Incadronate (Inc) was administered to treat hypercalcemia for five patients with advanced oral cancer. The serum calcium (Ca) level reached minimum at 5 days after the administration of 10 mg Inc, with a mean decrease of 3.4 mg/dL. In three patients Inc was repeatedly administered with a mean interval of approximately two weeks, but a decrease of Ca level was less compared with the first administration. There was no serious adverse effect in a total of 13 administrations for 5 patients. The mean survival time after the first administration was approximately one month. These results suggest the utility of Inc for controlling serum Ca level of hypercalcemia in advanced oral cancer patients, although the prognosis is very poor.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been frequently detected from sputa around tracheostomy stuma with a high frequency of nosocomial infection among patients with an opportunistic infection. It is also reported to be difficult to treat lower respiratory infections when resistance to antibiotics for Pseudomonas aeyuginosa has developed. We discuss 15 patients, (8 males and 7 females) who underwent tracheostomy and in whom Pseudomonas aeyuginosa was isolated for 10 years from April 1993 to March 2003. Average age was 62.0 years old. All subjects were oral cancer patients. Pseudomonas aeyuginosa was detected from cultures in 15 of 19 patients (78.9%) . It was isolated from and had colonized the lower respiratory tract by 34.6 days on average after tracheostomy. Gradual change of sensitivity to antiobiotics and increase of drug tolerance were recognized. As drug tolerance may be affected by long-term administration of antibiotics, selection of antibiotics and period should be carefully considered to avoid the development of tolerance.

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Lidocaine and propitocaine with vasoconstrictor are currently often used as local anesthetics in not only geriatric dentistry but also pediatric dentistry. In 1969, D. Bradley and N. Martin described that mepivacaine 3 % offered the advantage of being well tolerated and of providing satisfactory anesthesia of considerably shorter duration of effect. The purpose of this investigation was to clinically examine the efficacy of the Scandonest^® cartridge 3 % . Among 80 cases, there were 53 complete responses with no pain (66.2%), 19 incompatibilities (23.8%), and 8 minor responses (10%) . No cases were judged to be ineffective. Among 59 cases in the restorative treatment group, there were 58 effective responses (98.1%) . and 1 minor response (1.9%) . Side effects were not observed in all cases. Based on these findings, the Scandonest^® cartridge 3 % is considered to be effective for restorative treatment in pediatric dentistry.

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白金含有抗癌剤による腎Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase活性阻害と腎毒性発現との関連を検討するため, ヒト腎由来近位尿細管細胞およびブタ腎から精製したNa⁺, K⁺-ATPaseに対するシスプラチン, ネダプラチン, カルボプラチンの影響を検討した.その結果, 3剤とも濃度に依存して生存細胞数を減少させ, 濃度とプレインキュベーション時間に依存してNa⁺, K⁺-ATPase活性を阻害した.細胞数減少と酵素活性阻害の程度はどちらもシスプラチン, ネダプラチン, カルボプラチンの順に強かった.また, Na⁺, K⁺-ATPaseの分子構造の変化がシスプラチンによる酵素活性阻害に影響を与えることが示された.さらにシスプラチンにより阻害された酵素活性は, 2-メルカプトエタノール, システイン, 還元型グルタチオン, チオ硫酸ナトリウムにより部分的に回復した.これらの結果から, 白金含有抗癌剤によるNa⁺, K⁺-ATPase活性の阻害は腎毒性の一因である可能性と, チオール化合物によりその腎毒性が軽減される可能性があることが示唆された.

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A fact-finding survey was conducted with the cooperation of members of the Japan Dental Association to investigate the behavior of dentists in a bid to prevent viral hepatitis C in clinical settings of dental practice. Questionnaires retrieved by mail from 1, 617 randomly-chosen dentists who had given dental care to known hepatitis C virus carriers were analyzed. Most of the dentists maintained the discipline of pre- and post-treatment hand/nail scrubbing with soap and disinfectants. However, 53% were accustomed to dry scrubbing of hands with a cloth towel. An overwhelming majority (96.6%) of the dentists wore gloves while performing dental care, whereas as many as 3.4% did not. A mask and protective spectacles were worn by 98% and 70%, respectively. More than 90% of wastes contaminated or suspected to be contaminated with infectious agents were disposed of separately as infected wastes. The results of the survey indicated that dentists health behavior for the prevention of viral hepatitis C is generally satisfactory, however, also showed some points to be improved. Continued enlightening of dental healthcare professionals on the prevention of infection, and improvement of the social infrastructure are needed.

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