Japanese Journal of Grassland Science
Online ISSN : 2188-6555
Print ISSN : 0447-5933
ISSN-L : 0447-5933
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Volume 61, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Research Papers
  • Effects of Fertilizers and Preparation Methods after Harvesting Rice on Mineral and DCAD of Rice Straw
    Xijiu Jin, Norio Yoshida, Hiroki Matsuyama, Ken-ichi Horiguchi
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 151-157
    Published: October 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14941/grass.61.151
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    In order to obtain low DCAD (Dietary Cation-Anion Differences) of rice straw, mineral content and DCAD of rice straw were measured through using different fertilizers and preparation methods in the experiment. Under the same base fertilizer condition, ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride were applied as additional fertilizers. After harvesting the full-ripe stage rice, they were put under the paddy field exposition (0, 7, 14, 30, 60 days) and paddy-sheaf racking (30 days), silage (30 days), the mineral content and DCAD of rice straw were measured again. In order to ascertain the effect of rainfall on mineral content and DCAD of rice straw, an artificial rainfall experiment was implemented. DCAD of rice straw applied ammonium sulfate was lower than that applied ammonium chloride. The K, Cl content and DCAD of rice straw showed a decreasing tendency after the paddy field exposition and paddy-sheaf racking. About the artificial rainfall experiment, the K, Cl content and DCAD of rice straw decreased sharply after 100mm rainfall. Through the experiment, low DCAD of rice straw could be obtained which applied ammonium sulfate and adopted paddy-sheaf racking and paddy field exposition methods at the same time exposed the rice straw in the rain moderately.
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  • Effects of Fresh Rice Straw Silage on Feeding Performance During the Late Stage of Fattening in Japanese Black Steers
    Yasuko Takahira, Chizuko Kanaya, Makiko Nakajima, Eiji Yoshino, Hiroak ...
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 158-166
    Published: October 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14941/grass.61.158
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    This experiment was designed to compare the effects of fresh rice straw silage with dry rice straw on feeding performance during the late stage of fattening (20-26 months of age) in Japanese Black Steers. The dry matter intake of fresh rice straw silage was significantly higher than the intake of dry rice straw.
    In addition, decline of plasma retinol concentration in the animals was suppressed by providing fresh rice straw silage, although, the plasma α-tocopherol concentration was found to be increased. These results suggest that fresh rice straw silage can be used as roughage during the late stage of fattening, and that it does not affect the beef marbling or the risk of anorexia induced by vitamin A deficiency disease.
    Furthermore, it is possible that feeding cattle fresh rice straw silage increases the economic value of the beef because of the increased α-tocopherol content in the longissimus muscle.
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Short Reports
  • Relationship between Volatile Basic Nitrogen Content and pH and Water Content in Grass Silage
    Hideshi Shinoda
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 167-169
    Published: October 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14941/grass.61.167
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    As for the high grass silage of the volatile basic nitrogens (VBN) content, most of VBN was volatilized by the air dry preprocessing treatment for forage test. The VBN which volatilized causes a loss in a nitrogen content in a sample. In other words, underestimate of crude protein (CP) content occurs. However, we cannot judge whether underestimate of CP occurs without measurement of VBN. But, it is not realistic to measure VBN of all samples from time and labor. In this report, we examined whether pH and water content of the silage became the index of underestimation of CP. The underestimate of more than 10% of CP was less likely to occur on the following conditions. These silage conditions were that pH was under than 4.2 and moisture content was less than 70%. VBN should be measured in the silage of except these conditions, and the real CP content should be grasped.
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  • Change in Fermentation Characteristics and Nutrient Contents of High-moisture Ensiled Total Mixed Ration Containing Steam-flaked Corn or Brown Rice During Storage
    Makoto Miyaji, Hiroki Matsuyama, Kazuhisa Nonaka
    2015 Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 170-174
    Published: October 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: November 26, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14941/grass.61.170
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    The objective of this experiment was to determine the change in fermentation profile, chemical composition and nutrient loss of high-moisture ensiled TMR containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice during storage. TMR, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 20.2% of dietary dry matter (DM) with 63.0% high-moisture rye silage (DM : 24%), 9.9% beet pulp, 6.9% soybean meal, were prepared (DM basis). Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in air-conditioned room, and opened and sampled after 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days. The pH value was decreased in rice based TMR (R-TMR), but increased in corn based TMR (C-TMR) during storage. Lactic acid concentration was increased in R-TMR, but decreased in C-TMR during storage. Acetic acid content of C-TMR was higher than that of R-TMR. In both TMR, CP and aNDFom concentrations were increased, starch content was decreased during storage. The DM and OM loss during storage was greater for C-TMR ant for R-TMR, but starch loss was not different between corn and rice. These results show that replacing corn with brown rice in high-moisture ensiled TMR decreased pH value, increased lactic acid content and prevent increasing DM and OM loss during storage.
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Special Feuture
Establishment of High-yielding Cropping Systems Utilizing New Sorghum-sudangrass Hybrids
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