Odontogenic karatocysts tend to recur after surgery. Voorsmit first used Carnoy's solution to prevent the recurrence of keratocysts, but few experimental studies have assessed the basic properties of this solution. Therefore, the penetration depth of Carnoy's solution in the labial gingiva of the mandible of Sprague-Dawley rats was measured after staining with Berlin blue stain. The resules of this in vitro experiment suggested that Carnoy's solution penetrates below the epithelium of odontogenic keratocysts by soaking in it from 1 to 3 minutes.

抄録全体を表示

To objectively evaluate the clinical usefulness of TS-110 (hereinafter veferred to as “ T ”) against the pain caused after extraction of the lower mandibular impacted wisdom tooth, a double-blind between-group comparison trial was conducted using mefenamic acid (hereinafter veferred to as “ M ”) as the control drug.
1. Except for 40 of the 270 cases, 111 patients in the T group and 113 in the M group were analyzed for efficacy, 114 and 115 respectively were analyzed for safety and 111 and 112 for usefulness of the drug.
2. Though there was no significant difference in the cumulative rate of no pain (imme-diacy) between the two groups, the rate was higher in the T group than in the M group up to 5 hours after extraction.
3. There was no significant difference in the time up to the pain recurrence (persistence) . Those who did not feel recurring pain for more than 5 hours accounted for 75.3% (64/85) in the T group and 68.4% (54/79) in the M group.
4. As for the overall pain improvement, those demonstrating “moderate improvement” or “marked improvement” acccounted for 78.4% (87/111) and 69.9% (79/113) in the respective groups, indicating that the improvement in the T group was more than or equal to that in the M group.
5. Adverse effects occurred in 3 cases (2.6%) in the T group in the form of mild chill (2), headache (1) and chest pain (1), and in 2 cases (1.7%) in the M group in the form of moderate gastric discomfort (1), nausea (1), and mild stomachache (1) . None of these symptoms caused any clinical problem.
6. As for usefulness, the drug was assessed as “safe” in 97.4% (111/114) of the T group and 98.3% (113/115) of the M group.
7. As for usefulness, the drug was assessed as “useful” or “extremely useful” in 79.3% (88/111) of the T group and 78.6% (88/112) of the M group.
As described above, TS-110 is a useful drug which has excellent quick and persistent action against post-extraction pain and which demonstrates analgesic effect more than or equal to that of mefenamic acid.

抄録全体を表示

Purpose : The role of mouthwash in improving the sanitary condition of the mouth has been restudied recently. However, the effect of mouthwash on mature plaque, is unknown. In this study, mature plaque was treated with Aqua Oxidizing Water, and its effects were examined under an electron microscope.
Materials and Methods : The subjects were 20 healthy volunteers including students and members of the dental stuff of our department. To collect plaque, epoxy resin (Quetol, Nisshin EM, Tokyo) film was produced and temporary applied to the interdental region of the upper first and second premolars on both sides of the mouth using instantly polymerizing resin. Plaque formed on the epoxy resin film was collected with the film at certain intervals from 6 to 120 hours after plaque was allowed to form. The film with adherent plaque was treated by three methods : soaking in physiological saline (Otsuka Seiyaku, Co. Ltd., Japan) [the control group], soaking in Listerine^® (the mouthwash group) and soaking in aqua oxidizing water [aqua oxidizing water group] for 30 sec. Then the film in all groups was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution, dehydrated with alcohol, embedded in Quetol resin according to the conventional method, and examined under a transmission electron microscope (TEM) . Some specimens were also examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) .
Result and Discussion : Plaque accumulation was detected 12 hours after plaque was allowed to form in the control group. Electron microscope examination revealed that inhibition of plaque formation at the beginning, a slight change in the shape of bacterial colonies, and extracellular substances occur on the surface of mature plaque in the mouthwash group and aqua oxidizing water group. These findings show that aqua oxidizing water affects plaque especially at the begining of plaque formation.

抄録全体を表示

臨床分離緑膿菌 (P.aeruginosa) 4株に対するsulbactam/cefoperazone (SBT/CPZ) およびceftazidim (CAZ) の2剤のセフェム系抗菌薬とfosfomycin (FOM) との併用効果をin vitroおよびin vivoにおいて検討した.
4株に対しての3剤のMICおよび4株のβ-lactamase産生能の有無を検討した.
また併用効果を検討するためにチェッカーボード法によりFIC (Fractional inhibitory concentration) indexを算出した.
次に各菌株のマウスに対する最小致死量MLD (minimal lethal dose) を求め, その2倍量を1群6匹のマウスに腹腔内接種し, 2時間後に各抗菌薬を単独で投与し, 50%生存量 (ED₅₀) を求めた.
その各薬剤のED₅₀を基準にFOM: SBT/CPZとFOM: CAZの濃度を1: 1, 1/2: 1/2, 1/4: 1/4, 1/8: 1/8, 1/2: 1/4, 1/2: 1/8, 1/2: 1/16ED₅₀量を投与し, それぞれ15時間, 24時間, 48時間, 1週間のマウスの生存数を観察し, 併用時のED₅₀を検討した.
全ての菌株はβ-lactamase産生能を有し, 各菌株の3剤に対するMICは, それぞれSBTICPZは12.5～25μg/ml, CAZは15.6～3.13μg/ml, FOMは50～200μg/mlであり, CAZの感受性が一番優れていた.SBT/CPZ+FOMとCAZ+FOMのFIC indexの比較ではSBT/CPZ+FOMでは0.375が3株, 0.75が1株, CAZ+FOMでは0.375が1株, 0.5が2株, 0.75が1株であった.
FIC indexで評価するとSBT/CPZの方が相乗効果が強かった.
またマウスにおけるED₅₀の検討においては単剤のED₅₀はCAZの方がSBT/CPZより優れていたが, FOMとの併用ではSBT/CPZはCAZとの差が縮まり, 同等以上の併用効果が得られた.

抄録全体を表示

1993年3月～1995年12月の期間に行われた新しい抗菌薬の臨床試験に際し, 歯性感染症の閉塞膿瘍から針穿取した膿汁から, 歯性感染症の起炎菌を同定した.採取された検体は三菱化学BCLにおいて集中同定が行われた.菌の検出が可能であったのは628症例で, 分離菌は1145株であった.
本邦における抗菌薬の新しいガイドラインでは, 歯性感染症の臨床試験は10例で良いということになっている.従って, 628症例というような多数症例についての起炎菌の同定は将来は望みが薄く, このような多数症例での報告は今回が最後と思われる.

抄録全体を表示

Minocycline has been frequently inserted topically into the periodontal pocket of periodontal disease. The causative organisms of periodontal disease were collected from clinical cases. Twenty strains of Prevotella intermedia, 20 strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis, 20 strains of Capnocytophaga sp., 20 strains of Fusobacterium nucleatum, 15 strains of Eikenella corrodens, and 15 strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were identified and stocked. MICs of minocycline were measured for those organisms. MIC ranges and MIC₉₀ were as follows : Prevotella intermedia (≤0.025-3.13, 1.56), Porphyromonas gingivalis (≤0.025-1.56, 0.39), Capnocytophaga sp. (0.05-0.2, 0.10), Fusobacterium nucleatum (≤0.025-3.13, 0.10), Eikenella corrodens (0.2-1.56, 0.78), and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (0.39-0.78, 0.78) .
To evaluate therapeutic agents for periodontal disease, one should measure the susceptibility of causative organisms and the effusion level in periodontal pockets.
Minocycline maintained favorable susceptibility to organisms of periodontal disease.

抄録全体を表示