It has been shown that the human periodontal ligament fibroblast conditioned medium (HPLF-CM) enhanced chemotaxis and attachment of HPLF and human gingival fibroblast (HGF) . The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of tetracyclnes on chemotaxis of HPLF and HGF. Twenty μg/ml doxycycline (DOXY) and 20μg/ml minocycline (MINO) enhanced chemotactic activity of both cells. Twentyμg/ml tetracycline (TC) significantly (p<0.05) increased chemotactic activity of HGF compared with MCDB 107, but did not influence chemotaxis of HPLF. The data suggested that DOXY and MINO may contribute to the development of periodontal regeneration.

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Hemorrhagic colitis is one of the side effects of antimicrobial agents. It develops digestive symptoms such as diarrhea, bloody stool, abdominalgia, nausea and vomiting after or during drug administration. There were four cases of hemorrhagic colitis caused by antimicrobial agents after administration of amoxicillin (AMPC) in our department. The four patients were as follows : 50-year-old female, 38-year-old female, 34-year-old male, and 27-year-old female. They were administered antimicrobial agents because of phlegmon in the cheek, maxillary sinusitis, pericoronitis and post extraction. In all cases, severe abdominalgia and frequent diarrhea were observed at first and then the diarrhea gradually became bloody. Three patients required admission for 6-13 days and were treated for starvation by fluid therapy, and the symptoms were recovered from in all cases. Hemorrhagic colitis is not preventable because the cause is unknown. However, antimicrobial agents are needed for treatment of inflammantion. Therefore, antimicrobial agents should be used with caution of hemorrhagic colitis.

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Clinical and bacteriological effects of arbekacin (ABK) were studied in a total of 9 patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections after oral and maxillofacial surgery.
ABK was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a dose of 100mg twice a day for 7 to 14 days, and imipenem/cilastatin was administered to 3 patients, minocyclin to 1 patient, and lomefloxacin to 1 patient, simultaneously.
The clinical efficacy rate of ABK was 77.8%. As to the bacteriological effect, MRSA was eradicated in 4 (44.4%) out of 9 patients. As to the administration methods, the clinical efficiencies were 80.0% in 5 monotherapy cases and 83.3% in 4 combined therapy cases.
In conclusion, this study suggested that ABK is useful for treatment of MRSA infections after oral and maxillofacial surgery.

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A single dose of TS-110 of 4, 6, and 8 mg was administered to the lower mandibula because of impacted wisdom tooth post-extraction pain, and the clinical usefulness and optimum dose were investigated by the double-blind method.
1. For assessment of overall improvement of pain and analysis of usefulness, there were 86, 91, and 84 patients in the 4, 6, and 8 mg groups respectively, and for analysis of general safety, there were 86, 92, and 85 patients in the respective groups.
2. Significant differences among these three groups were observed in the cumulative analgesia rate based on a duration method, and the time to become pain-free tended to be much shorter with 8 mg than with 4 mg.
3. Significant differences among these three groups were observed with respect to patient impressions, but significant differences between two groups were not observed.
4. Significant differences among these three groups were observed in overall improvement of pain, and the 8 mg was significantly better than 6 mg. In addition, the percent of patients with moderate improvement or greater was 81.4%, 73.6%, and 85.7% in the 4, 6 and 8 mg groups respectively, and a significant difference was not observed, but the percentages of marked improvement were 39.5%, 37.4%, and 56.0% respectively, and the 8 mg group was significantly better than the 6 mg group.
5. There were only two cases (2.2%) of adverse reaction in the 6 mg group ; mild gastric pain and diarrhea.
6. Significant differences among these three groups in regard to usefulness were not observed. As a result the optimum dose of TS-110 for post-extraction pain was considered to be a single dose of 8mg.

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Recently, the number of infectious diseases caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has increased. In the oral and maxillofacial region, MRSA have often been detected in samples of malignant tumor patients. There are few antibiotics for MRSA, but vancomycin (VCM) is known to be useful for MRSA infection.
Eleven patients with MRSA infection in the oral and maxillofacial region were treated and the clinical efficacy and side effects of VCM administration were investigated. While monitoring the concentration of VCM in peripheral blood, VCM alone or VCM with another antibiotic, fosfomycin (FOM) or flomoxef (FMOX) were administered. Furthermore, the background of each patient with MRSA infection in this region was discussed. The results were as follows:
1. The combination chemotherapy of VCM and another antibiotic was very useful for improving clinical symptoms in MRSA infection.
2. The administration of VCM with FMOX was more effective for MRSA infection than that of VCM alone or VCM with FOM.
3. The side effects of VCM were effectively prevented by monitoring the VCM concentration in peripheral blood.

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Rabbit jaw bone infection models were used to study the penetration of antimicrobials in the blood and tissues. In this pharmacodynamic analysis, aspoxicillin (ASPC), a penicillin, and panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/BP), a carbapenem, were selected as test drugs. Jaw bone infection was induced by the Satoh-Heimdahl method. ASPC (20mg/kg) and PAPM/BP (20mg/ 20mg/kg) were administered intravenously for 30 minutes to the rabbit jaw bone infection models. Healthy rabbits, prepared as controls, were placed on the same antimicrobial therapy and the results were compared. Serum and pus samples and the specimens obtained from upper and lower jaw bones, trachea, and ilium were measured.
1) Serum and tissue penetration rates of antimicrobials were higher in the infection models than in the controls. This phenomenon was observed in both the ASPC and PAPM/ BP administration groups.
2) ASPC and PAPM/BP penetrated into the hard tissues of upper and lower jaw bones and ilium at nearly the same rate. Compared with other tissue specimens, the tissue specimen obtained from the trachea showed a much higher antimicrobial penetration rate.

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