巻号一覧
34 巻 (2015)
- 3 号 p. 85-
- 2 号 p. 67-
- 1 号 p. 1-
34 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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総説
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金子 明寛2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 85-93
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
ジャーナル フリーA number of odontogenic infections are often alleviated in a few days if inflammation is localized in the alveolar part, and appropriate surgical treatments such as incision or drainage as well as antibacterial chemotherapy are performed. However, in some cases, it may become desperately ill due to delay of the initial treatment and develop extremely serious infections including cellulitis or necrotic fasciitis. The causative bacteria for these diseases are oral resident microbiota, and are frequently detected in the case of multiple bacterial infection caused by obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria. From odontogenic infection, Prevotella sp., Peptostreptococcus sp., and Streptococcus sp. are detected at high rate and are regarded as the three major etiologic agents. The change with time in susceptibility of strains separated from closed abscess of odontogenic infection during 7 years from 2005 to 2011 against various antibacterial agents was investigated. The results showed a decreasing tendency of susceptibility to β-lactam, macrolide, and quinolone agents. In particular, there are many β-lactamase producing strains in the Prevotella sp. Thus, it is necessary to select antibacterial agents stable for β-lactamase in patients with suspected involvement of obligate anaerobic bacteria such as cellulitis around the maxilla or deep neck abscess.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K)
原著
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本田 義知, 今村 泰弘, 福井 達也, 益野 一哉, 王 宝禮2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 94-99
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
ジャーナル フリーPlacental extract, which contains various bioactive agents, is thought to be a prospective medicine for systematic and oral diseases. However, in-depth information regarding its mechanisms with respect to treating periodontal diseases is not available, thereby hindering its reliable application in dentistry. Here, we demonstrated that P-placental extraction（Nippon Meat Packers Inc）, isolated from porcine tissue, increased collagen type-1 production and hindered pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from primary human gingival fibroblasts（HGFs）in vitro. HGFs were isolated from a 65-year-old patient who had undergone surgery due to chronic periodontitis. The cells were exposed to media with or without 20-2000 μg/mL P-placental extraction for 24h. No cytotoxic effect of P-placental extraction was observed up to 200 μg/mL；cell viability was attenuated at the dose of 2000 μg/mL. When P-placental extraction was used at the noncytotoxic concentration of 200 μg/mL, it significantly enhanced collagen type-1 production by HGFs within 24h. Secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin（IL）-6 and IL-8 by HGFs treated with lipopolysaccharide（LPS）decreased when P-placental extraction was present in the medium. The results suggest that the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of placenta against periodontal disease is partially due to modulation of the cellular function of HGFs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (512K) -
金坂 伊須萌, 金山 明子, 中西 康大, 鈴木 崇嗣, 金子 明寛, 小林 寅喆2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 100-105
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
ジャーナル フリーWe conducted a study about the antimicrobial susceptibility to ceftriaxone（CTRX）and prevalence of the genes cfxA/cfxA2 of clinical isolated Prevotella strains. Furthermore, we performed in vitro study for effects on the antibiotic treatment by mixed culture of β-lactamase producing Prevotella and Streptococcus mitis. All Prevotella isolates resistant to CTRX（MIC ≧32μg/mL）were found possess the cfxA/cfxA2. Prevalence of cfxA/cfxA2 of Prevotella isolates classified as susceptible by CLSI guidelines showing a MIC of ≦0.5μg/mL were less than 25% and a MIC of 1-16μg/mL were more than 73%. Viable cells of S. mitis showed more than 99% decrease in culture broth with CTRX at a concentration of 5μg/mL for up to 8 hours. In mixed culture of ESBL producing Prevotella oralis and S. mitis, viable cells of S. mitis was increased slightly in the presence of CTRX. The decrease of viable counts in S. mitis was not seen in the case of mixed culture of ESBL-producing P. oralis and S. mitis in the presence of CTRX at a concentration of 5μg/mL for up to 8 hours.
