Cefatridine (CFT), a new internal medicament of Cefem, has nearly same antibacterial spectrum as Cephalexin (CEX), and its antibacterial activity is bactericidal and twice to eight-fold as CEX.
We compared the change of serum concentration and urinary recovery of CFT in human with CEX for study on absorption and excretion of CFT. Tissue concentration of CFT in Wistar strain-rats was also studied.
1. When oral administration after a meal, CFT had taken 3h to peak (4.0±1.1μg/ml), CEX was 8.0±2.4μg/ml after 2h, and CFT had slowly decreased after peak. In 6h after oral administration, serum concentration of CFT was higher than CEX, it proved tendency that CFT had disappeared slowly from serum.
2. Urinary recovery of CFT, until 6h after oral administration, was 54% (CEX 63.5%) .
3. Peak of tissue concentration of CFT was in 1.5-2h after oral administration, and was 20-30% at serum concentration. Peak of concentration of CFT recognized higher in order to followed, Kidney>Serum>Liver>Tongue>Palatalgingiva>Submaxillary lymph-node>Submaxillary gland.

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We found the concentration of tobramycin in the serum by using Gamm-Coat [¹²⁵I] Tobramycin Radioimmunoassay Kit produced by Travenol Laboratories Inc.
At the same time, we also determined the concentration by using bioassay.
The results showed good correlation from both methods (correlation coefficient=0.936) . Radioimmunoassay is a more rapid assay method compared to bioassay, and this has a clinical significance we thought. The reason is aminoglycosides agents have a renal toxity and the therapeutic range is close to the toxic range. (Therapeutic range 5-8μg/ml in the toxic range is over 12μg/ml in the serum concentration.) We think that it is necessary to determine the serum concentration with rapidity and to control serum levels.

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Fundamental and clinical studies were performed on a new cephalosporin antibiotic, CCL, in the field of oral surgery, and the following results were obtained:
1. The MIC was measured using clinically isolated bacteria, and CCL was compared with CEX, AMPC and CXD. CCL was found to be slightly inferior to AMPC against 21 strains of G (+) bacteria, but superior to other drugs in anti-bacterial activity against 85 strains of G (-) bacteria.
2. This drug was administered orally at a dose of 500mg after meals to study the concentration in serum, transfer into oral tissue, and successive changes of concentration in blood using volunteers. The mean concentration in serum was 3.33μg/ml after 60 min and 4.20μg/ml after 120 min. The ratio of concentration in the oral tissue to that in serum was 0.32-2.13 for the gingiva, 0.49-0.60 for the cyst wall, and 0.07-0.26 for the mandibular bone. The successive changes in serum were 0.64μg/ml after 30 min, 1.78μg/ml after 60 min, 2.65μg/ml after 90 min, 3.03μg/ml after 120 min, 2.89μg/ml after 180 min, 2.15μg/ml after 240 min, and 0.44μg/ml after 360 min.
3. This drug was administered orally to 21 cases of infections in this department, and the results were markedly effective in three cases, effective in 15 cases, slightly effective in one case, ineffective in one case, and unknown in one case, the efficacy rate was 90%.
4. The side effects were gastrointestinal disorder in one case, a slight feeling of heaviness in the head in one case, slight thrombocytosis in one case, and hepatic disorder in one volunteer.

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The authors obtained the following results from the experience of administration of Cefaclor.
1. Cases were consisted of 12 cases of maxillary ostitis, 6 cases of alveolar and gingival abscess, 3 cases of pericoronitis, 3 cases of phregmon, 2 cases of maxillary sinuitis, 2 cases of parotitis, 2 cases of buccal abscess and one case of secondary infection after mandible fracture, a total of 31 cases.
2. The clinical effects based on the judgement were excellent in 12 cases, good in 19 cases.
3. Eighteen strains were detected from 16 cases, α-Streptococus were observed in 13 strains.
4. Cefaclor indicated higher sensitivity against α-Streptococcus, Neisseria, Klebsiella.
5. In 31 cases, no serious side effects were observed.
By the above mentioned, it is considered that Cefaclor is effective and useful for the acute infection in the field of oral surgery.

