Field are utilized. By including the temporal class dependencies, the reliable classification is undertaken. It expands to a method evaluating the spatial class dependencies between neighboring pixels and the post processing. The performance of the method for land cover classification is investigated using LANDSAT TM covering Aichi Prefecture, Japan, and compared with statistical data. The results show well coincidence with verification data. When post processing is carried out, the accuracy improves to RMSE of about 1%.

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A PROPOSAL OF “CONCURRENT CONVERGENCE” AS A PROCESSING TECHNIQUE FOR ADDITIONAL DATA IN THE DOMINANT ALTERNATIVES METHOD

Eizo KINOSHITA, Masatake NAKANISHI

1999 Volume 1999 Issue 611 Pages 13-19
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.13

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The dominant alternatives method by Kinoshita and Nakanishi (1997) is a new type of AHP-Analytic Hierarchy Process-designed to deal with the case in which the weights of criteria vary in accordance with the alternative chosen as the dominant viewpoint.
When conducting continuous surveys, additional data from the latest survey have to be reflected into the result of the previous survey in a certain scheme. This paper proposes “concurrent convergence” as a processing technique for additional data in an application of the dominant alternative method. This technique enables us to reserve the essential features of the dominant alternative method.

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RESEARCH INTO THE EFFECT ON BEHAVIOR OF WHEELCHAIR BY SIDEWALK GRADIENTS

Tetsu YOKOYAMA, Koshirou SHIMIZU, Kazuhiro KIMURA

1999 Volume 1999 Issue 611 Pages 21-32
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.21

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This research focuses on movement on foot and is based on the convenience and safety of pedestrians in an aging society. It especially concerns itself with dimensions of gradients in pedestrian areas. The research showed the upper limits on gradients at pedestrian areas and limits on the lengths of these inclines.
The results showed that the gradients at pedestrian areas which can be comfortably negotiated by wheelchair users should not exceed 5%, and that the maximum length of slopes in sectors with 5% gradients which would allow stable movement was 25m.

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A STUDY ON THE HUB-SPOKE NETWORK AND LANDING FEE POLICY IN THE AVIATION MARKET

Tadahiuo OHASHI, Asao ANDO

1999 Volume 1999 Issue 611 Pages 33-44
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.33

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Passengers, airlines, and airport managers are the agents in the aviation market. Recent economic analyses (on the matter) have mostly been confined to the passenger market, where airline networks are given exogenously. Naturally, such framework is unsuitable for the discussions concerning airport management, or the emergence of hub-spoke networks. In this paper, we construct the behavior-based models for respective participants in the market. Then we identify the condition under which a hub-spoke network is formed, and examine the effect of landing fee policy on the market structure.

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SUPPLYING LOCAL BUS SERVICES IN SPARSELY POPULATED AREAS

Kiyoshi KOBAYASHI, Kei FUKUYAMA, Eizo HIDESHIMA, Nobuyuki FUJII

1999 Volume 1999 Issue 611 Pages 45-56
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.45

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In this paper, the planning models to design the optimal means to maintain the bus services in sparsely populated areas are formulated. The optimal combinations of user- and firm-subsidies, which maximize the consumers' surplus or the aggregated expected utility, are investigated. The methodology is also presented to evaluate the economic manageability of bus services in sparsely populate communities. The case study in Tottori prefecture is described to illustrate the applicability of the proposed methodology.

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THE STATE-DEPENDENT CONGESTION TOLLS UNDER IMPERFECT INFORMATION: A THEORETICAL APPROACH

Kiyoshi KOBAYASHI, Katsuhisa OHTA, Myungsik DO

1999 Volume 1999 Issue 611 Pages 57-68
Published: January 20, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: August 24, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.57

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Pareto improvement of network equilibria can always be made by state-dependently variable congetion tolls. In this paper, two alternative state-dependent congestion tolls, i. e., ex ante tolls and ex post tolls are presented. Even though traffic information includes various noise, the drivers' welfare can be mostly improved by ex post variable congestion tolls. The perfect information system with ex post variable tolls attains the largest drivers' welfare.

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