In conclusion, the cases of mixed infection with Prevotella and Oral Streptococci, it was suggested that the Prevotella producing ESBL caused an indirect pathogen for odontogenic infection.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (284K) -
矢島 麻衣子, 松野 智宣, 浅野 一成, 又賀 泉2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 106-117
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
[早期公開] 公開日: 2015/11/19ジャーナル フリー近年，唾液分泌低下を来す病態形成の一つに活性酸素種（reactive oxygen species：ROS）の関与が報告されている．ROSへの防御は生体内に備えられている内因性抗酸化システムに加えて，抗酸化物質に注目が集まっている．アスタキサンチン（astaxanthin：AX）は種々の生物に広く分布している天然カロテノイドの一種で，強力な抗酸化・抗炎症作用を有する．本研究ではヒト唾液腺由来の細胞株であるhuman submandibular gland cellにおいて，H2O2で誘導した酸化ストレス障害に対して，AXが及ぼす作用をin vitroで検討した．その結果，10 μMのAXを予防的に添加することで，8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosineとinterleukin-6，8の産生量が有意に低くなり，細胞増殖の減少とアポトーシスが有意に抑制された．以上，AXの持つ抗酸化および抗炎症作用が，酸化ストレス障害から唾液腺細胞を保護することが示唆された．抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (569K)
症例報告
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寺沢 史誉, 嘉悦 淳男, 纐纈 衆, 後藤 大輝, 白水 敬昌, 稲生 光春2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 118-125
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
ジャーナル フリーA 74-year-old woman was referred to our department by her dentist because of bone exposure and pus discharge of the right mandibular region. An oral examination revealed exposed devitalized bone, and pus discharge at a tooth-extraction socket of the right lower canine and lateral incisor, and a radiographic examination showed radiolucency of the right mandibular region. She had osteoporosis, and had received an oral bisphosphonate therapy. Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the mandible was diagnosed. Bisphosphonate administration was terminated, and conservative therapy with oral administration of antibiotics and wound irrigation was carried out, but were not effective. After 4 months of conservative therapy, primary surgical therapy was carried out, because of radiographic examination suggested that a remove sequestrum had formed. Three months after primary surgery, An oral examination revealed exposed devitalized bone and teeth mobility of the left maxillary region. Eight months after primary surgery, secondary surgical therapy was carried out because of the same reason of primary surgery.
Both of lesions were kept open wound after surgery. The postoperative course was uneventful.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (688K) -
兼子 隆次, 河合 孝真, 岡部 一登2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 126-131
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
ジャーナル フリーClostridium difficile is a Gram-positive anaerobe forming spore. Infection caused by Clostridium difficile（Clostridium difficile infection：CDI） often occurs with administering antibiotics after surgery, anticancer agents and so on. These drugs make holders of Clostridium difficile developed diarrhea result from disturbing their intestinal flora.
We have experienced a case of CDI occurred with cancer treatment. The patient was an 82-year-old man who had a gingival cancer. Severe diarrhea was seen with administering antibiotics as a trigger after operation. At first, we considered the cause of diarrhea as complication of tube feeding. However, it was of no effect to stop the antibiotics and change the enteral nutrition. Finally, we diagnosed CDI by carrying out a bacteriological examination for Clostridium difficile and clinical features. To provide metronidazole after stopping the antibiotics was effective cure for the infection. The patient recovered from diarrhea and gradually gained weight. He remains well without CDI and cancer recurrence.
In case of postoperative patients given antibiotics, prolonged or severe digestive symptoms in spite of usual management have the possibility of CDI. It is recommended to exam Clostridium difficile antigen and toxin. In addition, consultation to internal medicine is also important.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (527K)
調査研究
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抜歯後痛患者を対象とした使用成績調査報告より藤江 素子, 川井 康嗣, 小林 久謹, 広川 信一, 藤野 明子, 吉澤 和剛2015 年 34 巻 3 号 p. 132-141
発行日: 2015年
公開日: 2015/12/25
ジャーナル フリーThe objective of this study was to document the safety of tramadol hydrochloride/acetaminophen combination tablets for patients with post-tooth extraction pain. A total of 297 from 299 patients, who were enrolled in this study between January 2012 and January 2013, were evaluated. Patient demographics, administration characteristics, and safety, as well as drug effectiveness data were analyzed. The most common administration was one-day administration（n=93, 31.3%）and two tablets once a day（n=87, 29.3%）. Common side effects observed with active treatment were nausea（n=69, 23.2%）and vomiting（n=28, 9.4%）. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that females（p=0.013）and low body mass index（p=0.019）were identified as potential risk factors of nausea and vomiting occurrence. The present surveillance supported the overall safety profile of combination tablets in patients with post-tooth extraction pain.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (477K)
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