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An experience of the administration of the Brompton Mixture to the 20-year-old female patient is reported who suffered from intractable pain caused by the advanced cancer originated in the left submandibular region. At first the chronic pain could be reduced with anti-inflammatory drug, but she became anxious and fearful about the agony as the severity of pain increased. In this stage the administration of the Brompton Mixture which is known as the narcotic mixture in treating intolerable pain by malignant diseases was decided. The Mixture without cocaine prescribed in our hospital contained 5mg of morphine, 2ml of wine, 1ml of syrup and water up to 10ml. Because of the effectiveness of the mixture she became so gentle that she could admit the conservative radiotherapy and immunotherapy. In this case there were no severe side effects such as vomitting and nausea. In conclusion the Brompton Mixture is an effective, safe and convenient drug in the patient with advanced oral cancer.

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Hitherto, it has been reported that Peplomycin shows more immediate and excellent anti-tumor effects than Bleomycin, while the former side effects are only a little in comparison with the latter.
Recently, we encountered a case of pulmonary trouble induced by Peplomycin. The patient was a 45-year-old man whose chief complaint was the painful swelling on the right cheek. In our clinic, he was diagnosed as a cancer of maxillary antrum, histologically well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Except for the above mentioned lesion, he had no general complication.
So we prescripted the patient 10 mg of Peplomycin twice a week intraarterially for adjunct chemotherapy. As a result, Peplomycin showed the excellent effect to the maxillary tumor. However at relatively early stage, the pulmonary function of the patient began to come insufficient, and the sever pulmonary fibrosis was seen when the total dosis of Peplomycin reached to 100 mg. Therefore the administration of Peplomycin was interrupted and the treatment for pulmonary disease was done. By this procedures the lesion was cured.
From this fact, we suspect that the side effects of Peplomycin are equal or more to the Bleomycin.

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The 61 cases of trigeminal neuralgia were treated by nerve block therapy using of Neo-Vitacaine. The efficacy of Neo-Vitacaine was investigated, and compared with other thera-pies used tegretol administration and alcohol block. The results were follows.
(1) Nerve block therapy used of Neo-Vitacaine was repeated from 3 to 28 times per a patient, on the average 12.4 times.
(2) On the points of block therapy, there were 50 points in mandibular foramen, 14 points in infraorbital foramen and 5 in mental foramen and in maxillary tuberculum.
(3) There were effective results in Neo-Vitacaine block group (72 %), in Tegretole group (66 %) and in Alcohol block group (70 %) . Comparing markedly effective results between Neo-Vitacain block group and Tegretol group, the former (34 %) were more remarkable than the latter (11 %) .
(4) In nerve block therapy used of Neo-Vitacaine, there were no remarkable side-effects. In tegretol administrated group, vertigo and disorder of digestion were observed frequently.
Summarizing the above results, Neo-Vitacaine block is considered quite effective in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgie.

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During the period from 1980 to 1982, bacterial examinations of the samples collected from continuous suction drain (Porto-Vac) were done in 55 cases. Organisms were isolated in 8 cases out of 55 cases (2 cases out of 31 clean operations in which the incision was made only extra orally and 6 cases out of 24 clean-contaminated operations in which the incision was made both intra and extra orally) . Post-operative infection was seen in one clean-contaminated operation case out of 8 cases. Isolated organisms were mostly gram positive cocci. Nine organisms in 5 cases out of 55 cases were non-sensitive to the antimicrobial agents which were administrated in each case. The case of postoperative infection was one of these 5 cases. No one had immuno-insufficiency in those cases.

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The antimicrobial agents are commonly used in the clinical dentistry. The efficacy of the antimicrobial agents is due to several factors, one of the important factor is pharmacokine-tics. In this study, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from serum levels of rabbits and human during and following cephaloridine continuous intravenous drip infusion. It was compared pharmacokinetically the difference or similitude between rabbits and human.

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