Thomas L. Saaty presented a decision making method called the AHP——Analytic Hierarchy Process——when confronting uncertain conditions and/or various evaluation standards. This system is a problem-solving oriented decision making method in which both subjective judgements and systematic approaches are well balanced upon problem analysis. However, this still leaves us with the various themes.
In this research, we will present a new viewpoint to weight scoring of criteria and evaluation of alternatives with a specific calculation method.

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From school year of 1995, volunteer activity is introduced into the curriculum of under-graduate course of the department of civil engineering of Kinki University, as a part of education of civil engineer's ethics. It is a normal course work with credit. Background of and history to the introduction are reported. Then, an evaluation method of role of the course in total civil engineering education is developed and preliminarily tested.

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In the suburban areas, the abundance of natural resources is essential for recreational activities. However, it is often observed that the increase in recreational travelers causes the degradation of natural environmental quality. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of transport improvement on development and the consequent decrease of natural green areas in suburban areas. A method of LISREL is adopted for identifying the contribution of green conservation to recreational attractiveness and the causalities among degradation of green conservation and accessibility improvement. A simultaneous equations system of recreational travel demand and developers' strategy is modeled and adopted for assessing the impact of accessibility improvement on the depletion of green areas.

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This paper describes a model to predict the passing behavior of drivers forced to follow low speed vehicles on a two-lane highway. Their behavior corresponds to the level of impatience which is a function of the difference of velocity between free speed and constrained speed. The model is based on the assumption that in the level of impatience, there is a threshold which is a function of traffic regulation such as passing prohibition, legal speed, relative location of vehicles and characteristics of drivers, and that drivers decrease the level of impatience by means of passing low speed vehicles when the actual level of impatience exceeds the threshold. This model can be applied to evaluate the effect of enforcing passing prohibition.

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Most operational consumer's choice models such as logit and probit assume mutual independence among consumers although social interaction plays an important roles on certain types of behavior. This paper develops a methodology for incorporating social interaction in the paradigm of the discrete choice type modeling. More specifically, the utility level of the other consumers is incorporated into the decision maker's utility function. The proposed methodology is applied to cooperative action to voluntary restriction of car usage in urban transportation.

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Information provision about road congestion is one of the most important tools for relaxing congestion or drivers' irritation caused by congestion. Availability of information provision for drivers is basically dependent upon it's reliability. In this connection it is sometimes pointed out that there exists some gap between the congestion defined as a physical phenomenon and the congestion perceived by drivers. In our previous paper we proposed a general recognition rule of congestion on the basis of the drivers' perception. In this paper we expand this general recognition rule by considering individual deffernces of the drivers' perception with fuzzy reasoning and introducing the generation and dissolution mechanism of congestion as well.

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In order to optimize signal control parameters and to reexamine traffic regulations on a particular aspect of the subject area, origin destination table must be estimated in detail. We present a simplified O-D estimation model from measurement of traffic flows on the links in road network by using Absorbing Markov Chain combined with Genetic Algorithm. We analyze the convergence of this model. And the model suggested here is applied to the practical network in the vicinity of Tokyo Station in order to reveal the properties of the modified model and to investigate the validity of this model.

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This paper presents a dynamic traffic simulation method to forecast future traffic situation on congested road networks. The method is based on the continuous fluid model, and shock wave is considered in the basic formation. The model was made simple and capable of parallel processing for practical use on large scale networks. The model also includes how to deal OD structure of demand, merging and diverging, and route choice. Using some examples, dynamic behaviors of traffic flow was examined, and it was made clear that the model can represent the growth and decline of traffic congestion properly.

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We proposed a man-machine-system model of a car platoon leader departing from a signaled intersection. It's sufficiently to predict a profile of short running. But, terminal velocity of this model converge on the input velocity. So it's neccesary to consider individual difference of terminal velocity for a prediction of a profile of long running. So this paper analyzes individual difference of terminal velocity and proposes a model of predicting for a departing car.

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A neural network model was integrated into the Cremer model for estimating traffic states on a freeway. In the Cremer model, which is a macroscopic traffic flow model combined with the Kalman filter, the observation equations that relate the state variables to the observation variables were described using a neural model. The state equations that define traffic flow dynamics were also defined by another neural model. By using the neural models, non-linear characteristics of traffic flows were represented. And the derivative matrices in the filter were easily obtained. Moreover, a parameter that was dependent on traffic states were implicitly realized. The method was applied to a road section in the Metropolitan Expressway.

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