The problem of determining the interval between waves of panel surveys, the sample size, and the study duration is formulated in this study as an optimization problem in which the sum of the cost of estimation error and the cost of the surveys is minimized. Numerical analyses using hypothetical parameter values indicate that the optimal sample size of a panel study can be much smaller, and the optimal inter-wave interval and the optimal study duration much shorter, than those values that have typically been used in previous panel studies.

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Nowadays, consensus building to construction of infrastructure is an important problem. In this study, we approached to contemplate the process of success for consensus building system with the method of consciousness analysis.
We classfied residents's consciousness to some categories by their prospects of the project's effect or impact, from the result of investigation to them who had different consciousness. We then found the structure of recognition about project areas and its effects in each categorized group, as well as recognition about place and member for discussion that are elements of consensus building system.

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The objective of this research is to show a framework to analyze citizen participation in planning procedure. As a framework, I introduce institutional approach and show that citizen participation can be discussed as decision-making power provision problem. After discussing meaning and legal system of citizen participation, one simple game theoretical model is applied to analyze the condition that empowerment of local citizen group to decide infrastructure level can expect high payoff for citizens.

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In this paper we investigate the transition process of surface irregularity to determine maintenance strategies effectively. From the statistical data analysis, we develop a degradation model and restoration model. Next, in order to obtain an optimal maintenance policy based upon both maintenance costs and level of irregularity for riding quality and safety we propose an all integer mathematical programming model for making optimal multiple tie tamper (MTT) operation scheduling. This scheduling model allows us to decide when a MTT should be allocated to each depot, and which lot should be executed maintenance with the MTT.

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The new type roadbed using the slug materials is adopted in the tunnel under the Shirasu ground water level on Kyushu Shincansen under the construction. The water-resistant structure is generally selected under the high water pressure on Shirasu ground. But it is found that the water-resistant structure can not completely prevent against the mud-pumping by trainload because the resistant of water erosion on Shirasu ground is weak. The new type roadbed using the slug materials is designed in order to decrease the ground water pressure.
This paper describes the examination results of permeability and durability under cyclic load of the new type roadbed. The coefficient of roadbed permeability is the grade of 10^-3cm/s in case of addition the 10% cement to the slag materials. The roadbed settlement is very small under the 2×10⁶ times cyclic load.

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There has been Japanese traditional townscape since 17th century in Gion-Shirakawa Area, Kyoto. This study attempts to find a new concept of water-front plannning in urban area to describe the history of Shirakawa River and Lake Biwa Canal from 17th to 20th century in this area.
The network of Shirakawa-River has played an major part in the creation and development of Gion-Shirakawa water-front. The Lake Biwa Canal linked to the river has still controlled a flood and created the stable water-front.
A hybrid planning concept of natural river and artificial canal has been realized to presence a proper townscape of water-front.

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This paper proposes the estimating method for the total quantity of world container cargo flow by using the ship movement data of world container ships. At first, ship movement database is made up by making the link between the data of port calling of container ships and the data of container ship dimensions. Second, the model that connects the total quantity of container cargo and the data of ship movement is developed. By using this model, the total quantity of container cargo between areas, countries and ports can be calculated. The results of calculation by proposed methods are compared with various statistical data. Finally, the analyses of world main routes of container shipping are done by using the results of calculation by proposed method.

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Hanshin-Awaji earthquake occurred in 1995 has revealed that present water supply system for fire-fighting was not sufficient in earthquake fires. This paper focused on proposing four models to prepare water supply for earthquake-fire utilizing open channels and planning of open channels with compounding function both water front space and fire-fighting water supply in case study of Takasegawa River, Nishitakasegawa River and Horikawa River in Kyoto City.

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