In this paper, the conflict between players in infrastructure planning is interpreted as non-cooperative game, and opinion summarizing between players and their supporters is analyzed theoretically. First, the process that the conflict achieves an outcome is modeled as stationary game. Second, the condition that should be satisfied by opinion summarizing mechanism is clarified. Third, two opinion summarizing mechanisms, state-based and action-based mechanisms, are formulated. Finally, the formulated mechanisms are applied to the conflicts between government and residents group, and the conflicts are classified based on sensitivity against the difference of opinion summarizing mechanisms.

View full abstract

In this study, targeting construction plan of national expressway network, we set some decision criteria for phased construction process and searched for the process based on each criterion. Then, we compared these searched processes from three viewpoints, socio-economic efficiency, profitability, promorting multipolarization of national land use. As a result, we made clear that it was possible to improve the socio-economic efficiency and profitability by deciding the process based on the long-range evaluation or based on the evaluation at each stage. Moreover, we also made clear that the processes only based on promorting multipolarization of national land use deteriorated the socio-economic efficiency and profitability.

View full abstract

By the spread of passenger cars, and introduction of a new transportation system, the bus attraction gets worse in cities across the country. As deregulation of bus service, it is easy to enter or get out of bus service. When bus employer gets out of unprofitable bus route, there is fear that the life route for local resident is spoiled. So we need characteristic evaluation by bus service. In this paper, from the two view points of production efficiency and elicitation potential demand along the bus line, we assess existing bus line and propose rational method of reorganization on bus network on Kumamoto urban area.

View full abstract

This article aims at establishing a macroscopic equation for estimating fuel consumption of petrol-fuelled passenger vehicles by conducting multiple regression analysis. Fuel consumption figure from the actual fuel consumption database with hierarchic structure, which is based upon voluntary reported fuel consumption log data collected through the internet-connected mobile-phone system all over Japan, is adopted for dependent variable. Specifications of vehicles and macroscopic statistical indicators in which geographical and social characteristics are reflected are chosen for explanatory variables.

View full abstract

The aim of this paper is to propose the evaluation model of on-road parking facilities, based on the parking behavior with-and-without loading, in order to improve the confused road condition caused by a lot of illegal on-road parking vehicles in C.B.D area. As a result, some significant findings came out of this study, as follows. 1) The selective behavior for parking places was defined by this model. 2) On-road parking facilities with-and-without loading were evaluated by using two indicators in this model. 3) The confused road condition might become improved by introducing two types of loading facilities. 4) The more appropriate conditions of on-road parking facilities were proposed.

View full abstract

In this paper, the dynamic relationships among the life-cycles of multiple infrastructures are classified into two regimes : the staggered regime and the synchronized regime. And it is investigated whether the efficient R&M (Rehabilitation and maintenance) of the whole infrastructure systems can be realized through the decentralized life cycle evaluation of the individual infrastructural R&M policies. In the staggered regime, the inter-temporal policy coordination can be realized by applying the average cost minimizing method to the decentralized life cycle evaluation, while the efficient policy can be achieved by applying the discounted present value methods in the synchronized regime. The optimal decentralized life cycle evaluation methods are investigated when there exists atemopral uncertainty in the life cycle cots of an infrastructure.

View full abstract

Ensuring a better quality of life for everyone is regarded as prerequisite for sustainable development in U.K. QoL Indicators (QoLIs) are used in policy evaluation as a tool to measure the citizens' satisfaction level focusing on outcomes. In this paper, the process of introducing QoLIs and its role in policy management in UK are described. QoLIs raised citizens' awareness and promoted communication between citizens and government, and collaboration among local authorities. Current system is effective in policy evaluation, though it's not appropriate for policy assessment. The authors suggest the necessity of developing overall assessment and policy-making system for the maximization of QoL in Japan.

View full abstract

This paper aims to formulate the private travel behavior by the activity-based travel model and to valuate the travel-time savings of the private trip. The formulated model has a nested structure, consisting of two models : one-day activity model and weekly activity model, both of which are based on the constrained utility maximization. The former model allocates time and cost in a day under the given available time and income, while the latter model determines place and time of activity in a week by allocating time and cost. The weekly diary travel data is used for estimating the coefficients in the model. By applying the De Serpa's definition of the value of travel time savings to this model, the authors valuate it by using the data of rail-users in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area.

View full abstract

In this paper, the three-period incomplete contract model with the liquidity constraint is formulated to investigate why the risk neutral firms are motivated to hold the insurance against the seismic risk. If an earthquake attacks a firm within the period that it does not have prepared the sufficient liquidity for the recovery form seismic loss, the firm is forced to procure the necessary money from the capital market. However, if the firm are endowed with the large amount of debt, it is faced with the difficulty to procure the additional money ; i.e., the debt overhang issues. The earthquake insurance is expected to function as the vehicle to overcome thedebt overhang issues. The paper also investigates the moral hazard issues caused by holding the earthquake insurance, and presents the Finite insurance schemes to overcome the moral hazard issues and debt overhang issues.

View full abstract

The General Motor's (GM) model is perhaps the most well known and established car-following model. This paper attempts to clear up the contradictions that exist on its calibration. Several unpromising aspects revealed from the literatures might have contributed for the discrepancies seen in their outcomes. The GM model parameters were calibrated using the car-following data collected by RTK GPS receivers during test track experiments. A broader calibration scheme was implemented accommodating different alternatives for model approaches, driving conditions and calibration methods in a consistent manner. The model parameters were identified, tested and characterized with improved reliability.

View full abstract