For the prevention and treatment of arteriosclerosis, control of diet is one of the most important factors. This study was attempted to elucidate the effect of carbohydrate on the clearing mechanism of postalimentary lipemia in normal subjects and in patients with coronary arteriosclerosis.
Results obtained were as follows:
1. After an overnight fast, 100g of raw cream containing 25% fat were orally administered to 16 patients with coronary arteriosclerosis and to 13 control subjects. In addition, 40ml of 50% glucose was injected intravenously 3 hours after oral fat intake in 9 patients and in 5 control subjects. Observations were made of serial changes of optical density (OD) indicating the chylomicron level and FFA content in plasma. In both groups, comparative investigations were made of patterns of OD and FFA. For both groups, a significant decrease in OD was noted after administration of glucose, but the decrease was relatively more pronounced in the control subjects than in the patient group. The pattern of FFA was similar to that of OD, respectively, in each group.
2. Seven control subjects were loaded with raw cream. Four of these controls were given 10mg of propranolol intravenously, and the other three were given the same volume of saline three hours after fat intake. The beta-blocker was demonstrated to lower OD significantly.
3. To three patients with coronary arteriosclerosis and three control subjects treated with raw cream, protamine was infused intravenously two and a half hours after fat loading. 30 minutes after the beginning of protamine infusion, 40ml of 50% glucose was also injected intravenously. It was revealed that OD was markedly elevated by the pretreatment with protamine in spite of the intravenous administration of glucose.
From these results it is postulated that the most basic factor of the clearing mechanism of postalimentary lipemia is the activity of lipoprotein lipase. By promoting the turnover rate of plasma FFA, glucose is postulated as having an augumentative effect on this mechanism.
The effect of glucose on the clearing mechanism of postalimentary lipemia was revealed to be disturbed in patients with coronary arteriosclerosis, compared with control subjects. Regarding its mechanism, lowered glucose tolerance in patients with coronary arteriosclerosis is suggested.

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Incidence and related factors of intermittent claudication were studied on 630 subjects over 40 years of age.
Intermittent claudication was found in 29 of 630 subjects (4.6%), in 27 of 398 men (6.8%) and 2 of 232 women (0.9%). Incidence of intermittent claudication in men was 1.0% in 40-49 years of age, 2.7% in 50-59 years of age, 9.2% in 60-69 years of age and 23.3% in over 70 years of age respectively.
Systolic blood pressure of men with intermittent claudication was not higher than that of men without. On the other hand, diastolic blood pressure of men with intermittent claudication was significantly lower than that of men without.
Serum cholesterol levels and diabetes mellitus had no close relation to the incidence of intermittent claudication.
The incidence of tobacco smoker was 87.0% in men with intermittent claudication and 62.7% in men without. The difference between them was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Calcification of abdominal aorta was noted roentgenologically in 82.6% of men with intermittent claudication, while in 41.6% of men without. Calcification of aortic arch was also noted more frequently in men with intermittent claudication than men without.
Inguinal arterial murmur was heard in 73.9% of men with intermittent claudication, but only in 12.4% of men without intermittent claudication.

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Various factors are suspected to be responsible for the changes of skeletal muscle of the aged, and among the changes of muscle, there are many similar findings to those of the neuromuscular diseases. A comparative study was performed with the biopsied muscles from the 80 aged-persons by pathological methods, including the enzyme histochemistry and electron microscopy. Muscles biopsied from 150 cases of the neuromuscular diseases were referred.
Results were as follows:
1) Muscle changes of the aged were variegated, but the neurogenic changes of various grades were most frequently observed.
2) Histochemically type II fiber atrophy was prominent in the aged.
3) Various myopathic changes were also observed in many muscles of the aged. Among them, “red-ragged fiber”, nemaline rods, lipid storage including lipopigment and curvilinear body, tubular aggregates and proliferation of t-system (honeycomb like structure) were frequent findings.
4) Various nuclear changes.
5) Thickening of intramuscular capillary basement me mbrane was observed moderately.
6) Deformity and reduction of the subsynaptic folds of the motor endplates.
It is suspected that various factors, accompanying with the ageing process, may act on the motor neuron (anterior horn cell, peripheral nerve, motor endplate and muscle) and are responsible for the neuropathic and myopathic changes of muscles of the aged.

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The investigation was made on the determination method of serum uric acid by the Beckman Glucose Analyzer which catches, by polarograpic oxygen electrode, the consumption speed of oxygen consumed in proportion to the concentration of uric acid when it is oxydized by uricase, and the following results were found:
1. The standard curve passing through the original point was straight up to 12mg/dl concentration of uric acid and showed tendency of more or less curving down at the higher concentrations.
2. Accuracy given by simultaneous determination (n=10) was ±3.0% in C. V. at the normal values of serum uric acid and was ±2.2% at the higher values. The daily variation (n=10) on pool serum was satisfactorily ±3.6% in C. V.
3. The recovery rate on this method was from 97.4 to 101.3% with an average of 99.5%.
4. Glucose, cystine and phenol did not show any influence on the deter mination values, whereas 100mg/dl of ascorbic acid showed positive error of 1.3mg/dl as uric acid and 10mg/dl of formaldehyde showed negative error of 0.4mg/dl as uric acid.
5. The change of the reaction temperature between 30°C and 40°C had no influence of the determination values.
6. The enzyme reagent mainly composed of uricase was endurable for at least five time use.
7. The determinations by this method on the uric acid values of eighty serum samples from patients gave the sufficiently satisfactory coefficients of correlation (γ), 0.950, by phosphotungstic acid method and, 0.910, by uricase catalase photometric method. The average values of the uric acid determinations of these samples were 5.3mg/dl by uricase catalase photometric method, 5.4mg/dl by this method and 6.0mg/dl by phosphotungstic acid method. The determinations by this method on the uric acid values of forty urine samples from patients gave also the adequately satisfactory coefficients of correlation (γ), 0.946, by phosphotungstic acid method and, 0.918, by uricase catalase photometric method. The average values of these determinations were 57.7mg/dl by uricase catalase photometric method, 60.0mg/dl by this method and 73.9mg/dl by phosphotungstic acid method.
Conculusion
It is conclusively considered from the above results that this is the method to determine the real values of uric acid, with small amount of sample, speedily and simply with high reproducibility and therefore that this is one of the most excellent methods at present to determine the serum uric acid.

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From the fact that noradrenaline content and L-dopa decarboxylase activity in brain of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) are in low value and that vitamin B₆ (VB₆) is necessary as a coenzyme of L-dopa decarboxylase, authors tried to clarify the changes of hypertension and L-dopa decarboxylase activity in VB₆ deficient SHR. After 10 weeks' feeding with VB₆ deficient food, we measured L-dopa decarboxylase activity and catecholamine content in SHR.
Results
1) There were no significant changes both in body weight and in blood pressure in VB₆ deficient group.
2) L-dopa decarboxylase activity in brain, kidney, and liver were significantly decreased in SHR, but no significant changes were observed between control SHR and VB₆ deficient SHR in brain and kidney. The significant decrease, however, was observed in liver of VB₆ deficient SHR.
3) Dopa and dopamine contents of brain in VB₆ deficient SHR were significantly increased, but no changes were observed in noradrenaline content.
We concluded that VB₆ deficiency affected the enzyme activity in peripheral organs…especially in liver at first, but no influence was observed in brain in this short duration. We will next report the influence of VB₆ de ficiency in long term feeding.

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